The Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox patriarchates split from one another in the East – West Schism of 1054 AD, and Protestantism came into existence during the Protestant Reformation of the 16th century, splitting from the Roman Catholic Church.

* 1965 – Pope Paul VI and Patriarch Athenagoras simultaneously revoke mutual excommunications that had been in place since 1054.

This event is known as the East – West Schism, and it is traditionally dated to the year 1054, although it was more of a gradual process than a sudden break.

* The East – West Schism, between the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Roman Catholic Church in 1054

* 1054 – A supernova is seen by Chinese, Arab, and possibly Amerindian observers near the star Zeta Tauri.

* 1054 – Three Roman legates break relations between Western and Eastern Christian Churches through the act of placing an invalidly-issued Papal bull of Excommunication on the altar of Hagia Sophia during Saturday afternoon divine liturgy.

* 1999 – Pope John Paul II travels to Romania becoming the first pope to visit a predominantly Eastern Orthodox country since the Great Schism in 1054.

Certain transparent materials with a small concentration of neodymium ions can be used in lasers as gain media for infrared wavelengths ( 1054 – 1064 nm ), e. g. Nd: YAG ( yttrium aluminium garnet ), Nd: YLF ( yttrium lithium fluoride ), Nd: YVO < sub > 4 </ sub > ( yttrium orthovanadate ), and Nd: glass.

Other famous pieces include the Boecis, a 258-line-long poem written entirely in the Limousin dialect of Occitan between the year 1000 and 1030 and inspired by Boethius's Consolation of Philosophy ; the Waldensian La Nobla Leyczon ( dated 1100 ), la Cançó de Santa Fe ( ca 1054 – 1076 ), the Romance of Flamenca ( 13th c .), the Song of the Albigensian Crusade ( 1213 – 1219?

The reigns of Vladimir the Great ( 980 – 1015 ) and his son Yaroslav the Wise ( 1019 – 1054 ) constitute the Golden Age of Kiev, which saw the acceptance of Orthodox Christianity from Byzantium and the creation of the first East Slavic written legal code, the Russkaya Pravda.

During Wrocław's early history, its control changed hands between Bohemia ( until 992, then 1038 – 1054 ), the Kingdom of Poland ( 992 – 1038 and 1054 – 1202 ), and, after the fragmentation of the Kingdom of Poland, the Piast-ruled duchy of Silesia.

* 1054 – Russian legal code of the Russkaya Pravda is created during the reign of Yaroslav I the Wise.

* June 21 – Pope Leo IX ( d. 1054 )

* July 4 – The SN 1054 supernova is recorded by the Chinese, Arab and possibly Native Americans near the star ζ Tauri.

** Yaroslav the Wise ( no earlier than 983 ), Prince of Rostov ( 987 – 1010 ), Prince of Novgorod ( 1010 – 1034 ), Grand Prince of Kiev ( 1016 – 1018, 1019 – 1054 ).

In 1054, Edward's Earl of Northumbria, Siward, led a very large invasion of Scotland.

An English invasion in 1054, with Siward, Earl of Northumbria, in command, had as its goal the installation of one " Máel Coluim, son of the King of the Cumbrians ".

Equally, Malcolm's raids in Northumbria may have been related to the disputed " Kingdom of the Cumbrians ", reestablished by Earl Siward in 1054, which was under Malcolm's control by 1070.

In 1054 Edward sent Siward to invade Scotland.

In 1054, the English king Edward the Confessor dispatched Earl Siward of Northumbria against the Scots, ruled by Mac Bethad mac Findláich ( Macbeth ), along with an otherwise unknown " Malcolm son of the king of the Cumbrians ", in Strathclyde.

It is far from certain that Eógan died at Carham, and it is reasonably certain that there were kings of Strathclyde as late as the 1054, when Edward the Confessor sent Earl Siward to install " Máel Coluim son of the king of the Cumbrians ".

Despite the death of his son Osbjorn, Siward defeated Mac Bethad in battle in 1054.

This is believed to be the site of a battle where Malcolm Canmore defeated Macbeth in 1054.

In 1054 King Edward sent Ealdred to Germany to obtain Emperor Henry III's help in returning Edward the Exile, son of Edmund Ironside, to England.

