The judge in the Dover trial wrote " By defining irreducible complexity in the way that he has, Professor Behe attempts to exclude the phenomenon of exaptation by definitional fiat, ignoring as he does so abundant evidence which refutes his argument.

Notably, the NAS has rejected Professor Behe ’ s claim for irreducible complexity ..."

* " Professor Behe admitted in " Reply to My Critics " that there was a defect in his view of irreducible complexity because, while it purports to be a challenge to natural selection, it does not actually address " the task facing natural selection.

* " By defining irreducible complexity in the way that he has, Professor Behe attempts to exclude the phenomenon of exaptation by definitional fiat, ignoring as he does so abundant evidence which refutes his argument.

Notably, the NAS has rejected Professor Behe ’ s claim for irreducible complexity ..." ( Page 75 )

Professor Behe has applied the concept of irreducible complexity to only a few select systems: ( 1 ) the bacterial flagellum ; ( 2 ) the blood-clotting cascade ; and ( 3 ) the immune system.

Contrary to Professor Behe ’ s assertions with respect to these few biochemical systems among the myriad existing in nature, however, Dr. Miller presented evidence, based upon peer-reviewed studies, that they are not in fact irreducibly complex.

* "... on cross-examination, Professor Behe was questioned concerning his 1996 claim that science would never find an evolutionary explanation for the immune system.

* " We therefore find that Professor Behe ’ s claim for irreducible complexity has been refuted in peer-reviewed research papers and has been rejected by the scientific community at large.

We will now consider the purportedly “ positive argument ” for design encompassed in the phrase used numerous times by Professors Behe and Minnich throughout their expert testimony, which is the “ purposeful arrangement of parts .” Professor Behe summarized the argument as follows: We infer design when we see parts that appear to be arranged for a purpose.

Expert testimony revealed that this inductive argument is not scientific and as admitted by Professor Behe, can never be ruled out.

When her brother Winslow became a student at Brown University in 1874, she wrote him about a course in history he was taking under Professor Diman: `` What is Prof. Diman's definition of civilization, and take the world through, is its progress ever onward, or does it retrograde at times??

" One of the few strips ever taken seriously by students of American culture ," wrote Professor Berger, " Li ' l Abner is worth studying ... because of Capp's imagination and artistry, and because of the strip's very obvious social relevance.

Classics Professor G. P. Goold at University College, wrote of Housman's scholarly accomplishments: " The legacy of Housman's scholarship is a thing of permanent value ; and that value consists less in obvious results, the establishment of general propositions about Latin and the removal of scribal mistakes, than in the shining example he provides of a wonderful mind at work ....

More recently, William D. Rubinstein, Professor of Modern History at Aberystwyth University, Wales, wrote that Conservative politician and pro-Zionist Leo Amery, as Assistant Secretary to the British war cabinet in 1917, was the main author of the Balfour Declaration.

A fellow left-wing historian, she wrote studies on women in the Chartist movement, and of Queen Victoria ( subtitled ' Gender and Power '); she was Professor of History at the University of Birmingham.

Upon moving to become Professor of Clinical Psychiatry at the University of Munich in 1903, Kraepelin increasingly wrote on social policy issues.

" Michel De Coster, Professor at the Université de Liège wrote also: " The historians and the economists say that Belgium was the second industrial power of the world, in proportion to its population and its territory (...) But this rank is the one of Wallonia where the coal-mines, the blast furnaces, the iron and zinc factories, the wool industry, the glass industry, the weapons industry ... were concentrated "

In a review of Jerzy Kosiński: A Biography by James Park Sloan, D. G. Myers, Associate Professor of English at Texas A & M University wrote " For years Kosinski passed off The Painted Bird as the true story of his own experience during the Holocaust.

Professor Ginzberg wrote 406 articles and several monograph-length entries for the Jewish Encyclopedia ( Levy 2002 ), some later collected in his Legend and Lore.

Professor of classics at Auckland University, E. M. Blaiklock, wrote: " For accuracy of detail, and for evocation of atmosphere, Luke stands, in fact, with Thucydides.

In a 2002 review article in the American Journal of Psychiatry, Professor Joseph B. Martin, Dean of Harvard Medical School and a neurologist by training, wrote that " the separation of the two categories is arbitrary, often influenced by beliefs rather than proven scientific observations.

