* 1660: Baron Windsor, called out of abeyance after 18 years ( the length of the English Civil War ); again in 1855 after 22 years.

The Commonwealth of England was the official name of the political unit ( de facto military rule in the name of parliamentary supremacy ) that replaced the kingdoms of Scotland and England ( after the English Civil War ) from 1649 to 1653 and 1659 to 1660.

*, a 50-gun third-rate frigate launched 1654 as Tredagh ; renamed Resolution 1660 ; destroyed after grounding by a Dutch fireship in the St James's Day Battle 4 August 1666.

Pessimism in the south was more intense after the Cossacks ' Uprising ( 1648 – 1654 ) under Chmielnicki and the turbulent times in Poland ( 1648 – 1660 ), which violently ruined the Jewry of South East Poland, but did not much affect that of Lithuania and Estonia.

It received its name from the fact that through an Act of Parliament, it could only be dissolved with the agreement of the members and those members did not agree to its dissolution until after the English Civil War and at the end of Interregnum in 1660.

Dissenters were Protestants who refused to follow the rules of the Church of England after the Restoration of Charles II in 1660, and when Newton settled in Olney the village still supported two Dissenting chapels.

Especially after the English Restoration of 1660, separating Puritans were called Dissenters.

Oliver Cromwell set up a republic called the Commonwealth of England ( 1649 – 1660 ) and ruled as a near dictator after the overthrow of King Charles I. James Harrington was then a leading philosopher of republicanism.

* August – Oliver Cromwell launches the ' Western Design ', an English expedition to the Caribbean to counter Spanish commercial interests, effectively beginning the Anglo-Spanish War ( which will last until after the English Restoration in 1660 ).

In England, after the interregnum and restoration of the monarchy in 1660, there was a move toward neoclassical tragedy, but this was never popular.

The theatres remained closed for most of the next eighteen years, re-opening after the Restoration of the monarchy in 1660.

During the Swedish occupation of Middle Norway, 1658 – 1660, after Denmark-Norway's devastating defeat in the Northern Wars, the town became a hub of resistance to the Swedes.

In 1649 he signed the death warrant of Charles I and in 1660, shortly after the Restoration, he was found guilty of regicide and hanged, drawn and quartered.

Maximilian Emanuel was again forced to flee the Netherlands after the Battle of Ramillies ( May 23, 1706 ) and found refuge at the French court in Versailles where his late sister Maria Anna ( 1660 – 1690 ) had been the wife of le Grand Dauphin.

Etching after Steven van Lamsweerde, 1660

The Restoration of the English monarchy began in 1660 when the English, Scottish and Irish monarchies were all restored under Charles II after the Interregnum that followed the Wars of the Three Kingdoms.

* 1660: the city plundered by Sweden ; after they leave the town has 395 inhabitants and 37 houses

In 1660 when a replacement crown called St Edward's Crown was cast for the coronation of Charles II the gold from the aforementioned King Alfred's Crown ( the original crown of Edward the Confessor ) was used, so presumably even after the various jewels had been melted down strenuous efforts were made to recover their components.

The old status quo began a retrenchment after the end of the main civil war in 1646, and more especially after the restoration of monarchy in 1660.

Soon after the estates opened on 4 January 1660, Charles X Gustav fell ill with symptoms of a cold.

His uncle Edward Morgan was Lieutenant-Governor of Jamaica after the Restoration of Charles II of England in 1660.

Soon after his restoration, in 1660, he granted exclusive play-staging rights, so-called Royal patents, to the King's Company and the Duke's Company, led by two middle-aged Caroline playwrights, Thomas Killigrew and William Davenant.

After Martha's Vineyard's discovery by the English Maritime Explorer Bartholemew Gosnald, Tisbury was first settled in 1660 by James Allen, William Peabody and Lt. Josiah Standish ( son of Captain Myles Standish ) and was officially incorporated in 1671 by Francis Lovelace, Governor General of New York.

* John Lovelace, 2nd Baron Lovelace 28 August 1660 – 25 November 1670

His brother Alessandro was cardinal and Papal legate, and another brother, Ferdinando ( died March 4, 1660 ) acquired the assets of the other line of San Gemini.

He died on the island in 1660.

* November 8 – King Charles X of Sweden ( died 1660 )

* July 10 – Pierre d ' Hozier, French historian ( died 1660 )

On 23 December 1660, when William was ten years old, his mother died of smallpox at Whitehall Palace, London while visiting her brother King Charles II.

* Thomas Scot ( died 1660 ), English Member of Parliament

He died on August 6, 1660.

In mid-January 1660 he fell ill and one month later he wrote down his last will and died.

When Charles X Gustav of Sweden suddenly died in 1660 a coat of arms had to be created for the newly acquired province.

* X de Bourbon, Mademoiselle de Bourbon ( 1657, Breda-28 September 1660, Paris ); died in infancy ;

Age and infirmities prevented him from taking any part in the revolutions which culminated in the Restoration, and in March 1660 he died.

** Thomas Urquhart, translator ( died c. 1660 )

* July 4 – Paul Scarron, poet, dramatist and novelist ( died 1660 )

* October 4-Francisco de Rojas Zorrilla, Spanish dramatist ( died c. 1660 )

* July 10-Pierre d ' Hozier, French historian ( died 1660 )

** Faqi Tayran, Kurdish poet ( died 1660 )

** Chimalpahin, Aztec historian ( died 1660 )

* November 10-Jacob Cats, Dutch poet ( died 1660 )

* January 12-Petrus Scriverius, Dutch historian ( died 1660 )

He died of an attack of stone on 25 April 1660, the day that the parliament voted that the king should be brought back ; had he lived he would have been made bishop of Worcester.

Charles's cousin, who held the titles of Duke of Richmond and Earl of Lennox through the first Duke of Lennox's eldest son James, died aged eleven in 1660 with Charles as his heir.

De Poincy died at the age of 77 on 11 April 1660.

He died in Paris on the 6th of October 1660.

William Brownlow died in 1660, but the family went on to contribute to the development of the linen industry which peaked in the town in the late 17th century.