Soon after her birth on 9 April 1054, Judith was betrothed to Philip, eldest son and heir of King Henry I of France.

Atiśa Dīpaṃkara Śrījñāna ( Ôtish Dipôngkor Srigên, IAST: ; ) ( 980 – 1054 CE ) was a Buddhist teacher from the Pala Empire who, along with Konchog Gyalpo and Marpa, was one of the major figures in the establishment of the Sarma lineages in Tibet after the repression of Buddhism by King Langdarma ( Glang Darma ).

In late January, early February 1054, Count Geoffrey and King Henry together invaded Normandy and marched down the Seine toward Rouen.

The Battle of Atapuerca was fought in 1 September 1054 at the site of Piedrahita (" standing stone ") in the valley of Atapuerca between two brothers, King García Sánchez III of Navarre and King Ferdinand I of Castile.

Sancho IV Garcés ( c. 1038 – 4 June 1076 ), called Sancho of Peñalén () or Sancho the Noble, was King of Navarre from 1054 to 1076.

When the Christian church split in 1054 between the East and Rome, the region of southern Albania retained its ties to Constantinople while the north reverted to the jurisdiction of Rome.

When the Christian church split in 1054 between the East and Rome, the region of southern Albania retained its ties to Constantinople while the north reverted to the jurisdiction of Rome.

When the Christian church split in 1054 between the East and Rome, the region of southern Albania retained its ties to Constantinople while the north reverted to the jurisdiction of Rome.

Ibn Idhari wrote that the name was suggested by Ibn Yasin in the " persevering in the fight " sense, to boost morale after a particularly hard-fought battle in the Draa valley c. 1054, in which they had taken many losses.

After winning over the Sanhaja Berber tribe, they quickly took control of the entire desert trade route, seizing Sijilmasa at the northern end in 1054, and Aoudaghost at the southern end in 1055.

The average rate for a one room apartment was 602. 27 CHF ( US $ 480, £ 270, € 390 ), a two room apartment was about 846. 52 CHF ( US $ 680, £ 380, € 540 ), a three room apartment was about 1054. 14 CHF ( US $ 840, £ 470, € 670 ) and a six or more room apartment cost an average of 2185. 24 CHF ( US $ 1750, £ 980, € 1400 ).

Steps towards reconciliation on a global level were taken in 1965 by the Roman Catholic and Orthodox churches mutually revoking the excommunications that marked their Great Schism in 1054 ; the Anglican Roman Catholic International Commission ( ARCIC ) working towards full communion between those churches since 1970 ; and the Lutheran and Roman Catholic churches signing The Joint Declaration on the Doctrine of Justification in 1999 to address conflicts at the root of the Protestant Reformation.

The Pravda Yaroslava, originally combined by Yaroslav the Wise the Grand Prince of Kiev, was granted to Great Novgorod around 1017, and in 1054 was incorporated into the Russkaya Pravda, that became the law for all of Kievan Rus.

Constantine's foundation gave prestige to the Bishop of Constantinople, who eventually came to be known as the Ecumenical Patriarch, a situation that contributed to the Great Schism that divided Western Catholicism from Eastern Orthodoxy from 1054 onwards.

After the East-West Schism, conventionally dated to 1054, a brief reunification was agreed to between the Pope and a number of Eastern Orthodox bishops at the Council of Florence.

But when he recognized the strength of the opposition, he favored a compromise ; at any rate he advised Berengar is 1054 to swear to the formula presented to him.

And while he was not present at any of the councils he continued to hold this title until the East-West Schism of 1054 AD.

Disagreement about the limits of his authority was one of the causes of the Great Schism, conventionally dated to the year 1054, which split the church into the Catholic Church in the West, headed by the Bishop of Rome, and the Orthodox Church, led by the four eastern patriarchs.

The Filioque has been an ongoing source of conflict between the East and West, contributing, in part, to the East-West Schism of 1054 and proving an obstacle to attempts to reunify the two sides.

* 1054: Start of the East-West Schism, which divides the Christian church for centuries.

The Latin Church of the West, which after 1054 was to become known separately as the Roman Catholic Church, accepted the decrees of the iconodule Seventh Ecumenical Council regarding images.