From 1938 until 1995, the U. S. Supreme Court did not invalidate any federal statute as exceeding Congress ' power under the Commerce Clause.

In 1995 the Supreme Court rejected the Gun-Free School Zones Act in the Lopez decision, and also rejected the civil remedy portion of the Violence Against Women Act of 1994 in the United States v. Morrison decision.

Although the constitution prescribed a new form of legislature, the PDPU-dominated Supreme Soviet remained in office for nearly two years until the first election to the new parliament, the Supreme Assembly of Uzbekistan ( Oliy Majlis ), which took place in December 1994 and January 1995.

The United States Supreme Court in Miller v. Johnson, 515 U. S. 900 ( 1995 ), overturned a 1992 Congressional redistricting plan that had created minority majority districts in Georgia as unconstitutional gerrymander.

Notably, Supreme Court Justice Clarence Thomas, himself an African American, wrote in Missouri v. Jenkins ( 1995 ) that at the very least, Brown I has been misunderstood by the courts.

* The Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory effected a moratorium on appointment of Queen's Counsel in its own jurisdiction in 1995 in preference to appointing Senior Counsel.

According to a 1995 Supreme Court of India judgement the word Hindutva could be used to mean " the way of life of the Indian people and the Indian culture or ethos ".

In a judgment delivered in 1995, the Supreme Court of India ruled that " Ordinarily, Hindutva is understood as a way of life or a state of mind and is not to be equated with or understood as religious Hindu fundamentalism ... it is a fallacy and an error of law to proceed on the assumption ... that the use of words Hindutva or Hinduism per se depicts an attitude hostile to all persons practising any religion other than the Hindu religion ...

" In their decision ( 1995 ), the Supreme Court of Canada found:

From 1937 to 1995, the Supreme Court of the United States did not void a single Act of Congress for exceeding Congress's power under the Commerce Clause of the United States Constitution, instead holding that anything that could conceivably have even a slight impact on commerce was subject to federal regulation.

In 1995 and 1996, the Supreme Court of the Philippines granted an exception to laws regarding marriage to a practicing Jehovah's Witness because enforcement of those laws would have inhibited free exercise of religious beliefs.

A summary judgment followed in 1995, full proceedings in 1999, an appeal in 2001 which has been upheld by the Supreme Court of Netherlands in December 2005, all in favor of the provider and Karin Spaink, putting freedom of speech above copyright in some cases.

Russell-Brown was cited by the Supreme Court of the United States in the case Harris v. Alabama ( 1995 ) in regard to her article The Constitutionality of Jury Override in Alabama Death Penalty Cases ( 1994 ).

* Cushman, Clare, The Supreme Court Justices: Illustrated Biographies, 1789 – 1995.

In an earlier case, Shaw v. Reno, 517 U. S. 899 ( 1995 ), the Supreme Court ruled that the 12th district of North Carolina as drawn was unconstitutional because it was created for the purpose of placing African-Americans in one district thereby constituting illegal racial gerrymandering.

Employee headcount plunged from 44, 000 in 1982 to 16, 000 in 1995 ; one of the 1995 layoffs ultimately resulted in a landmark 2000 employment law decision of the Supreme Court of California, which noted that it was Bechtel who had presented evidence of its massive layoffs to the trial court.

* James A. Baker ( 1931 – 2008 ), American jurist who served on the Texas Supreme Court from 1995 to 2003

* Case of Princess Caroline of Monaco ( 1995 ) German Federal Supreme Court ( English translation )

He was Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Tasmania from 1973 until 1995, the culmination of a distinguished career in law in Tasmania, which saw him serve as a magistrate from 1971 to 1973.

* Cushman, Clare, The Supreme Court Justices: Illustrated Biographies, 1789 – 1995 ( 2nd ed.

* Frank, John P., The Justices of the United States Supreme Court: Their Lives and Major Opinions ( Leon Friedman and Fred L. Israel, editors ) ( New York: Chelsea House, 1995 ) ISBN 0-7910-1377-4, ISBN 978-0-7910-1377-9.

Nixon Appointee Eased Supreme Court Away from Liberal Era, New York Times, June 26, 1995.

In the landmark 1995 case of United States v. Lopez, the first decision in six decades to invalidate a federal statute on the grounds that it exceeded the power of the United States Congress under the Commerce Clause of the United States Constitution, the Supreme Court described Wickard v. Filburn as " perhaps the most far reaching example of Commerce Clause authority over intrastate commerce.

In the 1995 case State of Idaho v. Howry before the Idaho Court of Appeals, the Court commented on the impact of the Alford guilty plea on later sentencing.

The European Court of Human Rights did not rule upon the right to life until 1995, when in McCann v. United Kingdom it ruled that the exception contained in the second paragraph do not constitute situations when it is permitted to kill, but situations where it is permitted to use force which might result in the deprivation of life.

While listing the Coral Court Motel near St. Louis, Missouri, on the National Register of Historic Places failed to prevent a 1995 demolition, one of the cabins survives as part of an exhibit at the Museum of Transportation after being painstakingly dismantled by volunteers for relocation.

Legal issues over back taxes possibly owed by the PDS on former SED assets were eventually settled in 1995, when an agreement between the PDS and the Independent Commission on Property of Political Parties and Mass Organizations of the GDR was confirmed by the Berlin Administrative Court.

" However, in 1995 the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit ruled the patent unenforceable.

At the Russian parliamentary elections in 1995, with a threshold excluding parties under 5 %, more than 45 % of votes were unrepresented ( in 1998, Russian Constitutional Court found the threshold legal, taking into account limits in its use ).

