In terms of the ratio of cargo weight a bicycle can carry to total weight, it is also an efficient means of cargo transportation.

Chile's distinctive shape — long and on average wide — makes it the longest country in the world in terms of length-to-width ratio, with the fifth lengthiest coastline at over.

The height of columns are calculated in terms of a ratio between the diameter of the shaft at its base and the height of the column.

With the writings of Théophile de Donder as precedent, Ilya Prigogine and Defay in Chemical Thermodynamics ( 1954 ) defined chemical affinity in terms of the uncompensated heat of reaction Q the reaction progress variable or reaction extent ξ ; as the ratio of their infinitesimal increments:

Further, density may be expressed in terms of weight density ( the weight of the material per unit volume ) or as a ratio of the density with the density of a common material such as air or water.

The cut-off ratio can be expressed in terms of temperature as shown below:

For signals of indefinite size, such as streaming audio and video, the compression ratio is defined in terms of uncompressed and compressed data rates instead of data sizes:

Today the consensus regarding FM is that narrow band FM is not so advantageous in terms of noise reduction, but wide band FM can bring great improvement in signal to noise ratio if the signal is stronger than a certain threshold.

In terms of the ratio of refractive indices,

The last equality expresses skewness in terms of the ratio of the third cumulant κ < sub > 3 </ sub > and the 1. 5th power of the second cumulant κ < sub > 2 </ sub >.

The amount of metallicity in a star is given in terms of the ratio of iron ( Fe ), an easily observed heavy element, to hydrogen.

Pre-emphasis is usually employed in frequency modulation or phase modulation transmitters to equalize the modulating signal drive power in terms of deviation ratio.

In quantitative terms, it is the complex ratio of the voltage to the current in an alternating current ( AC ) circuit.

It may also be defined on a logarithmic scale, in terms of the decimal logarithm of the same ratio (" dB gain ").

The earliest major philosophers to publish in English, such as Francis Bacon, Thomas Hobbes, and John Locke also routinely wrote in Latin and French, and compared their terms to Greek, treating the words " logos ", " ratio ", " raison " and " reason " as inter-changeable.

When the light or other wave involved is monochromatic, that is, of a single frequency, Snell's law can also be expressed in terms of a ratio of wavelengths in the two media, λ < sub > 1 </ sub > and λ < sub > 2 </ sub >:

To compute the concentration ratio, the firms are ranked in order of size “ usually measured in terms of sale ”, starting from the largest in the industry at the top and going down to the smallest firm at the bottom.

It is defined by body mass index ( BMI ) and further evaluated in terms of fat distribution via the waist – hip ratio and total cardiovascular risk factors.

The values of K and N depend on the rank of the coal and can be expressed in terms of ratio of fixed carbon ( FC ) to Volatile matter ( VM )

the extracellular concentration of that ion ( in moles per cubic meter, to match the other SI units, though the units strictly don't matter, as the ion concentration terms become a dimensionless ratio )

The ratio of oxidized to reduced molecules, /, is equivalent to the probability of being oxidized ( giving electrons ) over the probability of being reduced ( taking electrons ), which we can write in terms of the Boltzmann factors for these processes:

In layman's terms a ratio represents, simply, for every amount of one thing, how much there is of another thing.

However, a ratio with more than two terms cannot be completely converted into a single fraction ; a single fraction represents only one part of the ratio since a fraction can only compare two numbers.

A ratio that has integers for both quantities and that cannot be reduced any further ( using integers ) is said to be in simplest form or lowest terms.

Ultra wideband was formerly known as " pulse radio ", but the FCC and the International Telecommunication Union Radiocommunication Sector ( ITU-R ) currently define UWB in terms of a transmission from an antenna for which the emitted signal bandwidth exceeds the lesser of 500 MHz or 20 % of the center frequency.

For even smaller r, terms proportional to 1 / r < sup > 3 </ sup > become significant ; this is sometimes called the electrostatic field term and can be thought of as stemming from the electrical charge in the antenna element.

