The Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox patriarchates split from one another in the East – West Schism of 1054 AD, and Protestantism came into existence during the Protestant Reformation of the 16th century, splitting from the Roman Catholic Church.

* 1965 – Pope Paul VI and Patriarch Athenagoras simultaneously revoke mutual excommunications that had been in place since 1054.

This event is known as the East – West Schism, and it is traditionally dated to the year 1054, although it was more of a gradual process than a sudden break.

* The East – West Schism, between the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Roman Catholic Church in 1054

* 1054 – Siward, Earl of Northumbria invades Scotland and defeats Macbeth, King of Scotland somewhere north of the Firth of Forth.

* 1054 – Three Roman legates break relations between Western and Eastern Christian Churches through the act of placing an invalidly-issued Papal bull of Excommunication on the altar of Hagia Sophia during Saturday afternoon divine liturgy.

* 1999 – Pope John Paul II travels to Romania becoming the first pope to visit a predominantly Eastern Orthodox country since the Great Schism in 1054.

Certain transparent materials with a small concentration of neodymium ions can be used in lasers as gain media for infrared wavelengths ( 1054 – 1064 nm ), e. g. Nd: YAG ( yttrium aluminium garnet ), Nd: YLF ( yttrium lithium fluoride ), Nd: YVO < sub > 4 </ sub > ( yttrium orthovanadate ), and Nd: glass.

Other famous pieces include the Boecis, a 258-line-long poem written entirely in the Limousin dialect of Occitan between the year 1000 and 1030 and inspired by Boethius's Consolation of Philosophy ; the Waldensian La Nobla Leyczon ( dated 1100 ), la Cançó de Santa Fe ( ca 1054 – 1076 ), the Romance of Flamenca ( 13th c .), the Song of the Albigensian Crusade ( 1213 – 1219?

The reigns of Vladimir the Great ( 980 – 1015 ) and his son Yaroslav the Wise ( 1019 – 1054 ) constitute the Golden Age of Kiev, which saw the acceptance of Orthodox Christianity from Byzantium and the creation of the first East Slavic written legal code, the Russkaya Pravda.

During Wrocław's early history, its control changed hands between Bohemia ( until 992, then 1038 – 1054 ), the Kingdom of Poland ( 992 – 1038 and 1054 – 1202 ), and, after the fragmentation of the Kingdom of Poland, the Piast-ruled duchy of Silesia.

* 1054 – Russian legal code of the Russkaya Pravda is created during the reign of Yaroslav I the Wise.

* June 21 – Pope Leo IX ( d. 1054 )

* July 4 – The SN 1054 supernova is recorded by the Chinese, Arab and possibly Native Americans near the star ζ Tauri.

** Yaroslav the Wise ( no earlier than 983 ), Prince of Rostov ( 987 – 1010 ), Prince of Novgorod ( 1010 – 1034 ), Grand Prince of Kiev ( 1016 – 1018, 1019 – 1054 ).

The supernova that created the Crab Nebula, the SN 1054, was observed by Arabic and Chinese astronomers in 1054.

The supernova event was recorded in the year 1054 and is labelled SN 1054.

The SN 1054 supernova, which gave birth to the Crab Nebula, was also observed by Chinese and Islamic astronomers.

The Crab Nebula, the shattered remnants of a star which exploded as a supernova, the light of which reached Earth in 1054 AD

* 1054: a large supernova is observed by astronomers, the remnants of which would form the Crab Nebula.

A well known example of such a nebula is the Crab Nebula, left over from a supernova that was observed in China and North America in 1054.

The nebula was observed by John Bevis in 1731 ; it corresponds to a bright supernova recorded by Arab, Chinese and Japanese astronomers in 1054.

The creation of the Crab Nebula corresponds to the bright SN 1054 supernova that was independently recorded by Indian, Arabic, Chinese and Japanese astronomers in 1054 AD.

Thanks to the recorded observations of Far Eastern and Middle Eastern astronomers of 1054, Crab Nebula became the first astronomical object recognized as being connected to a supernova explosion.

Tracing back its expansion consistently yields a date for the creation of the nebula several decades after 1054, implying that its outward velocity has accelerated since the supernova explosion.

In the course of further research he came to the conclusion that Crab Nebula supernova could not have exploded in AD 1054, but probably in AD 1153.

" Mankind survived when the Crab Nebula supernova went off at a distance of about 6500 light-years in the year 1054.

Four historical supernovae are known simply by the year they occurred ( SN 1006, 1054, 1572 Nova, and 1604 Star ); starting with 1885, the letters are used, even if there was only one supernova detected that year ( e. g. SN 1885A, 1907A, etc.

* 1054 – Various Early Astronomers: Observe supernova ( modern designation SN 1054 ), later correlated to the Crab Nebula.

If 1070 CE is accurate as the construction year, building the mound could theoretically have been influenced by two astronomical events: the light from the supernova that created the Crab Nebula in 1054, and the appearance of Halley's Comet in 1066.

The star is the central star in the Crab Nebula, a remnant of the supernova SN 1054, which was widely observed on Earth in the year 1054.

This is in contrast to the Crab pulsar, known to be the remnant of the SN 1054 supernova in the year 1054, which has lost two-thirds of its rotational energy in essentially the same time span.

But when he recognized the strength of the opposition, he favored a compromise ; at any rate he advised Berengar is 1054 to swear to the formula presented to him.

* 1054: the Battle of Atapuerca is fought between García V of Navarre and Ferdinand I of León

is: 1054

Since the time of the historian Edward Gibbon, the split between the Church of Rome and the Orthodox Church has been conveniently dated to 1054, though the reality is more complex.

It is the church in which Cardinal Humbert in 1054 excommunicated Michael I Cerularius – which is commonly considered the start of the Great Schism.

Robert's birthdate is usually given as 1054, but may have been 1051.

Hereward's birth is conventionally dated as 1035 / 6 because the Gesta Herewardi indicates that he was first exiled in 1054 in his 18th year.

It is far from certain that Eógan died at Carham, and it is reasonably certain that there were kings of Strathclyde as late as the 1054, when Edward the Confessor sent Earl Siward to install " Máel Coluim son of the king of the Cumbrians ".

The schism is conventionally dated to 1054, when the Patriarch of Constantinople and the Papal Legate Humbert of Mourmoutiers issued mutual excommunications that have since been revoked.

But it is known that medieval writers attributed it to Pythagoras, although no trace of it has been discovered in Greek literature, and the earliest mention of it is from the time of Hermannus Contractus ( 1013 – 1054 ).

The institutions ' simultaneous revocations of the anathemas of 1054 were a gesture toward " restoring mutual trust " and a recognition that there is " a vast area of common ground that the two sides share.

The Golden Legend and many of its sources developed after the East-West Schism of 1054, and thus is unknown in the Greek-or Syriac-speaking worlds.

According to the legend, the southward migration began on May 24, 1064 CE ; 1064 is also the year of a volcanic explosion at Sunset Crater in Arizona and the first Aztec solar year, beginning on May 24, after the Crab Nebula events from May to July 1054.