In 2004, London, the Parliament, Effects of Sun in the Fog ( Londres, le Parlement, trouée de soleil dans le brouillard ) ( 1904 ), sold for US $ 20. 1 million.

The royal edict, registered by the Parlement of Paris on March 15, 1667 created the office of lieutenant général de police (" lieutenant general of police "), who was to be the head of the new Paris police force, and defined the task of the police as " ensuring the peace and quiet of the public and of private individuals, purging the city of what may cause disturbances, procuring abundance, and having each and everyone live according to their station and their duties ".

In France, the Parlement de Paris, with its strong upper bourgeois background and Jansenist sympathies, opened the pressure to expel the Jesuits from France in the spring of 1761, and the published excerpts from Jesuit writings, the Extrait des assertions, provided anti-Jesuit ammunition ( though, arguably, many of the statements the Extrait contained were made to look worse than they were through judicious omission of context ).

The political situation in 1787 began to worsen when the Parlement was exiled, and culminated on 11 November, when the king tried to use a lit de justice to force through legislation.

File: Parlement de Bretagne-2006. jpg | The Parlement of Brittany, built 1618 – 1655.

The Parlement de Bretagne ( Administrative and judicial centre of Brittany, ) is the most famous 17th century building in Rennes.

File: Parlement de Bretagne DSC08926. jpg | Palais du Parlement de Bretagne

Other famous structures include the Gothic Church of St Maclou ( 15th century ); the Tour Jeanne d ' Arc, where Joan of Arc was brought in 1431 to be threatened with torture ( contrary to popular belief, she was not imprisoned there ); the Church of Saint Ouen ( 12th – 15th century ); the Palais de Justice, which was once the seat of the Parlement ( French court of law ) of Normandy and the Museum of Fine Arts and Ceramics which contains a splendid collection of faïence and porcelain for which Rouen was renowned during the 16th to 18th centuries.

Before the faculty could do so, the Parlement de Paris intervened, forbidding the Sorbonne faculty to consider the propositions.

Some scholars believe Louis XV's decisions damaged the power of France, weakened the treasury, discredited the absolute monarchy, and may have led to the French Revolution which broke out 15 years after his death Other scholars argue that this reputation is based on propaganda meant to justify the French Revolution, and, by dismissing the Parlement de Paris and reforming the tax code, Louis set France on a path of stability late in his reign.

Tried by the Parlement of Paris, Damiens was executed on the Place de Grève on 28 March 1757.

His dismissal of the Parlement de Paris and his chief Minister, Choisieul, in 1771, were attempts to wrest control of government from those Louis considered corrupt.

Brienne's reforms were then submitted to the Parlement de Paris in the hopes that they would be approved.

Louis XVI and Brienne took a hostile stance against the parlement's rejection, and Louis XVI had to implement a Lit de justice ( which automatically registered an edict in the Parlement de Paris ) to ratify the desired reforms.

On 8 May, Jean-Jacques Duval d ' Eprémesnil and Goislard de Montsabert, two of the leading members of the Parlement de Paris were arrested.

The Parlement de Paris recommended that the Estates should be the same as they were at the last assembly, in 1614 ( this would mean that the clergy and nobility would have more representation than the Third Estate ).

Henry III responded by having the Duke and his brother murdered later that year, whereupon Bussy-Leclerc used the Bastille as a base to mount a raid on the Parlement de Paris, arresting the president and other magistrates, whom he suspected of having royalist sympathies, and detaining them in the Bastille.

With the aid of Pierre Séguier, she had the Parlement de Paris revoke the will of the late king, which would have limited her powers.

The Parlement of Paris feared the government would attempt to gerrymander an assembly to rig the results.

This king was responsible for the end of the Knights Templar, signed the Auld Alliance, and established the Parlement of Paris.

Though a congregation of bishops assembled at Paris in December 1761 recommended no action, Louis XV of France ( 1715 – 74 ) promulgated a royal order permitting the Society to remain in the kingdom, with the proviso that certain essentially liberalising changes in their institution satisfy the Parlement with a French Jesuit vicar-general who should be independent of the general in Rome.

