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Zhang and Shijie
* March – Zhang Shijie, Chinese admiral and official
In 1277, when Fuzhou fell to the Mongols, the exiled dynasty fled to Quanzhou, where Zhang Shijie, the Grand General of Song, hoped to borrow boats to continue their flight.
Zhang Shijie decided to build a vast fleet with what remained, to allow the Song court and soldiers to move from place to place until the situation improved.
Zhang Shijie brought the new emperor to Yamen and prepared the defense against Yuan there.
Zhang Shijie turned down this suggestion in order to prevent his soldiers from fleeing the battle.
Zhang Shijie ordered about 1000 warships to be chained together, forming a long string within the bay, and placed Emperor Huaizong's boat in the center of his fleet.
Zhang Hongfan even kidnapped Zhang Shijie's nephew, asking Zhang Shijie to surrender on three occasions, to no avail.
Seeing that the battle was lost, Zhang Shijie picked out his finest soldiers and cut about a dozen ships from the formation in an attempted breakout to save the emperor.
Zhang Shijie, having escaped the battle, hoped to have Dowager Yang appoint the next Song emperor, and from there continue to resist the Yuan Dynasty.
Many temples were built in the surrounding area in memory of those who lost their lives in the dying years of the Song Dynasty, including Wen Tianxiang, Lu Xiufu and Zhang Shijie.
He is considered one of three heroes of the Song's last years, alongside Lu Xiufu and Zhang Shijie.

Zhang and buried
According to legend, during the Lü Clan Disturbance, Zhang Liang moved to Mount Baiyun at the southwest of Donghun County ( present-day Lankao County, Henan ), and was buried there after his death.
Zhang Liang was buried at Dragon Head Plains ( 龍首原 ) after his death.
" He was then executed by Liu Bei and buried with full honours for his loyalty to Liu Zhang.
Empress Zhang died in 163 BC and was buried with her husband of merely four years.
Instead, she was buried with full imperial honors, with her husband Emperor Zhang.

Zhang and her
Zhang fantasized about her in his " Rhapsody on Contemplating the Mystery " ( 思玄賦 ), yet the pleasures of the flesh and immortality that she could offer were not tempting enough to sway his heart which was set elsewhere.
The members consisted of Mao Zedong's last wife Jiang Qing, the leading figure of the group, and her close associates Zhang Chunqiao, Yao Wenyuan, and Wang Hongwen.
The group was led by Jiang Qing, and consisted of three of her close associates, Zhang Chunqiao, Yao Wenyuan, and Wang Hongwen.
She reportedly had an affair with director, Zhang Min, however she denied it in her autobiographical writings.
* The Road Home ( 1999 film ), a Chinese film directed by Zhang Yimou, featuring Zhang Ziyi in her film debut
Thus, on 14 December 1936, Madam Chiang sent her Australian adviser, William Henry Donald, who had previously been Zhang ’ s adviser ( and had helped him overcome opium addiction ), to Xi ' an for negotiation.
Leung Chiu-wai continues his string of outstanding roles, while pop singer Wong achieves a gravity missing from her earlier work ... it's Zhang who is the real surprise here ... her performance puts her on a level with the world's best actresses.
Cao Cao presented her to Yan Pu after Zhang Lu surrendered.
In 191 BC, at Lü Zhi's insistence, Emperor Hui married his niece Zhang Yan ( Princess Yuan of Lu's daughter ) and made her empress.
Her first step was to install her maternal grandson Zhang Yan ( 張偃 ; Princess Yuan of Lu's son, Empress Zhang Yan's brother ) as the Prince of Lu.
Lady Sun wanted to bring the young Liu Shan along with her, but Zhao Yun and Zhang Fei stopped her on the Yangtze River and retrieved their lord's son.
After the ghost of Dou E revealed the injustice to her father-Dou Tianzhang ( 竇天章 ), who eventually became a liangjunliefangshi inspector ( 兩淮廉訪使 )-Inspector Dou killed the corrupt officials and Zhang Lür.
During that time, Zhang Fei and Zhao Yun filibustered Lady Sun from bringing Liu Bei's young son, Liu Shan, with her back to Sun Quan's territory.
Zhang Fei married her and they had a daughter, who became Empress Jing ' ai of Shu.
Empress Lü became worried and asked Zhang Liang to help her son keep his position.
The officials, including Chen Ping and Zhou Bo ( 周勃 ), who would later overthrow the Lü clan after the deaths of both Emperor Hui and Empress Dowager Lü, claimed that Emperor Hui had no sons — but that Empress Zhang, at Empress Dowager Lü's instigation, stole eight boys from other people, put their mothers to death, and made the children her own.
Modern historians have split opinions on the issue, but largely believe that the boys were actually Emperor Hui's sons by concubines and that Empress Zhang did indeed put their mothers to death and make them her own children.
( As, for example, Bo Yang pointed out, it would be logically incongruent, if Empress Zhang did steal these children from elsewhere, for her to put only the mothers but not the fathers to death.
Cao Fang was forced to depose Empress Zhang ( Zhang Ji's daughter ) and replace her with Empress Wang.

