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− 1 / 30, … are the Bernoulli numbers, and R is an error term which is normally small for suitable values of p and depends on n, m, p and f. ( The formula is often written with the subscript taking only even values, since the odd Bernoulli numbers are zero except for B < sub > 1 </ sub >.
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− and 1
Besides HALT, Minsky's machine includes three assignment ( replacement, substitution ) operations: ZERO ( e. g. the contents of location replaced by 0: L ← 0 ), SUCCESSOR ( e. g. L ← L + 1 ), and DECREMENT ( e. g. L ← L − 1 ).
Also, no finite field F is algebraically closed, because if a < sub > 1 </ sub >, a < sub > 2 </ sub >, …, a < sub > n </ sub > are the elements of F, then the polynomial ( x − a < sub > 1 </ sub >)( x − a < sub > 2 </ sub >) ··· ( x − a < sub > n </ sub >) + 1
Spassky won the first game as Black in good style, but tenacious, aggressive play from Karpov secured him overall victory by + 4 − 1 = 6.
This algorithm can easily be adapted to compute the variance of a finite population: simply divide by n instead of n − 1 on the last line.
variance_n * len ( dataWeightPairs )/( len ( dataWeightPairs ) − 1 )
Below pH 2. 2, the predominant form will have a neutral carboxylic acid group and a positive α-ammonium ion ( net charge + 1 ), and above pH 9. 4, a negative carboxylate and neutral α-amino group ( net charge − 1 ).
For example, if the array has five elements, indexed 1 through 5, and the base address B is replaced by B − 30c, then the indices of those same elements will be 31 to 35.
This formula requires only k multiplications and k − 1 additions, for any array that can fit in memory.
And since there are n − 1 links in any tree, the amortized cost is found to be 2 ×( n − 1 )/ n, or approximately 2.
The retracing can stop if the balance factor becomes − 1 or + 1 indicating that the height of that subtree has remained unchanged.
In general, if y = f ( x ), then it can be transformed into y = af ( b ( x − k )) + h. In the new transformed function, a is the factor that vertically stretches the function if it is greater than 1 or vertically compresses the function if it is less than 1, and for negative a values, the function is reflected in the x-axis.
− and /
In the limit, as N tends to infinity, the maximum speedup tends to 1 / ( 1 − P ).
The year 1 BC / BCE is numbered 0, the year 2 BC is numbered − 1, and in general the year n BC / BCE is numbered "−( n − 1 )" ( a negative number equal to 1 − n ).
An example is ƒ ( x ) = x − 1 / x, which has the oblique asymptote y = x ( m = 1, n = 0 ) as seen in the limits
Enthalpy of dissolution in hydrochloric acid at standard conditions is − 600 kJ / mol < sup >− 1 </ sup >, from which the standard enthalpy change of formation ( Δ < sub > f </ sub > H °) of aqueous Bk < sup > 3 +</ sup > ions is obtained as − 601 kJ / mol < sup >− 1 </ sup >.
Most commonly, bandwidth refers to the 3-dB bandwidth, that is, the frequency range within which the spectral density ( in W / Hz or V < sup > 2 </ sup >/ Hz ) is above half its maximum value ( or the spectral amplitude, in V or V / Hz, is more than 70. 7 % of its maximum ); that is, above − 3 dB relative to the peak.
Detailed analysis shows that the complexity class is unchanged by allowing error as high as 1 / 2 − n < sup >− c </ sup > on the one hand, or requiring error as small as 2 < sup >− n < sup > c </ sup ></ sup > on the other hand, where c is any positive constant, and n is the length of input.
where ν > − 1 / 2 and z is a complex number.
for α > − 1 / 2 and where δ is the Dirac delta function.
Some authors use the convention B < sub > 1 </ sub > = − 1 / 2 and state Bernoulli's formula in this way:
Unfortunately in the literature the definition is given in two variants: Despite the fact that Bernoulli defined B < sub > 1 </ sub > = 1 / 2 ( now known as " second Bernoulli numbers "), some authors set B < sub > 1 </ sub > = − 1 / 2 (" first Bernoulli numbers ").
The n-th century started / will start on the year ( 100 × n ) − 99 and ends in 100 × n. A century will only include one year, the centennial year, that starts with the century's number ( e. g. 1900 is the final year in the 19th century ).
However, their derivatives are known: f ′ is − 6. 5 ° C / km, and g ′ is 2. 5 km / h.
The derivative of the reciprocal function is − 1 / x < sup > 2 </ sup >.
This " post-glacial rebound " brings mass closer to the rotation axis of the Earth, which makes the Earth spin faster ( law of conservation of angular momentum ): the rate derived from models is about − 0. 6 ms / day / cy.
− and 30
Again the estimated population variance of 30 is computed correctly by Algorithm II, but the naive algorithm now computes it as − 170. 66666666666666.
** ( Actual − 12. 7 ) A full Moon reflects 30 % more light at full phase than a perfect diffuse reflector predicts.
− 1 / 30, B < sub > 5 </ sub >
However, since the Earth reflects about 30 % of the incoming sunlight, the planet's effective temperature ( the temperature of a blackbody that would emit the same amount of radiation ) is about − 18 ° C, about 33 ° C below the actual surface temperature of about 14 ° C.
Thus a vacuum of 26 inHg gauge is equivalent to an absolute pressure of 30 inHg ( typical atmospheric pressure ) − 26 inHg = 4 inHg.
This is not near 0. 6 / 2 = 0. 3, − 30 %.
Most of the 40 time zones on land are offset from Coordinated Universal Time ( UTC ) by a whole number of hours ( UTC − 12 to UTC + 14 ), but a few are offset by 30 or 45 minutes.
Temperatures vary from − 54 ° C to 30 ° C (- 65 ° F to 86 ° F ) throughout the whole year.
A rare meteorological phenomenon encountered during winter is ice fog, which comprises ice crystals suspended in the air ; it occurs only at very low temperatures, below − 30 ° C (− 22 ° F ).
e. g. the negative range corresponding to + 30 to + 1 is − 31 to − 2.
Yearly temperatures vary from an average minimum of in January to an average maximum of in July, but extreme temperatures can range from − 30 ° F to 97 ° F (− 34 ° C to 36 ° C ).
In the winter, however, the vast Siberian High causes very cold, north to northwesterly winds that bring temperatures as low as − 5 ° C ( 23 ° F ) in the extreme south and − 30 ° C (− 22 ° F ) in the north, where the zone of discontinuous permafrost reaches northern Heilongjiang.
Sometimes the temperatures in the high valleys can reach − 30 ° C.
The tree is slightly more cold-hardy than the peach, tolerating winter temperatures as cold as − 30 ° C or lower if healthy.
The Turkish Cedar is slightly hardier, to − 30 ° C or just below.
Fargo is located at ( 30. 686698, − 82. 567076 ).
Simmesport is located at ( 30. 983485, − 91. 812590 ).
Plaquemine is located at ( 30. 284044, − 91. 240485 ) and has an elevation of.
Bay St. Louis is located at 30 ° 18 ' 53 " North, 89 ° 20 ' 39 " West ( 30. 314696, − 89. 344096 ).
In addition to the cold temperatures, Keene can receive biting winds that drive the wind chill down below − 30.
Florence is located at ( 30. 842650, − 97. 792214 ).
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