In ancient China, large canals for river transport were established as far back as the Warring States ( 481 – 221 BC ), the longest one of that period being the Hong Gou ( Canal of the Wild Geese ), which according to the ancient historian Sima Qian connected the old states of Song, Zhang, Chen, Cai, Cao, and Wei.

* Zhang Hong, minister for Eastern Wu during the Three Kingdoms ( d. 212 )

* Zhang Hong, minister under Sun Quan

Sun Jian and Sun Ce's most senior officers, such as Zhou Yu, Zhang Zhao, Zhang Hong, and Cheng Pu remained loyal ; in fact it was mentioned in Romance of the Three Kingdoms that Sun Ce had at his deathbed reminded Sun Quan that " in internal matters, consult Zhang Zhao, in external matters, consult Zhou Yu.

) He listened carefully to his mother Lady Wu's encouraging words, and greatly trusted Zhang Zhao and Zhang Hong with regard to civilian affairs and Zhou Yu, Cheng Pu, and Lü Fan with regard to military matters.

Among the international players were China's Sun Wen, Pu Wei, Fan Yunjie, Zhang Ouying, Gao Hong, Zhao Lihong, and Bai Jie ; Germany's Birgit Prinz, Conny Pohlers, Steffi Jones and Maren Meinert ; Norway's Hege Riise, Unni Lehn, and Dagny Mellgren ; Brazil's Sissi, Kátia and Pretinha ; and Canada's Charmaine Hooper, Sharolta Nonen, and Christine Latham.

In Hong Kong, a common practice is to combine both English and Chinese names into a single hybrid: " John Zhang Wei ".

In March 2005, it was nominated in numerous categories at the Hong Kong Film Awards, winning Best Actor ( Tony Leung ), Best Actress ( Zhang Ziyi ), Best Cinematography ( Christopher Doyle ), Best Costume Design and Make-Up, Best Art Direction, and Best Original Film Score ( Shigeru Umebayashi ).

As Sun Ce implemented strict discipline among his troops, he won the instant support of the local people and gathered many talented men, such as Chen Wu, Zhou Tai, Jiang Qin, Zhang Zhao, Zhang Hong, Qin Song, and Lü Fan.

During the Hanzhong Campaign, Ma Chao followed Zhang Fei to attack Cao Hong in Wudu.

Ma Chao and Zhang Fei attempted to trick Cao Hong into believing that they were planning to attack his rear route, but Cao Xiu saw through their ruse and advised Cao Hong to launch a counterattack.

As a consequence of Ma Chao's defeat, the Di people turned their allegiance to Cao Hong and killed Wu Lan, one of Ma Chao and Zhang Fei's subordinates.

Affected by the news of the defeat in Wuchao and rumors of Guo Tu making slanderous remarks about them, Zhang He and Gao Lan surrendered to Cao Hong and destroyed their weapons.

* Zhang Qian, Hong Kong actress.

He sent Zhang Fei and Ma Chao to lead Wu Lan ( 吳蘭 ), Lei Tong and Ren Kui ( 任夔 ) on taking Wudu Commandery, which was guarded by Cao Hong.

Zhang and Ma attempted to trick Cao Hong into believing that they were planning to attack his retreat route by overtly threatening Cao Hong's rear, but Cao Xiu saw through the ruse, and Zhang Fei's forces suffered a defeat that absolved him from continuing the campaign — Lei Tong and Ren Kui were killed in action, while Wu Lan fled to take shelter from the Di tribes, where he was subsequently killed by a Di leader, Qiangduan.

Zhang Liang advised Liu Bang to attend the Feast at Hong Gate hosted by Xiang Yu, to put Xiang off guard and dismiss Xiang's suspicions that Liu was intending to oppose him.

Together with Chen Ping, Zhang Liang suggested to Liu Bang to renounce the Treaty of Hong Canal and use the opportunity to eliminate Western Chu.

Zhou was recruited by Zhang Shenfu, whom he had met in August of the previous year in connection with Li Dazhao.

Once the army arrived, however, Gongsun Yuan betrayed them, killing Sun Quan's officials Zhang Mi ( 張彌 ) and Xu Yan ( 許晏 ), whom Sun had sent to grant the bestowments and seized their troops.

Mao's wife Jiang Qing, meanwhile, had formed an informal radical political alliance with Shanghai revolution organizer Wang Hongwen, who seems to have gained Mao's favour as a possible successor, as well as Shanghai Revolutionary Committee Chairman Zhang Chunqiao and propaganda writer Yao Wenyuan, all of whom were elevated to the Politburo by the 10th Congress.

