General Zeng Guofan Early during the Taiping Rebellion, Qing forces suffered a series of disastrous defeats culminating in the loss of the regional capital city of Nanjing in 1853.

In desperation the Qing court ordered a Chinese mandarin, Zeng Guofan, to organize regional () and village () militias into a standing army called tuanlian to contain the rebellion.

Prior to forming and commanding the Xiang Army, Zeng Guofan had no military experience.

* March 12 – Zeng Guofan, Zeng Guofan ( traditional Chinese: 曾國藩 ), ( b. 1811 )

* January 8 – Taiping Rebellion: Zeng Guofan is ordered to assist the governor of Hunan in organising a militia force to search for local bandits.

** Zeng Guofan, Chinese official and military leader

To further reward Yuan's loyalty to the court, the Empress Dowager Longyu offered Yuan the noble title Marquis of the First Rank ( 一等侯 ), an honour only previously given to General Zeng Guofan.

Ultimately, it was a Hunanese army under Zeng Guofan who marched into Nanjing to put down the uprising in 1864.

The New Armies moved beyond the personalized recruitment and patronage of Zeng Guofan and Zuo Zongtang, which had been successful in the mid-century uprisings, but seemed discredited in the face of modern armies in Japan and the West.

His service to the imperial cause attracted the attention of Zeng Guofan, the generalissimo in command.

Xianfeng dispatched several prominent mandarins, like Zeng Guofan, and Imperial relatives, like the Mongol general Sengge Rinchen, to crush the rebellions, but they only obtained limited success.

The concern with " self-strengthening " 自强 of China was expressed by Feng Guifen ( 1809-1874 ) in a series of essays presented by him to Zeng Guofan in 1861.

This program was spearheaded by regional leaders like Zeng Guofan who, employing Yung Wing, established the Shanghai arsenal, Li Hongzhang who built the Nanking and Tientsin Arsenal, Zuo Zongtang who constructed the Fuzhou Dockyard.

* Zeng Guofan

It was at Hanlin where he changed his name to Zeng Guofan, which sounded more prestigious.

Chinese author Tang Haoming published in 1992 his three-book trilogy Zeng Guofan, a novelization of Zeng's life during and after the Taiping Rebellion.

When the Taiping Rebellion broke out in 1850, Zuo, then 38 years old, was hired as an advisor to Zeng Guofan, the governor of Hunan.

In August 1864, Zuo, together with Zeng Guofan, dethroned the Taiping teenage king, Hong Tianguifu, and brought an end to the rebellion.

He, Zeng Guofan and Li Hongzhang were called Zeng, Zuo, Li, the leaders in suppressing the rebellion.

Among its prominent students are Wang Fuzhi, a celebrated philosopher in Chinese history ; Wei Yuan, a reformist who first advocated the idea of learning from the West ; Zeng Guofan, the first Chinese to initiate the Modernization Movement ( at the time called Yangwu Yundong, movement of emulate of oversea scitech and industry ) and to make arrangements for a modern factory in China ; Zuo Zongtang, a national hero who arranged to build China ’ s first navy and took great pains to defend and develop Xinjiang ; Guo Songtao, China ’ s first ambassador to a foreign country ; Cai E, a major leader in defending the Republic of China ; the first Chinese to set foot on the continent of Antarctica ; and Ci Yungui, the chief designer of China's first super computer.

Zeng Gong (, 1019 – 1083 ), courtesy name Zigu ( 子固 ), was a Chinese scholar and historian of the Song Dynasty in China.

Zengzi ( Tsang ) (, 505 BC – 436 BC ), born Zeng Shen ( 曾參 ), courtesy name Ziyu ( 子輿 ), was a Chinese philosopher and student of Confucius.

The population migrations around 1200 – 1100 BC reduced the shipping of tin around the Mediterranean ( and from Great Britain ), limiting supplies and raising prices. Bianzhong of Marquis Yi of Zeng, Spring and Autumn Period ( 476BC-221BC ) As ironworking improved, iron became cheaper ; and as cultures advanced from wrought iron to forged iron, they learned how to make steel, which is stronger than bronze and holds a sharper edge longer.

The handheld pistol-and-trigger crossbow was invented in China in the 4th century BC ; it was written by the Song Dynasty scholars Zeng Gongliang, Ding Du, and Yang Weide in their book Wujing Zongyao ( 1044 AD ) that massed missile fire by crossbowmen was the most effective defense against enemy cavalry charges.

