Clicks appear more stop-like ( sharp / abrupt ) or affricate-like ( noisy ) depending on their place of articulation: In southern Africa, clicks involving an apical alveolar or laminal postalveolar closure are acoustically abrupt and sharp, like stops, while labial, dental, and lateral clicks typically have longer and acoustically noisier releases that are superficially more like affricates.

In these species ( which include many broadleaved trees but few conifers ), removal of the main apical stems releases the growth of many dormant buds under the bark on the lower part of the tree.

The Apicomplexa ( also referred to as Apicomplexia ) are a large group of protists, most of which possess a unique organelle called apicoplast and an apical complex structure involved in penetrating a host's cell.

A further group of spherical organelles are distributed throughout the cell rather than being localized at the apical complex and are known as the dense granules.

Prototypical retroflexes are subapical and palatal, but they are usually written with the same symbol as the apical postalveolars.

Unlike the passive articulation, which is a continuum, there are five discrete active articulators: the lip ( labial consonants ), the flexible front of the tongue ( coronal consonants: laminal, apical, and subapical ), the middle – back of the tongue ( dorsal consonants ), the root of the tongue together with the epiglottis ( radical consonants ), and the larynx ( laryngeal consonants ).

The distinction between the various coronal articulations, laminal, apical, and supapical, are however a continuum without clear boundaries.

The cones of this dioecious tree are berry-like, with a single ( rarely two ) 7 – 11 mm seed apical on an 8 – 14 mm pink-purple aril ; the aril is edible and sweet.

In some English dialects, such as American and Australian, flaps do not function as rhotics but are realizations of intervocalic apical stops ( and, as in rider and butter ).

Then, CA3 axons exit from the deep part of the cell body, and loop up into the region where the apical dendrites are located, then extend all the way back into the deep layers of the entorhinal cortex — the Shaffer collaterals completing the reciprocal circuit ; field CA1 also sends axons back to the EC, but these are more sparse than the CA3 projection.

True leaves, however, are formed post-embryonically ( i. e. after germination ) from the shoot apical meristem, which is responsible for generating subsequent aerial portions of the plant.

Inputs to the apical tufts are thought to be crucial for the ‘‘ feedback ’’ interactions in the cerebral cortex involved in associative learning and attention.

Various other genera are closely related to these two groups, mostly flagellates with a similar apical structure.

Neighboring epithelial cells are also connected to each other through apical junctions, protein complexes containing adhesion molecules, such as cadherins, linked to catenins.

The apical junctions which bind PMCs to their neighboring epithelial cells become disrupted during this transition, and are absent in cells that have fully ingressed into the blastocoel.

Because staining for cadherins and catenins in ingressing cells decreases and develops as intracellular accumulations, apical junctions are thought to be cleared by endocytosis during ingression.

The true leaves are produced at right angles to the cotyledons, and continue to grow in length throughout the entire life of the plant ; they are the only leaves that the plant will bear, since the stem is acephalous ; its apical meristem dies after the first two leaves are produced.

The so-called retroflexes in Hindi are actually articulated as apical post-alveolar plosives, sometimes even with a tendency to come down to the alveolar region.

The ( sometimes recognized ) category Heterostropha within the Heterobranchia, which includes such families as Architectonicidae, the sundial or staircase snails, is primarily characterized by a shell which has a heterostrophic protoconch, in other words the apical whorls are coiled in the opposite plane to the adult whorls.

The cones are borne on a short stem, and have 2-4 scales, usually only one ( sometimes two ) fertile, each fertile scale bearing a single apical seed 10 – 15 mm.

The apical complex includes vesicles called rhoptries and micronemes, which open at the anterior of the cell.

A spore often has a protrusion at one end, called an apiculus, which is the point of attachment to the basidium, termed the apical germ pore, from which the hypha emerges when the spore germinates.

If a trill is made with the tip of the tongue against the upper gum, it is called an apical ( tongue-tip ) alveolar trill ; the IPA symbol for this sound is.

The dentate granule cell axons ( called mossy fibers ) pass on the information from the EC on thorny spines that exit from the proximal apical dendrite of CA3 pyramidal cells.

Alveolar consonants may be articulated with the tip of the tongue ( so-called apical consonants ), as in English, or with the flat of the tongue just above the tip ( the " blade " of the tongue ; called laminal consonants ), as in French and Spanish.

Thousands of microvilli form a structure called the brush border that is found on the apical surface of some epithelial cells, such as the small intestinal.

Some groups have a simple or variously modified apical or subapical bristle called an arista ( this may be especially well-developed in various Diptera ).

The apical bud produces an auxin called IAA that inhibits growth of the lateral buds further down on the stem.

Congenital apical displacement of the tricuspid valve is called Ebstein's anomaly and typically causes significant tricuspid regurgitation.

These areas are called apical structures and are richly innervated.

If a clan's apical ancestor is nonhuman, it is called a totem.

In kinship and descent, if the apical ancestor of a clan is nonhuman, it is called a totem.

Palato-alveolar consonants can articulated either with the tip or blade of the tongue, and are correspondingly called apical or laminal ,.

The utricle contains mechanoreceptors called hair cells that distinguish between degrees of tilting of the head, thanks to their apical stereocilia set-up.

Before the autumn season, the apical portion of stem is removed along with the whorled leaves. It is called haak there.

After amputation, the epidermis migrates to cover the stump in less than 12 hours, forming a structure called the apical epidermal cap ( AEC ).

The apical meristem of the rhizome forms an ascendent swollen stem called a pseudobulb, and the apical meristem is consumed in a terminal inflorescence.

Spindle neurons, also called von Economo neurons ( VENs ), are a specific class of neurons that are characterized by a large spindle-shaped soma, gradually tapering into a single apical axon in one direction, with only a single dendrite facing opposite.

Following fertilization, the zygote undergoes an asymmetrical cell division that gives rise to a small apical cell, which becomes the embryo and a large basal cell ( called the suspensor ), which functions to provide nutrients from the endosperm to the growing embryo.

The space under the apex of a patellate gastropod is called the apical cavity.

The apex of tusk shells is the small, open posterior end, and the opening itself is usually called the apical aperture.