1993 saw a release for PCs with Windows 3. 1 as part of the original Microsoft Arcade package.

The first Windows NT-based operating system to receive AGP support was Windows NT 4. 0 with service pack 3, introduced in 1997.

Operating systems such as Microsoft Windows that display hard drive sizes using the customary binary prefix " GB " ( as it is used for RAM ) would display this as 279. 4 GB ( meaning 279. 4 × 1024 < sup > 3 </ sup >, or 279. 4 ×).

* Microsoft Windows contains application compatibility shims to make the platform compatible with most software from earlier 32-bit and 16-bit versions ( e. g. Civilization ( circa 1991, designed for Windows 3. 0 ) running on Windows Vista ).

Castle of the Winds ( CotW ) is a tile-based roguelike video game for Windows 3. x.

All terrain tiles, some landscape features, all monsters and objects, and some spell / effect graphics take the form of Windows 3. 1 icons.

* A Windows based Tool uses any standard PC 3. 5 " Drive to WRITE & READ 1581 Disk Images.

Device drivers, particularly on Microsoft Windows platforms, can run in kernel-mode ( Ring 0 on x86 CPUs ) or in user-mode ( Ring 3 on x86 CPUs ).

* CNG API in Windows Vista and Windows Server 2008 with managed wrappers for CNG in. NET Framework 3. 5

The perennial debates between users of competing operating systems such as Windows, Mac OS, or the GNU / Linux operating system, users of Intel and AMD processors, and users of the Wii, PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 video game systems, often escalate into seemingly unending " flamewars ", called also software wars.

Sega also made video games based on Garfield for the Genesis ( Garfield Caught in the Act ) and Windows 3. 1 computers, as well as other companies made games, such as A Tale of Two Kitties for the DS, published by Game Factory, Garfield's Nightmare for DS, Garfield's Funfest for DS, and Garfield Labyrinth for Game Boy.

The 3. x and 4. x family includes Windows 3. 0, Windows 3. 1x, Windows 95, Windows 98, and Windows Me.

Also, a new version of Asteroids was developed for PlayStation, Nintendo 64, Windows, and the Game Boy Color in the late 1990s.

Since Java's bytecode is platform-independent, Java applets can be executed by browsers running under many platforms, including Windows, Unix, Mac OS, and Linux.

* A Windows Algol Algol running on Vista win64 system by Marcel van der Veer, Algol 68 Genie works on normal Windows up through the latest.

Three emulators of the machine exist, ElectrEm for Windows / Linux / Mac OS X, Elkulator for Windows / DOS and the Multi-system emulator MESS.

Tridgell was a major developer of the Samba software, analysing the Server Message Block protocol used for workgroup and network file sharing by Microsoft Windows products.

There is one major uncompressed audio format, PCM, which is usually stored in a. wav file on Windows or in a. aiff file on Mac OS.

* wav – standard audio file container format used mainly in Windows PCs.

* wma – the popular Windows Media Audio format owned by Microsoft.

Microsoft first introduced AGP support into Windows 95 OEM Service Release 2 ( OSR2 version 1111 or 950B ) via the USB SUPPLEMENT to OSR2 patch.

After applying the patch the Windows 95 system became Windows 95 version 4. 00. 950 B.

Operating systems that supported Alpha included OpenVMS ( previously known as OpenVMS AXP ), Tru64 UNIX ( previously known as DEC OSF / 1 AXP and Digital UNIX ), Windows NT ( until 4. 0 SP6 and Windows 2000 RC1 ), GNU / Linux ( Debian GNU / Linux, Gentoo Linux and Red Hat Linux ), BSD UNIX ( NetBSD, OpenBSD and FreeBSD up to 6. x ), as well as the L4Ka :: Pistachio kernel.

However, Edlin is included in 32-bit versions of Windows NT, since NTVDM's DOS support is based on MS-DOS version 5. 0.

* Rundata 2. 0 for Windows.

Version 0. 7. 5 also shipped with a new version of the Windows installer.

A Microsoft Windows ( 2000 or newer ) port was made available starting with the 2. 2. 0 series.

With Windows NT 4. 0 in 1996, the shell changed from Program Manager to Windows Explorer.

The first independent version of Microsoft Windows, version 1. 0, released on 20 November 1985, achieved little popularity.

Windows 1. 0 was not a complete operating system, but rather an " operating environment " that extended MS-DOS, and shared the latter's inherent flaws and problems.

In the development of Windows 1. 0, Microsoft intentionally limited its borrowing of certain GUI elements from the Macintosh user interface, to comply with its license.

Much of the popularity for Windows 2. 0 came by way of its inclusion as a " run-time version " with Microsoft's new graphical applications, Excel and Word for Windows.

Microsoft Windows scored a significant success with Windows 3. 0, released in May 1990.

BeOS was positioned as a multimedia platform which could be used by a substantial population of desktop users and a competitor to Mac OS and Microsoft Windows ( Linux was not relevant as a desktop OS at the time ).

BeOS PE could be started from within Microsoft Windows or Linux, and was intended to nurture consumer interest in its product and give developers something to tinker with.

He thought it would be possible to retarget GCC and produce a cross compiler generating executables that could run on Windows.

They could be run from MS-DOS, executing Windows for the duration of their activity, and closing down Windows upon exit.

PCs had improved graphics by this time, due to VGA video cards, and the protected / enhanced mode allowed Windows applications to use more memory in a more painless manner than their DOS counterparts could.

Version 2. 0 could also run DOS and Windows 3. 0 programs, since IBM had retained the right to use the DOS and Windows code as a result of the breakup.

The Win32 API had three main implementations: one for Windows NT, one for Win32s ( which was a subset of Win32 which could be used on Windows 3. 1 systems ), and one for Chicago.

The Amstrad PCW's bundled word processing software, LocoScript, used the term " in limbo " to refer to files which had been deleted but which could still be restored, a concept similar to that later implemented by the Trash in the Apple Macintosh and the Recycle Bin in Microsoft Windows 95.

While, in 1988, Windows / 386 2. 1 could run several cooperatively multitasked DOS applications, including expanded memory ( EMS ) emulation, OS / 2 1. 3, released in 1991, was still limited to one " DOS box ".

Like most 32-bit environments, OS / 2 could not run protected-mode DOS programs using the older VCPI interface, unlike the Standard mode of Windows 3. 1 ; it only supported programs written according to DPMI.

Unlike Windows NT, OS / 2 also always gave DOS programs the possibility of masking real hardware interrupts, so any DOS program could deadlock the machine this way.

It could either run full-screen, using its own set of video drivers, or " seamlessly ," where Windows programs would appear directly on the OS / 2 desktop.

The process containing Windows was given fairly extensive access to hardware, especially video, and the result was that switching between a full-screen WinOS / 2 session and the Workplace Shell could occasionally cause issues.

To achieve true isolation between Windows 3. x programs, OS / 2 could run multiple copies of Windows in parallel.

" Blue Spine " included Windows support in its own installation, and so could support Windows applications without a Windows installation.

There are, however, OS / 2-based antivirus programs, dealing with DOS viruses and Windows viruses that could pass through an OS / 2 server.

Perhaps the leading cause was antipathy for the idea that Microsoft could and would establish a monopoly for Windows and DOS, widely deemed as far inferior to OS / 2.

On March 11, 1997, id Software released WinQuake, a version of the non-OpenGL engine designed to run under Microsoft Windows ; the original Quake had been written for DOS, allowing for launch from Windows 95, but could not run under Windows NT-based operating systems because it required direct access to hardware.