However, in many practical applications, one is interested only in effects where the distance from the antenna to the observer is very much greater than the largest dimension of the transmitting antenna, the equations describing the fields created about the antenna can be simplified by assuming a large separation and dropping all terms that provide only minor contributions to the final field.

* Antennas, Antenna theory, List of antenna terms

He recorded the signals from Sputniks I, II and III and discussed them in terms of the satellite spin, antenna polarisation, and propagation effects of the ionised medium, especially Faraday effect.

In radar-engineering terms, while the target area is in the " far field " of the illuminating antenna, it is in the " near field " of the simulated one.

The antenna efficiency is measured in terms of its effectiveness ratio.

The variable G means antenna gain ( dimensionless ) and it can be written in terms of effective aperture A to obtain the final expression considering the impedance of free space ( 376. 7Ω ) and the load as 50Ω.

In technical terms this reduces the aperture efficiency of the antenna, reducing its gain.

As the meter is defined in terms of the second, and the speed of light is constant for all observers, the terrestrial meter appears to change in length compared to the " planetary meter " on a periodic basis.

After an instruction is fetched, the PC is incremented by the length of the instruction word in terms of memory units.

Many countries have extended the length of their copyright terms ( sometimes retroactively ).

In 1831 Gauss developed a fruitful collaboration with the physics professor Wilhelm Weber, leading to new knowledge in magnetism ( including finding a representation for the unit of magnetism in terms of mass, length and time ) and the discovery of Kirchhoff's circuit laws in electricity.

It was the longest game in Rockies history, in terms of both total innings and total length of time.

The required distance ρ ( s ) at arc length s is defined in terms of the rate of rotation of the tangent to the curve, which in turn is determined by the path itself.

In terms of arc length s let the path be described as:

An important simplification occurs when the sequences are of finite length, N. In terms of the DFT and inverse DFT, it can be written as follows:

The meridian arc length from the equator to latitude is written in terms of:

In terms of length, drainage basin and discharge, the Khabur is the largest of these three.

Although Schmidt's organ works may resemble others of the era in terms of length, complexity, and difficulty, they are forward-looking in being conceived for the smaller, clearer, classical-style instruments of the Orgelbewegung, which he advocated.

In informal usage, the length was combined with the weight of shot, yielding terms like " long 9s ", referring to full length cannons firing a 9-pound round shot.

The distribution of hollow and full months can be determined using continued fractions, and examining successive approximations for the length of the month in terms of fractions of a day.

In the International System of Units ( SI ), the basic unit of length is the meter and is now defined in terms of the speed of light.

In terms of genetics, the gene ROBO1 has been associated with phonological buffer integrity or length

To further reduce uncertainty, the seventeenth CGPM in 1983 replaced the definition of the metre with its current definition, thus fixing the length of the metre in terms of the second and the speed of light:

A mass can sometimes be expressed in terms of length.

The May Day bank holiday, on the first Monday in May, was traditionally the only one to affect the state school calendar, although new arrangements in some areas to even out the length of school terms mean that the Good Friday and Easter Monday bank holidays, which vary from year to year, may also fall during term time.

Despite its modest length ( 74 km ), it is the third largest river in Europe in terms of average discharge ( after the Volga and the Danube ).

In mathematical terms, given a random variable X with distribution F, a random sample of length n ( where n may be any of 1, 2, 3 ,...) is a set of n independent, identically distributed ( iid ) random variables with distribution F.

" The war that had lasted so many years was at length ended by their acceding to the terms offered by the King ; which were renunciation of their national religious customs and the worship of devils, acceptance of the sacraments of the Christian faith and religion, and union with the Franks to form one people.

In geometrical terms, the square root function maps the area of a square to its side length.

In the TSP with triangle inequality case it is possible to prove upper bounds in terms of the minimum spanning tree and design an algorithm that has a provable upper bound on the length of the route.

However, in Harmelin v. Michigan,, a fractured Court retreated from the Solem test and held that for non-capital sentences, the Eighth Amendment only constrains the length of prison terms by a " gross disproportionality principle.