The beetles carry the fungal spores in special structures, called mycangia, and inoculate the trees as they attack them.

Supernumerary chromosomes do not carry genes that are necessary for basic fungal growth, but may have some functional significance.

Early in November the clouds lifted enough to carry out the assigned missions.

I think I have a way so we can carry on without his suspecting us ''.

To carry out this exalted conception the author has combined the vivid realism and imaginative power we have noticed in his early poetry and carried them out on a grand scale.

We assume for this illustration that the size of the land plots is so great that the distance between dwellings is greater than the voice can carry and that most of the communication is between nearest neighbors only, as shown in Figure 2.

In a book review of `` The Soviet Cultural Offensive '', he says, `` Long before the State Department organized its bureaucracy into an East-West Contacts Staff in order to wage a cultural counter-offensive within Soviet borders, the sharp cutting-edge of American culture had carved its mark across the Russian steppes, as when the enterprising promoters of ' Porgy And Bess ' overrode the State Department to carry the contemporary ' cultural warfare ' behind the enemy lines.

Whatever the psychological truth in the Oedipus myth, an Oedipus who is drawn to his fate by irresistible external forces can carry the symbol of humanity and its archaic crime, and the incest that is unknowing renews the mystery of the eternal dream of childhood and absorbs us in the secret.

He said that the architect might reasonably be expected to carry his financial burdens if all harrassment could be brought to an end, and that the bank would accept a mortgage on Taliesin to help bring this about.

Supposing you or I were being accused in this manner, and yet we were doing our level best to carry on our work.

No organization can carry on like that.

While I fully agree with Sir Anthony's contention, I think that we must carry the analysis farther, bearing in mind that while common peril may be the measure of our need, the existence or absence of a positive sense of community must be the measure of our capacity.

Beginning in Cloth Of The Tempest ( 1943 ) he experimented in merging poetry and visual art, using drawings to carry long narrative segments of a story, as in Sleepers Awake, and constructing elaborate `` poems-in-drawing-and-type '' in which it is impossible to distinguish between the `` art '' and the poetry.

Although it does not follow the metrical rules for a blues to be sung, the phrases themselves carry a blues feeling.

Both Mr. K's have so far continued to speak softly and carry big sticks over Laos.

They shouldn't be asked to carry any more of the burden.

If it will simply delay the debates until the qualifications are closed next spring, and then carry all the candidates on a tour of debates, it can provide a service to the state.

Mary would have to carry the human communication.

There was only one way to accomplish this: by design, by drawing diagrams and sketches in which he probed the remotest corner of his mind for creative ideas to carry his concept.

She just about made me carry her upstairs and then she clung to me and wouldn't let me go.

He appeared to be peering haughtily down his nose at the crowded and unclean vessel that would carry him to freedom.

The amount which may be borrowed from the SBA depends on how much is required to carry out the intended purpose of the loan.

In several significant cases, such as India, a decade of concentrated effort can launch these countries into a stage in which they can carry forward their own economic and social progress with little or no government-to-government assistance.

There is hereby authorized to be appropriated, out of any money in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, such sums as may be necessary to enable the Commission to carry out its functions under this Title.

A naval blockade would be thoroughly in line with the Monroe Doctrine, would be a relatively simple operation to carry out, and would bring an abrupt end to Soviet penetration of our hemisphere ''.

Throughout these years, the statutory authorization was for such sums as were necessary to carry out the provisions of the Act.

Assistant Secretaries of State will now carry an increased burden of active formulation and coordination of policies.

Vertically transmitted fungal endophytes are asexual and transmit via fungal hyphae penetrating the host ’ s seeds ( e. g. Neotyphodium ).

Conversely, horizontally transmitted fungal endophytes are sexual and transmit via spores that can be spread by wind and / or insect vectors.

The presence of fungal endophytes can cause higher rates of water loss in leaves.

However, certain fungal endophytes help plants survive drought and heat.

A single leaf of a plant can harbor many different species of endophytes, both bacterial and fungal.

Not all endophytes present can be cultured in this way because amplification ground up plant tissue using fungal or bacterial specific primers has revealed the existence cryptic species.

