* The. NET Framework is built on the Common Language Runtime, Microsoft's commercial implementation of the CLI for desktop and server systems, and also encompasses a large collection of programming frameworks and libraries.

Work on expert systems ( computer software designed to provide an answer to a problem, or clarify uncertainties where normally one or more human experts would need to be consulted ) typically is grounded on the premise that expertise is based on acquired repertoires of rules and frameworks for decision making which can be elicited as the basis for computer supported judgment and decision-making.

Film theory is an academic discipline that aims to explore the essence of the cinema and provides conceptual frameworks for understanding film's relationship to reality, the other arts, individual viewers, and society at large.

CONCAUSA is a cooperative plan of action to promote clean, efficient energy use ; conserve the region's biodiversity ; strengthen legal and institutional frameworks and compliance mechanisms ; and improve and harmonize environmental protection standards.

For contraint frameworks which are strictly compositional, graph unification is the sufficient satisfiability and combination function.

The Visigoths tended to maintain more of the old Roman institutions, and they had a unique respect for legal codes that resulted in continuous frameworks and historical records for most of the period between 415, when Visigothic rule in Spain began, and 711, when it is traditionally said to end.

* Hot spot, an area which is customized by users in software frameworks

JUnit has been important in the development of test-driven development, and is one of a family of unit testing frameworks collectively known as xUnit that originated with SUnit.

This view of language is associated with the study of language in pragmatic, cognitive and interactional frameworks, as well as in socio-linguistics and linguistic anthropology.

Learning theories are conceptual frameworks that describe how information is absorbed, processed, and retained during learning.

Better integration with Mac OS X's application frameworks is provided by APIs layered on top of CGL: AGL for Carbon and NSOpenGL for Cocoa.

A significant development, that has spread across all current Smalltalk environments, is the increasing usage of two web frameworks, Seaside and AIDA / Web, to simplify the building of complex web applications.

If contrasted with theology in this way, religious studies is normally seen as requiring the bracketing of the question of the truth of the religious traditions studied, and as involving the study of the historical or contemporary practices or ideas those traditions using intellectual tools and frameworks that are not themselves specifically tied to any religious tradition, and that are normally understood to be neutral or secular.

The aim is to contribute to the development and strengthening of health services policy frameworks and management actions, particularly for people in developing countries, and to support implementation of promotive and preventive approach to human health

Vorbis is also supported in the multi-platform audio editing software Audacity, in the multi-platform multimedia frameworks FFmpeg, GStreamer and Helix DNA.

Modern batch applications make use of modern batch frameworks such as Spring Batch, which is written for Java, and other frameworks for other programming languages, to provide the fault tolerance and scalability required for high-volume processing.

Reality can be defined in a way that links it to world views or parts of them ( conceptual frameworks ): Reality is the totality of all things, structures ( actual and conceptual ), events ( past and present ) and phenomena, whether observable or not.

However, one of the essential ingredients in ensuring that the life sciences continue to generate great benefits and do not become subject to misuse for hostile purposes is a process of engagement between scientists and the security community and the development of strong ethical and normative frameworks to compliment legal and regulatory measures that are being developed by states.

Descriptive relativism is a widespread position in academic fields such as anthropology and sociology, which simply admit that it is incorrect to assume that the same moral or ethical frameworks are always in play in all historical and cultural circumstances.

* FFmpeg MPEG-4: Included in the open-source libavcodec codec library, which is used by default for decoding or encoding in many open-source video players, frameworks, editors and encoding tools such as MPlayer, VLC, ffdshow or GStreamer.

As the Great Artesian Basin underlies parts of Queensland, New South Wales, South Australia and the Northern Territory, which each operate under different legislative frameworks, policies and resource management approaches, a coordinated " whole-of-Basin " approach to the management of this important natural resource is required.

Once memory theories like the Atkinson-Shiffrin memory model and Baddeley's working memory model were established as a theoretical framework in cognitive psychology, new cognitive frameworks of learning began to emerge during the 1970s, 80s, and 90s.

Apple's Cocoa framework ( and related frameworks, such as Core Foundation ) use manual reference counting, much like COM.

Thus, the term " MVC " in the context of Squeak refers to both one of the available user interface frameworks and the pattern the framework follows.

A computing platform includes a hardware architecture and a software framework ( including application frameworks ), where the combination allows software, particularly application software, to run.

Factory methods are common in toolkits and frameworks, where library code needs to create objects of types that may be subclassed by applications using the framework.

Drupal is also described as a web application framework, as it meets the generally accepted feature requirements for such frameworks.

Although the concept of neo-colonialism was originally developed within a Marxist theoretical framework and is generally employed by the political left, the term " neo-colonialism " is also used within other theoretical frameworks.

One type of primary framework is natural frameworks, which identifies situations that happened in the natural world, and is completely physical with no human influences.

Developers usually use object-oriented programming techniques to implement frameworks such that the unique parts of an application can simply inherit from pre-existing classes in the framework.

The use of web application frameworks can often reduce the number of errors in a program, both by making the code simpler, and by allowing one team to concentrate on the framework while another focuses on a specified use case.

In recent years, some of the Linux distributions have begun using the gnome-screensaver or kscreensaver screen-blanking frameworks by default instead of the framework included with XScreenSaver.

The column is based on a central rectangular framework, with adjacent frameworks for the refectory and altar.

Constitutional economics is the study of the compatibility of economic and financial decisions within existing constitutional law frameworks, and such a framework includes government spending on the judiciary which in many transitional and developing countries is completely controlled by the executive.

Although Struts is a well-documented, mature, and popular framework for building front ends to Java applications, there are other frameworks categorized as " lightweight " MVC frameworks such as Spring MVC, Stripes, Wicket, Play !, and Tapestry.

The development of Specification languages and problem solving methods of knowledge based systems. Over the past few years the modeling frameworks that became prominent within Knowledge engineering are Common KADS, MIKE ( Model-based and Incremental knowledge engineering ) and PROTÉGÉ-II. PROTÉGÉ-II is a modeling framework influenced by the concept of ‘ Ontology ’.

It is perhaps the best known of several such frameworks ( it is the most widely adopted performance management framework reported in the annual survey of management tools undertaken by Bain & Company, and has been widely adopted in English-speaking western countries and Scandinavia in the early 1990s ).

These software development frameworks are often bound to some kind of organization, which further develops, supports the use, and promotes the methodology framework.

It is a common experience, when the scenarios finally emerge, for the participants to be startled by the insight they offer-as to what the general shape of the future might be-at this stage it no longer is a theoretical exercise but becomes a genuine framework ( or rather set of alternative frameworks ) for dealing with that.

Other frameworks such as COBIT and ITIL touch on security issues, but are mainly geared toward creating a governance framework for information and IT more generally.

The general structure of the GFAC has also been included in the ISO standard 10181-3 Security frameworks for open systems: Access control framework and into the OpenGroup standard Authorization ( AZN ) API.

Less obvious are the ways the original Zachman framework has stimulated the development of other enterprise architecture frameworks, such as in the NIST Enterprise Architecture Model, the C4ISR AE, the DOE AE, and the DoDAF:

The Operational Risk Management framework should include identification, measurement, monitoring, reporting, control and mitigation frameworks for Operational Risk.

Supported technologies and frameworks: JSP, JSF, EJB, Ajax, Google Web Toolkit, Struts, Struts 2, JBoss Seam, Spring, Hibernate / JPA, Web Services, Ruby on Rails, Grails ( framework ), Java ME MIDP / CLDC, OSGi, Android, Tapestry, Google App Engine, FreeMarker, Velocity, Django, Play.