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* 1461 – Wars of the Roses: The Battle of Mortimer's Cross is fought in Herefordshire, England.
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1461 and –
* 1461 – The Ming Dynasty Chinese military general Cao Qin stages a coup against the Tianshun Emperor.
Alexander (; ) ( 5 August 1461 – 19 August 1506 ) of the House of Jagiellon was the Grand Duke of Lithuania and later also King of Poland.
Charles VII ( reigned 1422 – 1461 ) established the first French standing army, the Compagnies d ' ordonnance, and defeated the Plantagenets once at Patay ( 1429 ) and again, using cannons, at Formigny ( 1450 ).
* 1461 – Wars of the Roses in England: Lancastrian King Henry VI is deposed by his Yorkist cousin, who then becomes King Edward IV.
* 1461 – Wars of the Roses: Battle of Towton – Edward of York defeats Queen Margaret to become King Edward IV of England.
1461 and Wars
After the Battle of Mortimer's Cross in 1461, during the Wars of the Roses, the defeated Lancastrian leader Owen Tudor ( grandfather of the future Henry VII of England ) was taken to Hereford by Sir Roger Vaughan and executed in High Town.
Later, in the 15th century under the ownership of Richard, Duke of York, the castle was a major base in the Wars of the Roses and was taken by the Lancastrians in 1459 but back in York hands in 1461.
In 1461, following the Wars of the Roses, the House of York took the throne from the House of Lancaster and Cambridge's conviction and execution was annulled at the new king's first parliament, according to historian T B Pugh, as " irregular and unlawful ".
Henry Percy was succeeded by his son Henry Percy, 3rd Earl of Northumberland, who himself died fighting in the Wars of the Roses, at the Battle of Towton on 29 March 1461.
The Battle of Ferrybridge, 28 March 1461, was a small engagement between the houses of York and Lancaster before the larger battle of Towton, during the period known as the Wars of the Roses.
Early on in the Wars of the Roses he was a resolute defender of the House of Lancaster, but changed his allegiance to York before the Battle of Towton in 1461.
The area around Ackworth has been the scene for a number of historically important battles, the Battle of Wakefield in 1460 and the Battle of Towton in 1461 were important battles in the Wars of the Roses.
Sir John de Mowbray, 3rd Duke of Norfolk KG, Earl Marshal ( 12 September 1415 – 6 November 1461 ) was an important player in the Wars of the Roses.
* Henry Percy, 3rd Earl of Northumberland ( 1421 – 1461 ) ( forfeit 1461 ), Lancastrian leader in the Wars of the Roses
1461 and Roses
* Sir David ap Mathew of Llandaff ( 1400-1484 ), Grand Standard Bearer of England to Edward IV, fought in the War of The Roses at the Battle of Towton on 29 March 1461, and is credited for saving King Edward IV's life.
Sir David ap Mathew was ' Grand Standard Bearer Of England ', granted under King Edward IV, for saving his life at the Battle of Towton, 29 March 1461 ( War Of The Roses ).
1461 and Battle
On 17 February 1461 the Second Battle of St Albans on Bernards Heath north of the town centre resulted in a Lancastrian victory.
They returned to England following the defeat of the Lancastrians at the Battle of Towton and participated in the coronation of Richard's eldest brother as King Edward IV in 1461.
He lived until 1461, when he was executed by the Yorkists following the Battle of Mortimer's Cross in Herefordshire.
She followed up with a victory at the Second Battle of St Albans ( at which she was present ) on 17 February 1461.
The Lancastrian army was beaten at the Battle of Towton on 29 March 1461 by the son of the late Duke of York, Edward IV of England, who deposed King Henry and proclaimed himself king.
In about 1452, she married Sir John Grey of Groby, who was killed at the Second Battle of St Albans in 1461, fighting for the Lancastrian cause, which would become a source of irony as Edward IV was the Yorkist claimant to the throne.
In 1461 the Yorkist claimant, Edward, Earl of March, was proclaimed King Edward IV and defeated the supporters of the weak, intermittently insane Lancastrian king Henry VI at the Battle of Towton.
On 2 February 1461, as a man of advanced years, Owen led the Lancastrian forces at the Battle of Mortimer's Cross against Edward, Earl of March.
After demonstrating his military prowess on the field during the Battle of Towton, he won the admiration of Edward IV of England who made him Constable of Norwich Castle, High Sheriff of Norfolk and Suffolk ( 1461 ), Treasurer of the Royal Household ( 1468 ) and a Knight of the Garter ( 1471 ).
After defeat at the Battle of Towton, Henry VI of England crossed the Solway in August 1461 to land at Kirkcudbright in support of Queen Margaret at Linlithgow.
It was held against King Edward until its surrender in mid-September 1461 after the Battle of Towton.
In 1460, following the Battle of Northampton, Queen Margaret of Anjou fled to the castle and between 1461 – 68 it was held by her Lancastrian supporters, under the command of Dafydd ap Ieuan, against the Yorkist Edward IV.
* 1461 – At the Battle of Towton, wind conditions resulted in arrows falling amongst friendly troops as well as the enemy.
The Yorkists crushed the Lancastrians at the Battle of Towton on 29 March 1461, and Edward IV, the first king from the House of York, took the throne.
After the Yorkist victory at Northampton he was released, but was captured again at the Second Battle of St Albans in 1461.
The Battle of Mortimer's Cross was fought on 2 February 1461 near Wigmore, Herefordshire ( between Leominster and Leintwardine, by the River Lugg ).
He was the principal Lancastrian commander at the Lancastrian victories of the Battle of Wakefield ( 1460 ) and the Second Battle of St Albans ( 1461 ), and the Lancastrian defeat at the Battle of Towton ( 1461 ), fleeing to Scotland after escaping the field at Towton.
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