( the terms μ and λ originate from Evolution strategy notation )

( the terms μ and λ originate from Evolution strategy notation )

Currently, the largest known supergiants in terms of physical size, not mass, brightness or luminosity, are the supergiants KY Cygni, and μ Cephei ( the Garnet Star ).

These terms apply to different operating conditions, but are related by common mechanical factors: input torque to the driving wheels, the wheel diameter, coefficient of friction ( μ ) between the driving wheels and supporting surface, and the weight applied to the driving wheels ( m ).

Note that τ, ( μ < sub > 1 </ sub >, Σ < sub > 1 </ sub >) and ( μ < sub > 2 </ sub >, Σ < sub > 2 </ sub >) may be all maximised independently of each other since they all appear in separate linear terms.

Figure 3: Step-response of a linear two-pole feedback amplifier ; time is in units of 1 / ρ, that is, in terms of the time constants of A < sub > OL </ sub >; curves are plotted for three values of mu = μ, which is controlled by β.

Computationally, this is because in the formulas, the μ terms cancel – adding a constant number to a distribution ( and all samples ) changes its sample maximum and minimum by the same amount, so it does not change their difference, and likewise for others: these measures of dispersion do not depend on location.

where the θ < sub > 1 </ sub >, ..., θ < sub > q </ sub > are the parameters of the model, μ is the expectation of ( often assumed to equal 0 ), and the, ,... are again, white noise error terms.

where each term in the product corresponds to a particular energy ε < sub > i </ sub >, g < sub > i </ sub > is the number of states with energy ε < sub > i </ sub >, z is the absolute activity ( or " fugacity "), which may also be expressed in terms of the chemical potential μ by defining:

The vertex function Γ < sup > μ </ sup > can be defined in terms of a functional derivative of the effective action S < sub > eff </ sub > as

* Whittaker functions M < sub > κ, μ </ sub >( z ), W < sub > κ, μ </ sub >( z ) are solutions of Whittaker's equation that can be expressed in terms of Kummer functions M and U by

It is usual to express the magnetic moment in terms of the reduced Planck constant ħ and the Bohr magneton μ < sub > B </ sub >:

If divalent ions such as calcium are considered, terms such as e < sup > 2μ </ sup > appear, which is the square of e < sup > μ </ sup >; in this case, the formula for the Goldman equation can be solved using the quadratic formula.

It expresses one measure μ in terms of another measure ν ( under certain conditions ).

If the coefficients of the basis functions in the molecular orbital are C < sub > μi </ sub > for the μ ' th basis function in the i ' th molecular orbital, the density matrix terms are:

To express this idea more formally in measure theory terms, the idea is that the Radon – Nikodym derivative of the transformed measure μ ′ with respect to μ should exist everywhere ; or that the two measures should be equivalent ( i. e. mutually absolutely continuous ):

As terms of the form λ < sub > i </ sub > – ∑ ( multiples of other eigenvalues ) occurs in the denominator of the terms for the function h, the non-resonant condition is also known as the small divisor problem.

The phase velocity is given in terms of the wavelength λ ( lambda ) and period T as

Traveling sinusoidal waves are often represented mathematically in terms of their velocity v ( in the x direction ), frequency f and wavelength λ as:

In terms of Planck units, and as a natural dimensionless value, the cosmological constant, λ, is on the order of 10 < sup >− 122 </ sup >.

When the light or other wave involved is monochromatic, that is, of a single frequency, Snell's law can also be expressed in terms of a ratio of wavelengths in the two media, λ < sub > 1 </ sub > and λ < sub > 2 </ sub >:

This yields terms in the sum ( 15 in the above case ), each being the product of λ ( in this case 3 ) covariances.

The powers of λ that have become powers of A by the substitution should be computed by repeated matrix multiplication, and the constant term should be multiplied by the identity matrix ( the zeroth power of A ) so that it can be added to the other terms.

In terms of frequency () or wavelength ( λ ), Planck's law is written:

Imposing this regularity in the solution Θ of the second equation at the boundary points of the domain is a Sturm – Liouville problem that forces the parameter λ to be of the form λ = ℓ ( ℓ + 1 ) for some non-negative integer with ℓ ≥ | m |; this is also explained below in terms of the orbital angular momentum.