* 1044: the Chinese Wujing Zongyao, written by Zeng Gongliang and Yang Weide, is the first book to describe gunpowder formulas ; it also described their use in warfare, such as blackpowder-impregnated fuses for flamethrowers.

*** Zeng Qinghong 曾慶紅 / 曾庆红 ( 1939 -; Ji ' an, Jiangxi ; Hakka pronunciation: Tsen Khin Fung ), Vice-President, People's Republic of China, 2003 – 2008 ; Was second in ranking after Hu Jintao in the fourth generation leadership

#* Significance: Hu Jintao's Scientific Development Concept is entrenched in the party's constitution as an official guiding ideology ; Vice-President Zeng Qinghong retires.

As a youth, Zeng was notorious for living drunkenly and even experimenting with opium ; choices he would later renounce as he became an ardent military man.

* Zeng Jinyan 曾金燕-Human rights activist, one of the Time 100, 2007 ; wife of Hu Jia, recipient of the Sakharov Prize for Freedom of Thought in 2008.

Along with him were Wu Bangguo, member of the Politburo of the Communist Party of China and Vice-Premier ; Zeng Qinghong, alternate member of the Politburo and member of the Secretariat of the Communist Party of China Central Committee ; Yu Yongbo, member of the Central Military Commission and director of the People's Liberation Army's General Political Department ; and Cao Gangchuan, member of the Central Military Commission and director of the People's Liberation Army's General Armament Department.

He stated that the real enemy was the Qing government ; if the Taiping army could achieve victory over the Qing army led by Zeng Guofan, then the westerners might take side with the Taiping Kingdom.

The main parties involved in the feast were seated in the following arrangement: Xiang Yu and Xiang Bo faced east ; Fan Zeng faced south ; Liu Bang faced north ; Zhang Liang faced west.

The Zeng patriarch, Zeng Nong, decides to come a truce with Liangshan and Song Jiang names his conditions ; hand over Shi Wengong and Yu Baosi and the horses.

# King Jingmin of Wei ( 魏景湣王 ), personal name Zeng ( 增 ) or Wu ( 午 ), son of King Anxi, ( 243 – 228 BCE )

* The family name Zeng (< big ></ big >), a family name in China, Taiwan, and Hong Kong, transcribed based on Cantonese.

The Xiang Army and its successor, the Huai Army ( 淮軍 ), created by Zeng Guofan's colleague and student Li Hongzhang, were collectively called the " Yongying " ().

The earliest extant Chinese transverse flute is a chi ( 篪 ) flute discovered in the Tomb of Marquis Yi of Zeng at the Suizhou site, Hubei province, China.

An earlier lacquerware chest found in the Tomb of Marquis Yi of Zeng ( interred in 433 BC ) contains a complete list of the names of the twenty-eight mansions.

* 433 BC ( or later ): Burial of Marquis Yi of Zeng in China.

* The Chinese Marquis Yi of Zeng is buried ( approximate date ) with lavish tomb items including a 65 set of bronze bells ( bianzhong ) with five octave musical scale and two musical tones that can be produced by each bell.

* A set of sixty-five bells, from the Tomb of Marquis Yi of Zeng ( Zhou dynasty ) in Suixian, Hubei, is made.

Whiled the term zither is mentioned in Daniel during the Jewish exile of 606 BC, the earliest known instrument of the zither family is a Chinese guqin fretless instrument, found in the tomb of Marquis Yi of Zeng dating from 433 BC.

Ancient instruments with gourd wind chambers, varying numbers of pipes, with bamboo or metal reeds have been discovered in archaeological finds at the tomb of the Marquis Yi of Zeng ( c. 433 BC ) in present-day Hubei province, and the Han tombs at Mawangdui ( c. 2nd century BC ) in Hunan province.

In 1978 a complete ceremonial set of 65 zhong bells was found in a near-perfect state of preservation during the excavation of the tomb of Marquis Yi, ruler of Zeng, one of the Warring States.

Bronze bells from the Tomb of Marquis Yi of Zeng, dated 433 BC, State of Chu.

The year before he died, Marquis Yi of Zeng died, so he made a commemorative bell and attended the Marquis's funeral at Suizhou.

* Tomb of Marquis Yi of Zeng

The largest set ever recorded was exhumed from the tomb of Marquis Yi of the State of Zeng, Zeng-hou Yi ( from sometime after 433 BC ) in Hubei province.

# REDIRECT Tomb of Marquis Yi of Zeng

* Tomb of Marquis Yi of Zeng, from some 800 years later, the other major royal tomb found intact from this period in China.