Zhang and at
The Treatise on Cold Damage Disorders and Miscellaneous Illnesses was collated by Zhang Zhongjing sometime between 196 and 220 CE, at the end of the Han dynasty.
In his 1341 poem, The Iron Cannon Affair, one of the first accounts of the use of gunpowder artillery in China, Xian Zhang wrote that a cannonball fired from an eruptor could " pierce the heart or belly when it strikes a man or horse, and can even transfix several persons at once.
Hergé agreed, and in the spring of 1934 Gosset introduced him to Chang Chong-jen ( Zhang Chongren ), a young sculpture student at the Brussels Académie Royale des Beaux-Arts.
A short story appearing in Zhang Zhuo's ( 660-741 ) Tang anthology shows how the deity had been venerated in Shaolin from at least the eighth century.
The first organized form of Taoism, the Tianshi ( Celestial Masters ') school ( later known as Zhengyi school ), developed from the Five Pecks of Rice movement at the end of the 2nd century AD ; the latter had been founded by Zhang Daoling, who claimed that Laozi appeared to him in the year 142.
When he returned, the astrologer recognised it as the shuttle of the Weaving Girl ( Vega ), and, moreover, said that at the time Zhang received the shuttle, he had seen a wandering star interpose itself between the Weaving Girl and the cow herd.
A 2nd-century Lacquerware | lacquer-painted scene on a basket box showing famous figures from Chinese history who were paragons of filial piety ; Zhang Heng became well-versed at an early age in the Five Classics | Chinese classics and the philosophy of China's earlier sages.
When Bao De was recalled to the capital in 111, to serve as a minister of finance, Zhang continued his literary work at home in Xi ' e.
Zhang Heng began his studies in astronomy at the age of thirty, and began publishing his works in astronomy and mathematics.
When he was nominated to serve at the capital, Zhang was escorted by carriage — a symbol of his official status — to Luoyang, where he became a court gentleman working for the Imperial Secretariat.
In addition to recording heavenly observations and portents, preparing the calendar, and reporting which days were auspicious or not, Zhang was also in charge of an advanced literacy test for all candidates of the Imperial Secretariat and Censorate ( who were expected to know at least 9, 000 Chinese characters and all major writing styles ).
Liu Zhen and Liu Taotu were Zhang's only historian allies at court, and after their deaths Zhang had no further opportunities for promotion to the prestigious post of court historian.
Zhang enjoyed a short period of retirement at his home in Xi ' e, Nanyang, before being called back to the capital, where he died in 139.
Rafe de Crespigny, Tong Xiao, and David R. Knechtges claim that Zhang wrote this as an innuendo hinting at his inability to keep in contact with the emperor, hindered by unworthy rivals and petty men.
Zhang Jue dies due to illness, his brothers Zhang Bao and Zhang Liang are defeated at Guanzhong.
Combining Hobson's activation synthesis hypothesis with Solms ' findings, the continual-activation theory of dreaming presented by Jie Zhang proposes that dreaming is a result of brain activation and synthesis ; at the same time, dreaming and REM sleep are controlled by different brain mechanisms.
Lin delivered the keynote address at the Congress: a document drafted by hardliner leftists Yao Wenyuan and Zhang Chunqiao under Mao's guidance.
The attacks on Zhang found favour with many attendees at the Plenum, and may have been construed by Mao as an indirect attack on the Cultural Revolution itself.
* Zhang Liao holds off Sun Quan's invasion force at the siege of Hefei.
So he would rather ignore the discontent and anger among Chinese people at his policy of compromise with the Japanese, and ordered KMT Generals Zhang Xueliang and Yang Hucheng to carry out suppression of the CPC and their provincial forces suffered significant casualties in battles with the Red Army. ref "
Zhang had taken a different route of evacuation, and arrived at Lianghekou with 84, 000 troops in relatively good condition.
Sun Jian and Sun Ce's most senior officers, such as Zhou Yu, Zhang Zhao, Zhang Hong, and Cheng Pu remained loyal ; in fact it was mentioned in Romance of the Three Kingdoms that Sun Ce had at his deathbed reminded Sun Quan that " in internal matters, consult Zhang Zhao, in external matters, consult Zhou Yu.

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