Richard Dawkins presents a non-mathematical explanation of the runaway sexual selection process in his book The Blind Watchmaker.

He prides himself rather on being a non-mathematical statistician, and says that the thing that frightened him most in his life was when Maurice Kendall asked him to teach a course on analysis of variance at the LSE.

The explanation of these effects was that the high voltage accelerated electrically charged atoms ( ions ) naturally present in the air of the tube.

Again, though, other physicists believe that tunneling experiments in which particles appear to spend anomalously short times inside the barrier are in fact fully compatible with relativity, although there is disagreement about whether the explanation involves reshaping of the wave packet or other effects.

It is also asserted that scientific studies focus too much on the search for a biological explanation for sexual orientation, and not enough on the combined effects of both biology and psychology.

He was able to provide a qualitative explanation of linear and spherical wave propagation, and to derive the laws of reflection and refraction using this principle, but could not explain the deviations from rectilinear propagation which occur when light encounters edges, apertures and screens, commonly known as diffraction effects.

Whilst Braid differed in offering an explanation of hypnotic effects that did not rely on supernatual forces, he credited the methods used in hypnosis to the practice of Mesmerism.

' Lower courts then set guidelines for identifying ' junk science ,' such as the 2005 opinion of United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit Judge Easterbrook, ' Positive reports about magnetic water treatment are not replicable ; this plus the lack of a physical explanation for any effects are hallmarks of junk science.

Greater neuronal coupling theoretically could enhance gamma band rhythmicity, a potential explanation for modafinil's nootropic effects.

He avoided overt supernatural effects: in most of his major works, the supernatural is strongly implied but a " natural " explanation is also possible.

In spite of his recognition of the gods, the practical effect of this materialistic explanation of the gods ' existence and their complete non-intervention in human affairs renders his philosophy akin in divine effects to the attitude of Deism.

An explanation for the taboo is that it is due to an instinctual, inborn aversion that would lower the adverse genetic effects of inbreeding such as a higher incidence of congenital birth defects.

An alternative explanation to the hypothesis that long telomeres are selected against due to their cancer promoting effects is the " thrifty telomere " hypothesis that suggests that the cellular proliferation effects of longer telomeres causes increased energy expenditures.

Salzberg also argues that gene loss combined with sample size effects and evolutionary rate variation provide an alternative, more biologically plausible explanation.

This explanation might seem to violate the conservation of energy and momentum, but the spacecraft's effects on the planet have not been considered.

However, with Dualism, an explanation is required of how something without any physical properties has physical effects.

In coveted research, while each explanation is examined, the others should be controlled for in order to eliminate interaction effects or mediating variables, but these explanations are meant to stand as general trends, not direct causes.

The explanation typically provided for interviewer effects is that of social desirability.

Such coherent states are part of the explanation of effects such as the Quantum Hall effect in low-temperature superconducting semiconductors.

It attracted wider attention only in 1992, however, when its presence in wine was suggested as the explanation for cardioprotective effects of wine.

They hypothesized that the only explanation was that underarms contain pheromones, as there was no other explanation for the effects, which mirrored how pheromones affect other mammals.

However recent research indicates that dopamine is inactivated by norepinephrine reuptake in the frontal cortex, which largely lacks dopamine transporters, therefore bupropion can increase dopamine neurotransmission in this part of the brain, and this may be one possible explanation for any additional dopaminergic effects.

Another possible explanation for these place-names is a result of the effects of Longshore Drift, which disperses shingle and sand deposits, from west to east, with heavier stones accumulating in the area known as Greatstone, while far smaller shingle is to be found in great quantities at Littlestone.

Many standard physical theory effects contribute to the phenomenon, although no single explanation is conclusive.

While there may be several such industries to which the model of this paper is applicable, the authors make particular claim of relevance to the explanation of the course of wages and prices in the steel industry of the United States since World War 2.

Indeed, the apparent stiffening of the industry's attitude in the recent steel strike has a direct explanation in terms of the model here presented.

Thomson theorized that multiple electrons revolved in orbit-like rings within a positively charged jelly-like substance, and between the electron's discovery and 1909, this " plum pudding model " was the most widely accepted explanation of atomic structure.

For a recent review, see The authors admits that their model " does not solve the entropy and flatness problems of standard cosmology ..... and we can provide no explanation for why the current universe is so close to being spatially flat.

As a result, most cosmologists consider the Big Bang model of the universe to be the best explanation for the CMBR.

Shiozawa, based on much more general model, succeeded in giving a new explanation on why the traded volume increases for intermediate goods when the transport cost decreases.

The wave model can be used to make predictions about how an optical system will behave without requiring an explanation of what is " waving " in what medium.

* In, some interpreters see the traducian model as the best explanation for the begetting of monstrous offspring with human bodies and demonic souls by the angels that took wives of the daughters of men.

The geocentric model, consistent with planetary parallax, was assumed to be an explanation for the unobservability of the parallel phenomenon, stellar parallax.

Their Deductive-Nomological ( D-N ) model of explanation says that a scientific explanation succeeds by subsuming a phenomenon under a general law.

In addition to their D-N model, Hempel and Oppenheim offered other statistical models of explanation which would account for statistical sciences.

In addition to Salmon's model, others have suggested that explanation is primarily motivated by unifying disparate phenomena or primarily motivated by providing the causal or mechanical histories leading up to the phenomenon ( or phenomena of that type ).

A fuller explanation of the flow of atmosphere around the Earth as a whole can be found in the three-cell model.

The Eudoxan planetary model, on which the Aristotelian and Ptolemaic models were based, was the first geometric explanation for the " wandering " of the classical planets.

The Hicks-Hansen IS-LM Model A fairly in-depth explanation of the model.

There's something about macro-An explanation of the model and its role in understanding macroeconomics.

IS-LMentary-A basic explanation of the model and its uses.

In addressing why conservatives and liberals choose different issues as the focus of their campaigns, Lakoff claims that this too finds explanation in the context of his model.

:" Whereas we use ' hypothesis ' to denote a tentative theory which is still to be verified, Ptolemy usually means by ύπόθεσις something more like ' model ', ' system of explanation ', often indeed referring to ' the hypotheses which we have demonstrated '.

One practical use of this model was to provide an explanation for stagflation, which confounded the traditional Phillips curve.

William Gilbert's explanation was that the Earth itself was a giant magnet, and he demonstrated this by creating a scale model of the magnetic Earth, a " terrella ", a sphere formed out of a lodestone.

To evaluate, Fairburn et al .’ s model and more generally the cognitive explanation of bulimia nervosa is more descriptive than explanatory, as it does not necessarily explain how bulimia arises.

Neural network models of cognition have provided the necessary framework to integrate the empirical research done on cognitive dissonance and attitudes into one model of explanation of attitude formation and change.