* Polykleitos starts making the bronze statue Achilles ( also known as The Spear Bearer or Doryphoros ), which he finishes about ten years later.

The Doryphoros of Polykleitos in the Naples National Archaeological Museum

A characteristic of Polykleitos ' Doryphoros is the classical contrapposto in the pelvis ; the figure's stance is such that one leg seems to be in movement while he is standing on the other.

The canonic proportions of the male torso established by Polykleitos ossified in Hellenistic and Roman times in the heroic cuirass exemplified by the Augustus of Prima Porta, who wears ceremonial dress armor modelled in relief over an idealized muscular torso which is ostensibly modelled on the Doryphoros.

Polykleitos, the Doryphoros, and Tradition ( University of Wisconsin Press ) 1995.

This period is one of discovery of the expressive possibilities of the human body ; there is a greater freedom in the poses and gestures, and an increased attention to anatomical verisimilitude as may be observed in the ponderated stances of the figures W9 and W4 who partially anticipate the Doryphoros of Polykleitos.

Polykleitos in his Canon wrote that beauty consists in the proportion not of the elements ( materials ), but of the parts, that is the interrelation of parts with one another and with the whole.

By this Polykleitos meant that a statue should be composed of clearly definable parts, all related to one another through a system of ideal mathematical proportions and balance, no doubt expressed in terms of the ratios established by Pythagoras for the perfect intervals of the musical scale: 1: 2 ( octave ), 2: 3 ( harmonic fifth ), and 3: 4 ( harmonic fourth ).

The type is represented by neo-Attic Imperial Roman copies of the late 1st or early 2nd century, modelled upon a supposed Greek bronze original made in the second quarter of the 5th century BCE, in a style similar to works of Polykleitos but more archaic.

Polykleitos ( or Polyklitos, Polycleitus, Polyclitus ; Greek Πολύκλειτος ); called the Elder, was a Greek sculptor in bronze of the fifth and the early 4th century BCE.

Polykleitos ' school lasted for at least three generations, but it seems to have been most active in the late 4th century and early 3rd century BCE.

The Greek sculptor Polykleitos designed a work, perhaps this one, as an example of the " canon " or " rule ", showing the perfectly harmonious and balanced proportions of the human body in the sculpted form.

In classical Greece the emphasis is not given to the illusive imaginative reality represented by the ideal forms, but to the analogies and the interaction of the members in the whole, a method created by Polykleitos.

Finally, this is the germ from which the art of Polykleitos was to grow two or three generations later.

Marble Roman copy after a 5th-century BC Greek original attributed to Polykleitos.

According to the canon of the Classical Greek Sculptor Polykleitos in the 4th century BC, it is one of the most important characteristics of his figurative works and those of his successors, Lysippos, Skopas, etc.

* Andrew Stewart, One Hundred Greek Sculptors: Their Careers and Extant Works Polykleitos of Argos, 16. 72

* Polykleitos, The J. Paul Getty Museum ( link broken )

The architectural design of the building was credited in antiquity to the sculptor Polykleitos the Younger, son of the Classical Greek sculptor Polykleitos the Elder.

The signature echoes one used by the ancient Greek artists, Apelles and Polykleitos.

Ageladas ' fame is enhanced by his having been the instructor of the three great masters, Phidias, Myron, and Polykleitos.

On the other hand Pliny says that Ageladas, with Polykleitos, Phradmon, and Myron, flourished in the 87th Olympiad.

He was a contemporary, but a somewhat older contemporary, of Pheidias and Polykleitos.

Polykleitos ' Astragalizontes (" Boys Playing at Knuckle-bones ") was claimed by the Emperor Titus and set in a place of honour in his atrium.

Polykleitos, along with Phidias, created the Classical Greek style.

Polykleitos consciously created a new approach to sculpture ; he wrote a treatise ( Kanon ) and designed a male nude ( also known as Kanon ) exemplifying his aesthetic theories of the mathematical bases of artistic perfection, which motivated Kenneth Clark to place him among " the great puritans of art ": His Kanon " got its name because it had a precise commensurability ( symmetria ) of all the parts to one another " " His general aim was clarity, balance, and completeness ; his sole medium of communication the naked body of an athlete, standing poised between movement and repose " Kenneth Clark observed.

Polykleitos and Phidias were of the first generation of Greek sculptors to have a schools of followers.

The Roman writers Pliny and Pausanias noted the names of about twenty sculptors in Polykleitos ' school, defined by their adherence to his principles of balance and definition.

Skopas and Lysippus are the best-known successors of Polykleitos.

His son, Polykleitos the Younger, worked in the 4th century BCE.

The Doryphoros ( Greek Δορυφόρος, " Spear-Bearer "; Latinized as Doryphorus ) is one of the best known Greek sculptures of the classical era in Western Art and an early example of Greek classical contrapposto.

Image: Doryphoros. jpg | A marble copy of the Doryphoros of Polyclitus, an early example of classical contrapposto.

The Polykletian statues for example Discophoros ( discus-bearer ) and Doryphoros ( spear-bearer ) are idealized athletic young men with the divine sense, and captured in contrapposto.

Like the Doryphoros and Diadumenos, it was created as an example of Polyclitus's " canon " of the ideal human form in sculpture.

The Discophoros, also spelled Discophorus, ( Greek-" Discus-Bearer ") was a bronze sculpture by the classical Greek sculptor Polyclitus, creator of the Doryphoros and Diadumenos, and its many Roman marble copies.

He also sculpted a famous bronze male nude known as the Doryphoros (" Spear-carrier "), which survives in the form of numerous Roman marble copies.

Though the Kanon may be represented by his Doryphoros, the bronze has not survived, but references to it in other ancient books imply that its main principle was expressed by the Greek words symmetria, the Hippocratic principle of isonomia (" equilibrium "), and rhythmos.

For modern eyes, a fragmentary Doryphoros torso in basalt in the Medici collection at the Uffizi " conveys the effect of bronze, and is executed with unusual care ", as Kenneth Clark noted, illustrating it in The Nude: A Study in Ideal Form: " It preserves some of the urgency and concentration of the original " lost in the full-size " blockish " marble copies.

" Diskophoros ", Hermes, Doryphoros, Herakles, Diadumenos.

Papers from a symposium of 1989 organized round the Minneapolis over-lifesize Doryphoros of Augustan date.

" Diskophoros ", Hermes, Doryphoros, Herakles, Diadumenos.

The Diadumenos (" diadem-bearer "), together with the Doryphoros and Discophoros, are the three most famous figural types of the sculptor Polyclitus, forming three basic patterns of Ancient Greek sculpture that all present strictly idealised representations of young male athletes in a convincingly naturalistic manner.

" Diskophoros ", Hermes, Doryphoros, Herakles, Diadumenos.