The case when all λ < sub > i </ sub > have the same sign is especially important: in this case the quadratic form is called positive definite ( all 1 ) or negative definite ( all − 1 ); if none of the terms are 0 then the form is called ; this includes positive definite, negative definite, and indefinite ( a mix of 1 and − 1 ); equivalently, a nondegenerate quadratic form is one whose associated symmetric form is a nondegenerate bilinear form.

For antennas shorter than half of the wavelength of the radiation they emit ( i. e., " electromagnetically short " antennas ), the far and near regional boundaries are measured in terms of a simple ratio of the distance from the radiating source ( r ) to the wavelength of the radiation ( λ ).

Motion can only be described in terms of waves, and the momentum p of an individual particle is related to its wavelength λ by p = h / λ.

The mean lifetime ( also called the exponential time constant ) can be looked at as a " scaling time ", because we can write the exponential decay equation in terms of the mean lifetime, τ, instead of the decay constant, λ:

They are written in terms of longitude ( λ ) and latitude ( φ ) on the sphere.

T. Considering the first-order terms in the expansion for small λ, we must have M * T

If there exists a probability distribution for λ, it is often desirable to consider the likelihood function only in terms of ψ, by marginalizing out λ:

Academic design rules are often specified in terms of a scalable parameter, λ, so that all geometric tolerances in a design may be defined as integer multiples of λ.

These responses are explicable in terms of characteristics inherent in the crisis.

When the reactionary response is thus bolstered by an intellectual defense, the characteristics of that defense are explicable only in terms of the basic attitudes of unanalyzed reaction.

But these terms are treacherous.

SBA loans, which may be made to small manufacturers, small business pools, wholesalers, retailers, service establishments and other small businesses ( when financing is not otherwise available to them on reasonable terms ), are to finance business construction, conversion, or expansion ; ;

This help is offered to applicants who ordinarily would not undertake the exploration under present conditions or circumstances at their sole expense and who are unable to obtain funds from commercial sources on reasonable terms.

Present pool quarters at two locations in Providence are crowded, antiquated and, in general, make for inefficient operation in terms of dispersement of personnel and duplication of such operational needs as stock and repair equipment.

That means that, if we are to achieve a new standard of leadership, we must think in terms of the total context of our situation.

Their friends and ours are welcome to share the pool, but on our terms and at our times.

Cooling requirements are best expressed in terms of Aj.

The terms are fairly safe to use on this side of the ocean, but before you start spouting them to your date, it might be best to find out if he was a member of Major Pockmanster's Delhi Regiment, since resentment toward the natives was reportedly very high in that outfit.

The information provided by the electron paramagnetic effects is then discussed, and finally the nuclear effects are interpreted in terms of various motional-modified models of the Af bond in Af.

their classes of animal and plant terms are restricted to generalizations or recurrent parts ( fish, bird, tree, grass, horn, tail, bark, root ).

What we have left as reasonably comparable are four classes: ( 1 ) body parts and products, which with a proportionally nearly even representation ( 51 terms out of 253, 25 out of 100 ) come out with nearly even ratios ; ;

Here again laboratory approaches are being evolved, for it is recognized how `` elastic '' these readings can be, how they can apply to many people, and are often stated in general terms all too easily applied to any individual's own case.

Slavery was prohibited in Massachusetts by the terms of the constitution of 1780, which declared `` all men are born free and equal ''.

The terms are generally taken for granted as though they referred to direct and axiomatic elements in the common experience of all.

Mythological concepts may by all means still be used, but they can be used responsibly only as `` symbols '' or `` ciphers '', that is, only if they are also constantly interpreted in nonmythological ( or existential ) terms.

To do this, it is sufficient to point out that if the principle in terms of which alternatives are to be conceived is such as to exclude more than two, then the question of a `` third '' possibility is a meaningless question.

Against such a termination of human life on earth by human action, he then proposes as an alternative that we `` negotiate at once with the Russians and get the best terms which are available '', that we deliberately `` negotiate from comparative weakness ''.

If we have not thought and made a decision entirely in these terms, then we need to submit ourselves to the following `` simple test '': `` Have we decided how we are to kill the other members of our household in the event of our being less injured than they are ''??

Even Professor Arnold Toynbee, agreeing with his son, does so in these terms: `` Compared to continuing to incur a constant risk of the destruction of the human race, all other evils are lesser evils.

`` I think we're agreed that he and Evans are equal in ability, so we have to look at the thing in terms of incentive.

The majority of the clocks are caesium clocks ; the definition of the SI second is written in terms of caesium.