New evidence suggests that it was actually the Whampoa clique, especially the young and extremist officers from the Blue Shirts Society, whom intended to launch military attacks against Zhang, even though He Yingqin rejected their request for military support.

When he saw the plight of Cao Cao's defeated troops and Zhang Liao, whom he befriended when he serving Cao earlier, he decided to allow Cao and his men to leave.

Liu Bei received financial contributions from two wealthy horse merchants named Zhang Shiping and Su Shuang and rallied a group of loyal followers, among whom include Guan Yu and Zhang Fei.

In addition, he proposed an alliance with Zhang Lu of Hanzhong and Ma Chao of Liang Province ( covering present-day Gansu ), whom Zhou Yu correctly predicted would soon oppose Cao Cao ( Ma Chao rebelled a year later, and Zhang Lu supported him ).

Zhang Liang proceeded to ask Gaozu whom of all his subjects he hated the most.

Ignoring state affairs, Jiajing employed incapable individuals such as Zhang Cong and Yan Song, on whom he thoroughly relied to handle affairs of state.

He has worked with major Chinese directors such as Zhang Yimou, Zhang Yuan and, most notably, Wong Kar-wai, for whom he contributed, wholly or partially, to the cinematography of all his movies from Days of Being Wild through to 2046.

After obtaining the help of the king of Dayuan, Zhang Qian went southwest to the territory of the Yuezhi, with whom he was supposed to obtain a military alliance against the Xiongnu.

When Bian Zhang and the other leaders passed from the scene, he placed Wang Guo ( 王國 ) in power with the help of his ally Ma Teng, whom he pledged a pact of brotherhood with.

As a teenager, he entered into an arranged marriage with Chen Yi, in 1915, with whom he had two children, a daughter, Zhang Yuying, and a son, Zhang Zishi.

In particular, Zhang Jiuling warned Zhang Shuo about the minister Yuwen Rong, whom Zhang Shuo did not respect but whom Emperor Xuanzong favored for his talent in gathering money for the imperial treasury.

Zhang and others, including Yang Hong, are believed to have desired to go south and submit to Sun Ce, a former officer of Yuan Shu whom Zhang had been close friends with.

Steven Zhang of the Cornell Daily Sun has described the graduates of elite schools, especially those in the Ivy League, of having a " smug sense of success " because they believe " gaining entrance into the Ivy League is an accomplishment unto itself.

These include Zhang Zhongjing, Hua Tuo, Sun Simiao, Tao Hongjing, Zhang Jiegu, and Li Shizhen.

In addition to documenting about 2, 500 stars in his extensive star catalogue, Zhang also posited theories about the Moon and its relationship to the Sun ; specifically, he discussed the Moon's sphericity, its illumination by reflecting sunlight on one side and remaining dark on the other, and the nature of solar and lunar eclipses.

* Zhang Liao holds off Sun Quan's invasion force at the siege of Hefei.

Initially, Sun Quan mourned his brother's death so much that he could do nothing, but at Zhang Zhao's behest, he dressed himself in military uniform and set out to visit the commanderies under his brother's control.

Many of Sun Ce's subordinates thought that Sun Quan was too young to sustain Sun Ce's domain and wanted to leave, but Zhang Zhao and Zhou Yu saw special qualities in the young man and chose to stay to serve Sun Quan.

With the help of several people, such as Zhang Zhao and Zhou Yu, Sun Ce managed to lay down the foundation of the state of Eastern Wu during the Three Kingdoms period.

Sun Ce in turn agreed to marry Sun Ben's daughter to Cao Cao's son Cao Zhang.

The author of Zhan Guo Ce has not yet been verified: it is generally deemed, after Zhang Xincheng, that the book was not written by a single author at one time.

His fame as a scholar spread, and on the advice of Zhou Yu, Sun Ce personally invited Zhang Zhao to serve him as an advisor.

Zhang's proficiency in administrating civilian affairs was impressive, as before Sun Ce died, he told his successor Sun Quan, " Consult Zhang Zhao on internal affairs and Zhou Yu on external affairs.

Sun Ce quickly advanced and defeated Liu without bloodshed, and having lost possession of the Yuan family, Liu fled north to serve Cao Cao, taking Zhang Xun with him.

In the days of Sun Ce, Zhang Hong was often responsible for writing memorials and essays to Emperor Xian and Cao Cao.