* Collapse by Jared Diamond, which details the historic deforestation of Easter Island along with other accounts of how societies collapse or succeed

soil pollution from toxic chemicals such as DDT ; energy blockade, the result of conflict with Azerbaijan, has led to deforestation when citizens scavenged for firewood ; pollution of Hrazdan ( Razdan ) and Araks Rivers ; the draining of Sevana Lich ( Lake Sevan ), a result of its use as a source for hydropower, threatens drinking water supplies ; restart of Metsamor nuclear power plant without adequate ( IAEA-recommended ) safety and backup systems

The demand for wood has resulted in deforestation and desertification.

The main reason for such high deforestation levels is to make plains for cattle ranching.

poaching threatens wildlife populations ( for example, the Painted Hunting Dog, Lycaon pictus is now considered extinct in the Congo due to human overpopulation and poaching ); water pollution ; deforestation ( chiefly due to land conversion to agriculture by indigenous farmers ); refugees responsible for significant deforestation, soil erosion, and wildlife poaching ; mining of minerals ( coltan — a mineral used in creating capacitors, diamonds, and gold ) causing environmental damage

Subsistence farming is responsible for 48 % of deforestation ; commercial agriculture is responsible for 32 % of deforestation ; logging is responsible for 14 % of deforestation and fuel wood removals make up 5 % of deforestation.

Tropical deforestation is responsible for approximately 20 % of world greenhouse gas emissions.

According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change deforestation, mainly in tropical areas, could account for up to one-third of total anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions.

People use slash-and-burn deforestation to clear land for agriculture.

The idea consists in providing financial compensations for the reduction of greenhouse gas ( GHG ) emissions from deforestation and forest degradation ".

For example, Madagascar's central highland plateau has become virtually totally barren ( about ten percent of the country ), as a result of slash-and-burn deforestation, an element of shifting cultivation practiced by many natives.

In recent years there has been much concern about the rapid rate of deforestation.

But recent calculations suggest that carbon dioxide emissions from deforestation and forest degradation ( excluding peatland emissions ) contribute about 12 % of total anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions with a range from 6 to 17 %.< ref > Deforestation causes carbon dioxide to linger in the atmosphere.

Scientific understanding of the process of extinction is insufficient to accurately make predictions about the impact of deforestation on biodiversity.

A 2005 report by the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization ( FAO ) estimates that although the Earth's total forest area continues to decrease at about 13 million hectares per year, the global rate of deforestation has recently been slowing.

Nepal's 2000-2005 total deforestation rate was about 1. 4 % per year meaning it lost an average of of forest annually.

He has been giving lectures at Brown University, about Brazilian economic policy, urban development, and deforestation and taught as a guest lecturer at Sciences Po in Paris .. Also, in 2007 he became a member of the editorial board of the Latin American policy publication Americas Quarterly, for which he is a regular contributor.

The forest would have affected the economies of the townships around it and it appears that the present Bourne Eau was constructed at the time of the deforestation, as the town seems to have joined in the general prosperity by about 1280.

As a result of deforestation, presently about one half of the forests that once covered the Earth have been destroyed.

As a resident of Switzerland, Prince Sadruddin was concerned about the impact of insensitive tourist development and deforestation on the European Alps.

The state is covered mostly with Amazon Rainforest, but about three-fifths of the state has been deforested since intensive settlement and logging began in the 1970s, speeding up deforestation even into current times.

The Company, worried about deforestation proceeding from the occupation foreseen in the urbanistics projects, reserved three great ecological areas within the urban limits: the Forest Horto, the Park of the Ingá and Forest II.

However, deforestation is an issue both for the loss of trees and the remaining forests ’ ability to resist fires and plagues, with about twenty percent of forested area lost in last decades of the 20th century.

From about 1217 through to the 17th century the forest went through a gradual period of deforestation.

Due to this deforestation and over-harvesting, only about 3 % of the original Longleaf Pine forest remains, and little new is planted.

As concerns about air pollution, deforestation, and climate change have increased, new efforts have been made to improve stove design.

Fonterra says it shares community concern about tropical deforestation, " which in some cases has been driven by the establishment of palm oil plantations ”.

Also during this period, group of painters that are more concerned about the reality of Indonesian society began to appear, taking inspiration from the social problem such as division between the rich and the poor, pollution, and deforestation.

In Ghana, a West African nation, deforestation from decades of mining activity left about 12 % of the country's original rainforest intact.

The sediments of the bay provide records of changes brought about by the onset of the ENSO, colonisation of NZ by Polynesians ( and associated deforestation ), subsequent deforestation by westerners, and the Taupo eruption.

Lomborg had argued in his book that claims by environmentalists about global warming, overpopulation, deforestation, and other matters are not scientifically substantiated.

The subsequent ( middle ) deposits are the product of de-glaciation and the extended run-off from the uplands about 20, 000 years ago, while the outer unit is attributed to human activities associated with pastoralism, which caused extended deforestation and soil erosion.

A colorful peacock-like long-tailed flying creature about 2 ft tall was a usual sighting too, until illegal deforestation took place in less than a decade ago.

Current environmental issues include deforestation ( Paraguay lost an estimated 20, 000 km < sup > 2 </ sup > of forest land between 1958 and 1985 ) and water pollution ( inadequate means for waste disposal present health risks for many urban residents ).

* Carbon Stocks: Carbon emissions from deforestation account for an estimated 20 % of global carbon emissions, so in protecting the worlds carbon stocks greenhouse gas emissions are reduced and longterm land cover change is prevented, which is an effective strategy in the struggle against global warming.

Almost 20 per cent of global carbon emissions are caused by deforestation, and so curbing forest loss is a critical and cost-effective way to mitigate global warming.

Since 1993, the Eritrean People ’ s Liberation Front army has been involved in tree planting ; the annual average rate of deforestation during 1990 – 2000 was 0. 3 percent.

Although nearly 40 percent of Panama is still wooded, deforestation is a continuing threat to the rain-drenched woodlands.

Within the entire country there existed extensive forestation as recently as 1900 AD ; however, there is less than one percent forested area present in the country, and this deforestation trend has been mirrored in the region.

The mean annual deforestation rate from 2000 to 2005 ( per year ) was 18 % higher than in the previous five years ( per year ).

This deforestation continues at an annual rate of. 5 % and up to 2. 9 % in urban areas.