Many patent contests were waged over automobile components and accessories, among them tires, detachable rims, ball bearings, license brackets, and electric horns.

Many of these designs are still under patent, and other types are best known by their original trademarked names.

Many of Armstrong's inventions were ultimately claimed by others in patent lawsuits.

Many NDAs are unilateral, or one-way agreements, where one party wants to disclose certain information to another party but needs the information to remain secret for some reason, perhaps due to secrecy requirements required to satisfy patent laws or to make sure that the other party does not take and use the disclosed information without compensating the discloser.

Many patent medicines, cosmetics, and household cleaning supplies have been also aimed at hoodoo practitioners and have found dual usage as conventional and spiritual remedies ; examples include Four Thieves Vinegar, Florida Water, and Red Devil Lye.

Many definitions of the term " standard " permit patent holders to impose " reasonable and non-discriminatory licensing " royalty fees and other licensing terms on implementers and / or users of the standard.

Many of these sources also claim that the patent rights for Morgan's designs were sold at about that time to General Electric ( GE ) for $ 40, 000.

Radu Florescu documented on page 193 of his book, " Dracula: Prince of Many Faces " that the Holy Roman Emperour Ferdinand I granted a patent of nobility January 20, 1535 to Ladislas Dracula and his brother John, affirming their direct descent from Vlad and making specific mention of " the ancient insignia of Ladislas's family " having been the same as that of the Bathory family -- i. e., gules ( red ) a sword covering three wolf teeth.

Radu Florescu documented on page 193 of his book, " Dracula: Prince of Many Faces " that the Holy Roman Emperour Ferdinand I granted Ladislas Dracula and his brother John recognition as Dracula's direct descendants: based on their documentation, the Emperour granted them letters patent ( a patent of nobility ) on January 20, 1535 in which their descent is described and also specific mention is made in the patent of " the ancient insignia of Ladislas's family " as being the same as that of the Bathory family -- i. e., gules ( red ) a sword covering three wolf teeth.

Many national and regional patent offices provide procedures for reconsidering whether or not a given patent is valid after grant.

With the America Invents Act of 2011, which was signed by President Obama on September 16, 2011 The law will switch U. S. right to the patent from the present " first-to-invent " system to a " first-to-file " system for patent applications filed on or after March 16, 2013 Many legal scholars have commented that such a change would require a constitutional amendment.

Many intellectual property experts and members of the general public view this patent as an example of the patent office's inability to properly examine patent applications.

Many patent law systems provide for the granting of compulsory licenses in a variety of situations.

Many different names in different languages such as Coeur croisé in French, Zauberkreuz in German, Cruzado Magico in Spanish, now with many imitators appeared as the patent expired.

Many foreign patent regimes, on the other hand, protect prior user rights, which are often seen as assisting small entities that may lack the sophistication or resources to pursue patent protection.

Many borzoi owners recommend feeding the dog from a raised platform instead of placing the food-dish on the ground, and making sure that the dog rests quietly for several hours after eating, as the most reliable way to prevent bloat.

Many owners may choose to shorten the barrels down to NFA-lengths, and register them as " short barrel rifles " SBRs.

Many became educated, artisans and property owners.

Many types of content-control software have been shown to block sites based on the religious and political leanings of the company owners.

Many important forest functions have no markets, and hence, no economic value that is readily apparent to the forests ' owners or the communities that rely on forests for their well-being.

Many Dragon 32s were upgraded by their owners to 64 KB of memory.

Many environmental lawsuits turn on the question of who has standing ; are the legal issues limited to property owners, or does the general public have a right to intervene?

Many cat owners find transdermal gel medication a viable option for cats who are difficult to pill.

Many people like to express their individuality by commissioning an artist to paint a mural in their home, this is not an activity exclusively for owners of large houses.

Many of the shows were cancelled by venue owners in response to the media outrage following the Grundy confrontation.

Many in the Union Party leadership were lawyers who had contracts with the sugar operations recently bought out and enlarged by the new American owners, thus establishing a close relationship between the nascent middle classes and the American corporate interests.

Many cars have had S model features added by subsequent owners, making original " Competition Group " cars difficult to distinguish without checking option codes.