Henceforth Versailles was the possession of the Gondi family, a family of wealthy and influential parliamentarians at the Parlement of Paris.

* Louis XV of France authorizes a 5 % income tax on every individual regardless of social status ; the Parlement of Paris protests.

* The ancient right to evaluate royal decrees publicly before they are given the force of law by the high court of Paris ( the Parlement ) is restored.

* The Paris Parlement has the city's beggars arrested ' to force them to work in the sewers, chained together in pairs '.

The Archives Nationales in Paris preserves only the text of a shorter document modified by concessions extracted from the King by the clergy and the Parlement of Paris, which delayed ten months before finally signing and setting seals to the document in 1599.

The Old Conseil Delphinal became a Parlement ( the third one in France after the Parliaments of Paris and Toulouse ), strengthening the status of Grenoble as a Provincial capital.

On 15 February 1723, the king's majority was declared by the Parlement of Paris.

As for the Gallican opposition, after the " exile " of 139 parlementaires in the provinces, the Parlement of Paris had to register the Unigenitus papal bull and was forbidden to hear religious cases in the future.

As a result of these attempts at reform, the Parlement of Paris, using the quarrel between the clergy and the Jansenists as a pretext, addressed remonstrances to the king ( April 1753 ).

Condé's forces became trapped against the city walls and the Porte St Antoine, which the Parlement refused to open ; he was coming under increasingly heavy fire from the Royalist artillery and the situation looked bleak.

Occasionally the Parlement ( Parlement de Paris ) refused to register the lettres of patent conferring peerage on them.

The orator Despreminil acted as spokesman of Parlement and refused to consider any repentance, much to his discredit in Carlyle's opinion.

Louis XV was weak ; his wife and children were in favor of the Jesuits ; his able first minister, the Duc de Choiseul, played into the hands of the Parlement, and the royal mistress, Madame de Pompadour, to whom the Jesuits had refused absolution, for she was living in sin with the King of France, was a determined opponent.

Dukes without a peerage fell into one of two groups: those without peerage fiefs, or those for whom the Parlement refused to register the lettres patentes conferring a peerage on them.

Aujourd ’ hui on a quand même, avec Strasbourg, une visibilité différente du Parlement européen, que tout le monde considère différent de Bruxelles.

Et le fait que le Parlement européen siège à Strasbourg s ’ explique historiquement et il lui donne une certaine indépendance: ceux de Bruxelles et ceux de Strasbourg, Je pense qu ’ il faut absolument garder cela également à l ’ avenir et le défendre vis-à-vis de ceux qui n ’ ont pas, peut-être, suivi l ’ histoire européenne depuis la Deuxième Guerre mondiale.

* French Website of the Comité d ' histoire parlementaire et politique ( Parliamentary and Political History Committee ) and Parlement ( s ), Revue d ' histoire politique, published three times a year.

Barnave was prepared for a career in law, and at the age of twenty-two made himself known by a speech pronounced before the local Parlement on the division of political powers.

To the arrêt of 2 August 1762, by which the Parlement suppressed the Jesuits in France, imposing untenable conditions on any wishing to remain in the country, Clement XIII replied by a protest against the invasion of the Church's rights, and annulled the arrêts.

This power should be " sovereign ", i. e., not be subject to any other branch, though to some extent limited by institutions like the high courts ( Parlement ) and representative assemblies ( États ).

The members of the Parlement and the Capitouls fought to preserve their privileges, they demonstrated on September 25, and hardly received any support from a population which did not recognize its former protectors.

Absolutist propaganda asserted that a lit de justice in its origins could take place before any parlement though, in practice, the appearance of Charles IX before the parlement of Rouen to enforce the enregistration of his Edict of Amboise ( 1563 ) was an innovation intended to discount the legislative role of the Parlement of Paris.