Professor of chemistry and natural history, Edward Hitchcock also studied and wrote on natural theology.

To Pius XII, science and religion were heavenly sisters, different manifestations of divine exactness, who could not possibly contradict each other over the long term Regarding their relation, his advisor Professor Robert Leiber wrote: " Pius XII was very careful not to close any doors prematurely.

Dr. James Hirabayashi, Professor Emeritus and former Dean of Ethnic Studies at San Francisco State University, wrote an article in 1994 in which he stated that he wonders why euphemistic terms used to describe camps such as Manzanar are still being used.

Hans Daalder, Professor of political science at the Rijksuniversiteit Leiden wrote: " Did such simultaneous developments not result in a possible failure to lay down the limits of the royal prerogratives with some precision-which implied that the view of the King as the Keeper of the Nation, with rights and duties of its own, retained legitimacy?

Historians have searched for superlatives to describe him, as in the case of Professor Donald Detwiler, who wrote:

Professor Robert DiYanni, in his book " Literature-Reading Fiction, Poetry, Drama and the Essay " wrote: " Rhetoricians have catalogued more than 250 different figures of speech, expressions or ways of using words in a nonliteral sense.

In 1959 Sykes wrote and directed the one-off BBC special Gala Opening, with a cast that included ' Professor ' Stanley Unwin and Hattie Jacques, and played a small supporting role in the Tommy Steele film Tommy the Toreador.

Donald Cameron Watt, Emeritus Professor of Modern History at the London School of Economics, wrote that he admires some of Irving's work as a historian, though he rejects his conclusions about the Holocaust.

Professor Ian Parrott, former vice-president of the Elgar Society, in his book on Elgar ( Master Musicians, 1971 ) wrote that the " dark saying ", and possibly the whole of the Enigma, had a biblical source, 1 Corinthians 13: 12, which reads according to the Authorised Version of the Bible: " For now we see through a glass, darkly ( enigmate in the Latin of the Vulgate ); but then face to face: now I know in part ; but then shall I know even as also I am known.

* Archibald Henderson ( 1877 – 1963 ), Professor of mathematics who wrote on many subjects

One left-wing critic is Professor Michael Mandel, who wrote that in comparison to politicians, judges do not have to be as sensitive to the will of the electorate, nor do they have to make sure their decisions are easily understandable to the average Canadian citizen.

Furthermore, Professor Bain gave lectures and wrote papers for the Mechanics ' Institutes of Aberdeen and served as the Secretary of its Committee.

Members of the board of trustees hoped that Dr. Cowles would " place the highest value upon Christian culture " ( 67 ), as said by Professor Boyd, a former contender for the presidency of Elmira College.

He made rapid progress but he still hoped to become a singer ; whilst staying with friends at Freiburg he was heard by the well-known voice teacher Professor Carl Beines, who encouraged him to sing more quietly and promised a good career as a Mozart tenor.

Professor Zoom is released from Iron Heights by Captain Boomerang, who had hoped to better understand his version of the Entity's message.

He hoped to succeed Rayleigh as Cavendish Professor of Physics in 1884, but was surprisingly ( given that he was also Rayleigh's choice ) passed over in favour of Sir J. J. Thomson, which was a great disappointment to him.

In 1896 David went to the Pacific atoll of Funafuti as part of an expedition under Professor William Sollas of Oxford in order to take borings which it was hoped would settle the question of the formation of coral atolls.

Her longtime crush, Professor Claude Night, comes in, criticizes her dissertation topic, and tells her that he is taking a job at Oxford University that she had hoped to secure.

* Leslie Geddes ( deceased )- Professor Emeritus at Purdue University, electrical engineer, inventor, and educator of over 2000 biomedical engineers, received a National Medal of Technology in 2006 from President George Bush for his more than 50 years of contributions that have spawned innovations ranging from burn treatments to miniature defibrillators, ligament repair to tiny blood pressure monitors for premature infants, as well as a new method for performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation ( CPR ).

* Philip Hanawalt-Hertzstein Professor of Biology and Dermatology, discovered transcription coupled repair of DNA.

However, incidents within the show have at different times implied the Minnow has either a gasoline engine, as in an episode where the Professor is trying to make spark plugs for the engine out of sea shells, or a diesel engine, as in a scene where, after the castaways use home-made glue to repair the boat, all its boards spring off, revealing what appears to be such an engine.