Many Aristocratic Peerages Titles have ' seats ' attached to them, with the holder of the title ( e. g. Earl of Bristol ) and his family being the custodians of the house, but not the owners.

Many environmental lawsuits question the legal rights of property owners, and whether the general public has a right to intervene with detrimental practices occurring on someone else's land.

Many AIBO owners enjoy teaching their pets new behaviors by reprogramming them in Sony's special ' R-CODE ' language.

Many farmers and plantation owners, including U. S. Presidents George Washington and Thomas Jefferson, cut and stored ice in the winter for use in the summer.

Many penny-farthing owners discovered they could dispense with the frame and just ride the front wheel and handlebars.

Many believed privately owned power companies were charging too much for power, did not employ fair operating practices and were subject to abuse by their owners ( utility holding companies ), at the expense of consumers.

Many owners of local loops are public utilities that hold a natural monopoly.

Many owners of the single-family mansions were forced to rent out rooms in their homes to temporary workers and those with lesser income.

Many San Francisco gays also moved there after about 1970 from what had been the formerly most prominent gay neighborhood, Polk Gulch, because large Victorian houses were available at low rents or available for purchase for low down payments when their former middle-class owners had fled to the suburbs.

Many Little Italys, Chinatowns ( or Koreatowns and Japantowns ) and other ethnic neighbourhoods have become more middle-class in recent times, dominated by successful restaurant owners, family-owned stores and businessmen able to start up their own companies.

Many grand houses in Brockley were occupied by the owners and managers of factories in neighbouring industrial areas such as Deptford and Bermondsey.

Many private pilot owners base their aircraft in the airfield's several hangars.

Many factory owners preferred boys under 16 years of age.

Many file archivers employ archive formats that provide lossless data compression to reduce the size of the archive which is often useful for transferring a large number of individual files over a high latency network like the Internet.

Many BBSes inspected every file uploaded to their public file download library to ensure that the material did not violate copyright law.

Many applications pack all their data files into a single file called archive file, using internal markers to discern the different types of information contained within.

Many ( but not all ) computer systems use extensions in file names to help identify what they contain, also known as the file type.

* Many support virtual file systems ( VFS ) such as viewing compressed archives, or working with files via an FTP connection.

Many CD authoring applications attempt to get around the filename length by truncating filenames automatically, but do so at the risk of breaking applications that rely on a specific file structure.

Many mail user agents also send messages with the file name in the name parameter of the content-type header instead of the filename parameter of the content-disposition header.

Many user-level programs, services, and utilities including awk, echo, ed were also standardized, along with required program-level services including basic I / O ( file, terminal, and network ) services.

* Many file sharing networks, such as gnutella, G2 and the eDonkey network popularized peer-to-peer technologies.

Many modern computing systems provide wildcard characters in matching filenames from a file system.

Many disk operating systems maintain a count of the number of references to any particular block or file.

Many web sites that serve SVG images, such as Wikipedia, also provide the images in a raster format, either automatically by HTTP content negotiation or by allowing the user directly to choose the file.

Many people no longer use cassette tapes for music listening and, in a few countries, cassette tapes are only used for language learning, which is now significantly declining thanks to podcasts from BBC or CNN or trends of ( foreign-language learning ) publishers which adopt MP3 file services or attached CDs rather than attaching tapes to their publications.

Many client programs allow file transfers, although they are usually limited in the permissible file-size.

Many object-oriented systems, like Smalltalk, are based on a continually running object world ( known as an image or, when saved as a disk file, a snapshot ), so using the Newton platform with an object-oriented system seemed quite natural.

Many of these systems later became known as document imaging systems, because they focused on the capture, storage, indexing and retrieval of image file formats.

Many PAL programming devices accept input in a standard file format, commonly referred to as ' JEDEC files '. They are analogous to software compilers.

Many fileservers providing AFP support do not natively support resource forks on their local file systems.

Many of the standard library classes depend on JNI to provide functionality to the developer and the user, e. g. file I / O and sound capabilities.

Many different versions of some of these structures can appear in the file, due to the long evolution of this file format.

Many successful programmers moved from using the combined-primary WORKSTN file to using a combined-demand file, which had operation codes to read and write the display.