About education, Saladin wrote " children are brought up in the way in which their elders were brought up.

Al-Wahrani wrote that Saladin was selected because of the reputation of his family in their " generosity and military prowess.

" Imad ad-Din wrote that after the brief mourning period of Shirkuh, during which " opinions differed ", the Zengid emirs decided upon Saladin and forced the caliph to " invest him as vizier.

" He wrote several letters to Saladin, who dismissed them without abandoning his allegiance to Nur ad-Din.

According to Imad ad-Din, Nur ad-Din wrote to Saladin in June 1171, telling him to reestablish the Abbasid caliphate in Egypt, which Saladin coordinated two months later after additional encouragement by Najm ad-Din al-Khabushani, the Shafi ' i faqih, who vehemently opposed Shia rule in the country.

Saladin wrote in a letter to al-Adil: " this Yemen is a treasure house ... We conquered it, but up to this day we have had no return and no advantage from it.

On March 2, al-Adil from Egypt wrote to Saladin that the Crusaders had struck the " heart of Islam.

Sibylla wrote to Saladin and begged for her husband's release, and Guy was finally granted release in 1188 and allowed to rejoin his wife.

Bernard Hamilton wrote " had Sibylla lived in more peaceful times she would have exercised a great deal of power since her husband's authority patently derived from her ", and that only the conquest by Saladin brought her rule to a speedy end.

and Eng., 1876 – 1877 ), Arabic Grammar ( 1874 ), Jerusalem, the city of Herod and Saladin ( 1871 ), by Walter Besant and Palmer ( the latter wrote the part taken from Arabic sources ), Persian Dictionary ( 1876 ) and English and Persian Dictionary ( posthumous, 1883 ); translation of the Qur ' an ( 1880 ) for the Sacred Books of the East series, a spirited but not very accurate rendering.

* 1187 – The Crusades: Battle of Hattin – Saladin defeats Guy of Lusignan, King of Jerusalem.

The inexperienced Guy led the Frankish army against Saladin's incursions into the kingdom, but neither side made any real gains, and Guy was criticized by his opponents for not striking against Saladin when he had the chance.

Raymond of Tripoli allied with Saladin against Guy and allowed a Muslim garrison to occupy his fief in Tiberias, probably hoping that Saladin would help him overthrow Guy.

Guy was on the verge of attacking Raymond, but realized that the kingdom would need to be united in the face of the threat from Saladin, and Balian of Ibelin effected a reconciliation between the two during Easter in 1187.

Raymond and Guy finally agreed to attack Saladin at Tiberias, but could not agree on a plan ; Raymond thought a pitched battle should be avoided, but Guy probably remembered the criticism he faced for avoiding battle in 1183, and it was decided to march out against Saladin directly.

Raymond of Tripoli, Balian of Ibelin, and Reginald of Sidon escaped, but Raynald was executed by Saladin and Guy was imprisoned in Damascus.

Saladin and Guy of Lusignan after Battle of Hattin

Saladin holding Guy of Lusignan captive after the Battle of Hattin, made by Jan Lievens ( 1607-1674 )

In 1188, at Tortosa, Saladin released Guy of Lusignan and returned him to his wife, Queen Sibylla of Jerusalem.

* July 4 – Battle of Hattin: Saladin defeats Guy of Lusignan, King of Jerusalem.

Saladin defeated King Guy at the Battle of Hattin in 1187, and went on to capture Jerusalem and almost every other city of the kingdom, except the seat of William's archdiocese, Tyre.

After Saladin retaliated for these attacks in the campaign and Battle of Belvoir Castle in 1182, Baldwin, now blind and unable to walk, appointed Guy regent of the kingdom.

Guy attended the wedding festivities for Isabella ( now about 11 ) and Humphrey, held in Karak ; however, the festivities were interrupted by Saladin, who besieged the fortress with the wedding guests inside.

Baldwin marshalled what strength he had and lifted the siege, but Guy refused to fight Saladin and Saladin's troops simply went home.

However, in 1183, when Saladin invaded the kingdom, Guy hesitated to respond and was considered a weak commander.

Guy's reign was marked by increased hostilities with the Ayyubids ruled by Saladin, culminating in the disastrous Battle of Hattin in July 1187 — during which Guy was captured — and the fall of Jerusalem itself three months later.

Following a year of imprisonment in Damascus, Guy was released by Saladin.

Saladin and Guy of Lusignan after Hattin.

" For Saladin, the capture of the city marked the end of over eight years of waiting since he told Farrukh-Shah " we have only to do the milking and Aleppo will be ours.

While ill, he asked Saladin to pay him a visit to request that he take care of his young children, but Saladin refused, fearing treachery against the Abbasids, and is said to have regretted his action after realizing what al-Adid had wanted.

' It is still debated as to what extent the exploits of notable knights and historical figures such as Saladin, Godfrey of Bouillon, William Marshal and Bertrand du Guesclin set new standards of knightly behavior, or were instead reflections of existing models of conduct.

Though reports of what happened at this meeting are biased due to personal feuds among the Franks, it seems Raymond argued that a march from Acre to Tiberias was exactly what Saladin wanted while Sephoria was a strong position for the Crusaders to defend.

Guy thus ordered the army to march against Saladin at Tiberias, which is indeed just what Saladin had planned, for he had calculated that he could defeat the crusaders only in a field battle rather than by besieging their fortifications.

Nur ad-Din realized that he had created a dangerous opponent in Saladin, and the two rulers assembled their armies for what seemed to be the inevitable war.

The crusaders ' kingdom of Jerusalem had already been destroyed by Saladin, Baibars and Qalawun, and Louis IX's Seventh Crusade against Egypt ended in a complete failure, but the crusaders tried to keep their strongholds on the Syrian coast intact, hoping to be able one day to recapture what they had lost.

Depending on what the player has done there are two possible endings: the genie is destroyed, the King and Queen aren't resurrected and Alexander and Cassima have a small wedding where Jollo the Clown speaks for Cassima and Captain Saladin speaks for Alexander on behalf of the people of the Land of the Green Isles and Saladin asks Alexander and Cassima to rule which they accept.

Following the destruction of the Kingdom of Jerusalem by Saladin, what little protection for Christians had existed was eliminated and the nascent Christian communities were soon destroyed.

Saladin attacked Kerak again in April, and in May, a Muslim raiding party ran into the much smaller embassy on its way to negotiate with Raymond, and defeated it at the Battle of Cresson near Nazareth.

After a few Ayyubid raids — including attacks on Zir ' in, Forbelet, and Mount Tabor — the Crusaders still were not tempted to attack their main force, and Saladin led his men back across the river once provisions and supplies ran low.

" Saladin aimed to counter this propaganda by ending the siege, claiming he was defending Islam from the Crusaders ; his army returned to Hama to engage a Crusader force there.

To that, William, as Prior of the Order, added the purpose of raising funds to ransom captives from the Muslim armies of Saladin.