On November 23, 1995, the Court of Cassation ( Corte di Cassazione ) convicted Licio Gelli ( grand master of P2 ), Francesco Pazienza and SISMI officers Pietro Musumeci and Giuseppe Belmonte of diverting investigations in relation to the Bologna Massacre.

For example, the Los Angeles Superior Court added such checkpoints to all entrances to its main courthouse in Downtown Los Angeles after a woman was shot and killed by her ex-husband in open court in September 1995.

Legal issues over back taxes possibly owed by the PDS on former SED assets were eventually settled in 1995, when an agreement between the PDS and the Independent Commission on Property of Political Parties and Mass Organizations of the GDR was confirmed by the Berlin Administrative Court.

America's most-published etiquette expert, Marjabelle Young Stewart, recognized Charleston 1995 as the " best-mannered " city in the U. S, a claim lent credibility by the fact that it has the first established Livability Court in the country.

In October 1995, the network dropped the entire game show block ; it was replaced with a block called USA Live, which carried reruns of Love Connection and The People's Court, with live hosted wraparound segments between shows, but that block was dropped by 1997.

* Irby Love Knotts, Jr. ( 1914 – 1995 ), originally from Ashland, served as a Natchitoches Parish clerk of court and from 1976-1977 headed the Louisiana Clerks of Court Association.

Open Court, 1995.

It was thus seen as a ( narrow ) victory for federalism when the Rehnquist Court reined in federal regulatory power in United States v. Lopez ( 1995 ) and United States v. Morrison ( 2000 ).

For instance, on 21 July 1995 a libel case brought by Neil Hamilton ( then a member of parliament ) against The Guardian was stopped after Justice May ruled that the Bill of Rights ' prohibition on the courts ' ability to question parliamentary proceedings would prevent The Guardian from obtaining a fair trial.

On 15 December 1995 the court ruled that the system, as it was constituted, placed a restriction on the free movement of workers and was prohibited by Article 39 ( 1 ) of the EC Treaty ( now Article 45 ( 1 ) of the Treaty on the functioning of the European Union ).

Clarification regarding Kariya's free agency status had he not signed was required from the league before the contract was agreed upon ; it was ruled that he would have become a free agent on June 1, 1995, had the Mighty Ducks not signed him by then.

It was not until the 1995 United States v. Lopez decision, after nearly 60 years of leaving any restraint on the use of the Commerce Clause to political means only, that the Court again ruled that a regulation enacted under the Clause was unconstitutional.

In 1995 the Hamburg regional court ruled in Gysi's favour in a complaint against Bärbel Bohley, Gysi's former client, who had accused him of Stasi collaboration.

A part of the deeply conservative Malay heartlands, Kelantan has been ruled by the Islamic Party of Malaysia ( PAS ) since 1990, with re-elections in 1995, 1999 and 2004.

Between 1995 and 1998, in the municipalities where then-opposition party VMRO-DPMNE ruled, only the old flag was flown from institution buildings.

In 1995 the U. S. Supreme Court ruled in Miller v. Johnson that the 11th District was an unconstitutional gerrymander because the boundaries were drawn based on the racial composition of the constituents.

Between 1991 and 1995, Turkey was ruled by the coalition of centre-right DYP and center-left SHP ( Social Democratic Populist Party ) ( later SHP joined CHP ).

In March 2003, an Oldham County, Kentucky, judge ruled that Bates had not established residency in Kentucky, citing the fact that from 1995 to 2002, he held a Virginia driver's license, paid Virginia income taxes, and " regularly " slept in his apartment in Virginia.

In 1995, the European Court of Human Rights ruled by a majority verdict ten votes to nine that " the Court is not persuaded that the killing of the three terrorists constituted the use of force which was no more than absolutely necessary in defence of persons from unlawful violence within the meaning of Article 2 para.

In 1995, the use of gas for execution was ruled " cruel and unusual punishment ," which led to executions inside the gas chamber by lethal injection.

The trade between the Nordiques and the Rangers that was ruled invalid by the arbitrator had Lindros being traded for Doug Weight, Tony Amonte, Alexei Kovalev, John Vanbiesbrouck, three first round draft picks ( 1993, 1994 & 1995 ) and $ 12 million.

On 25 May 1995 the Superior Court ruled that these documents should be made available for public review.

The European Court of Human Rights ruled on 11 July 2002, in Christine Goodwin v The United Kingdom, Case No 28957 / 1995, ( also known as Christine Goodwin and I v United Kingdom 2 FCR 577 ), that " the UK Government had discriminated based on the following: Violation of Articles 8 and 12 of the European Convention on Human Rights ".

* The Brazilian Social Democratic Party has ruled the state of São Paulo since 1995 ; the current term is due to end on January 1, 2015.

In India the campaign to legitimise community radio began in the mid-1990s, soon after the Supreme Court of India ruled in its judgment of February 1995 that " airwaves are public property ".

His career three only met four black spots: two serious knee injuries ( during the 1995 – 96 season, which ruled him out of UEFA Euro 1996 and during 1997's pre-season in Sweden ) and a feud with coach Octávio Machado early in 2001 – 02, which forced him into " exile " at Charlton Athletic.

An RAF board of inquiry in 1995 ruled that the cause was pilot error ; on 13 July 2011 a new report cleared both pilots.

However, the Cairo Appeals Court ruled in favor of the plaintiff and declared the marriage of Abu Zayd and Ibtihal Younis null and void in 1995.