Like many cool-season grasses of the family Poaceae, it harbors a symbiotic fungal endophyte, either Epichloë or its close relative Neotyphodium, of which both are of the fungal family Clavicipitaceae

The bacterial and fungal cultures found in the fermenting piles were found to vary widely from factory to factory throughout Yunnan, consisting of multiple strains of Aspergillus spp., Penicillium spp., yeasts, and a wide range of other microflora.

cubense is a fungal plant pathogen that causes Panama disease of banana ( Musa spp.

Often caused by a mixture of bacteria, typically Dermatophilus congolensis, and Staphylococcus spp, mud fever can also be caused by fungal organisms ( dermatophytes ).

It was formerly classified within the now-obsolete order Lycoperdales, which, following a restructuring of fungal taxonomy brought about by molecular phylogeny, has been split ; the puffballs, Calvatia spp.

Commercially available fermented bean curd is made by using dry firm tofu that has been inoculated with the fungal spores of Actinomucor elegans, Mucor sufu, Mucor rouxanus, Mucor wutuongkiao, Mucor racemosus, or Rhizopus spp ..

Bacterial and fungal enzymes.

Even though they do not compete directly with cultivated plants, sometimes winter annuals are considered a pest in commercial agriculture, because they can be hosts for insect pests or fungal diseases ( ovary smut – Microbotryum sp ) which attack crops being cultivated.

They have many properties that make them useful for treating high blood sugar, migraine headaches, bacterial and fungal infections, and gastric ulcers.

Experiments have shown that two fungal strains ( Aspergillus niger, Penicillium simplicissimum ) were able to mobilize Cu and Sn by 65 %, and Al, Ni, Pb, and Zn by more than 95 %. Aspergillus niger can produce some organic acids such as citric acid.

In Africa, this virus destroys majority of the rice crops and makes the surviving plants more susceptible to fungal infections.

Nonhuman communication also include cell signaling, cellular communication, and chemical transmissions between primitive organisms like bacteria and within the plant and fungal kingdoms.

The semiochemicals trigger the fungal organism to react in a specific manner, while if the same chemical molecules are not part of biotic messages, they do not trigger the fungal organism to react.

This implies that fungal organisms can differentiate between molecules taking part in biotic messages and similar molecules being irrelevant in the situation.

The growing plant repels unwanted insect life, and the juice of the leaves can be used for the same purpose, as well as fighting fungal infections, mildew and scab.

The dominance of fungal species lasted only a few years while the atmosphere cleared and there was plenty of organic matter to feed on.

Oomycete cell walls also contain the amino acid hydroxyproline, which is not found in fungal cell walls.

Candidiasis or thrush is a fungal infection ( mycosis ) of any of the Candida species ( all yeasts ), of which Candida albicans is the most common.

Analysis of Sporormiella fungal spores ( which derive mainly from the dung of megaherbivores ) in the cores shows that the megafauna of that region virtually disappeared about 41, 000 years ago, at a time when climate changes were minimal ; the change was accompanied by an increase in charcoal, and was followed by a transition from rainforest to fire-tolerant sclerophyll vegetation.

Most known fungal viruses have either double stranded DNA or RNA genomes.

A single stranded DNA fungal virus-Sclerotinia sclerotiorum hypovirulence associated DNA virus 1-has been described.

Phylogenetic analysis of these genes places the adenoviruses ( Adenoviridae ), bacteriophages ( Caudovirales ) and the plant and fungal linear plasmids into a single clade.

The chemical alteration of dead organic matter is primarily achieved through bacterial and fungal action.

However, statistical analysis shows that this can only account for 50 % of the observed pattern, and other evidence ( such as fungal spikes ) provides reassurance that most widely accepted extinction events are indeed real.

Likewise, most fungi do not produce cells with flagellae, but the primitive fungal chytrids do.

Food contaminated with fungal growth may contain mycotoxins such as aflatoxins which may be found in contaminated corn and peanuts.

The predominant sterol in fungal cell membranes is ergosterol.

They comprise a large number of secondary metabolites and natural products from animal, plant, bacterial, fungal and marine sources, and have great structural diversity.

:* Cunninghamella elegans is a fungal model of mammalian drug metabolism.

Thus, the term is more one of common application to macroscopic fungal fruiting bodies than one having precise taxonomic meaning.