* 1538 – Bogotá, Colombia, is founded by Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada.

* 1574 – Louis of Nassau, Dutch general ( b. 1538 )

* 1599 – Maeda Toshiie, Japanese general ( b. 1538 )

On 9 November 1555 Cardinal Ippolito II d ' Este ( famed as the builder of the Villa d ' Este at Tivoli ), wrote to Guglielmo Gonzaga, Duke of Mantua ( 1538 – 1587 ), that he has heard that His Grace is interested in his cantoretti, and offering to send him two, so that he could choose one for his own service.

The Bible describes Jesus ' tomb as being outside the city wall, as was normal for burials across the ancient world, which were regarded as unclean, but the Church of the Holy Sepulchre is in the heart of Hadrian's city, well within the Old City walls, which were built by Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent in 1538 Some have claimed that the city had been much narrower in Jesus ' time, with the site then having been outside the walls ; since Herod Agrippa ( 41 – 44 ) is recorded by history as extending the city to the north ( beyond the present northern walls ), the required repositioning of the western wall is traditionally attributed to him as well.

* 1598 – Philips van Marnix, lord of Sint-Aldegonde, Dutch writer and statesman ( b. 1538 )

# Francesco Maria I della Rovere ( 1490 – 1538 )

Diego de Almagro, ( c. 1475 – July 8, 1538 ), also known as El Adelantado and El Viejo ( The Elder ), was a Spanish conquistador and a companion and later rival of Francisco Pizarro.

* 1538 – Treaty of Nagyvarad between Ferdinand I and John Zápolya.

* Dorothy Catherine of Brandenburg-Ansbach ( 1538 – 1604 ) married in 1556 Henry V of Plauen, Burgrave of Meissen.

* 1538 – Maeda Toshiie, Japanese general ( d. 1599 )

* 1538 – Louis of Nassau, Dutch general ( d. 1574 )

* 1538 – Geneva expels John Calvin and his followers from the city.

* 1538 – John Forrest, English friar and martyr ( b. 1471 )

Important naval victories of the Ottoman Empire in this period include the Battle of Preveza ( 1538 ); Battle of Ponza ( 1552 ); Battle of Djerba ( 1560 ); conquest of Algiers ( in 1516 and 1529 ) and Tunis ( in 1534 and 1574 ) from Spain ; conquest of Rhodes ( 1522 ) and Tripoli ( 1551 ) from the Knights of St. John ; capture of Nice ( 1543 ) from the Holy Roman Empire ; capture of Corsica ( 1553 ) from the Republic of Genoa ; capture of the Balearic Islands ( 1558 ) from Spain ; capture of Aden ( 1548 ), Muscat ( 1552 ) and Aceh ( 1565 – 67 ) from Portugal during the Indian Ocean expeditions ; among others.

* 1538 – The first university in the New World, the Universidad Santo Tomás de Aquino, is established.

* 1538 – Ottoman – Venetian War: The Ottoman Navy scores a decisive victory over a Holy League fleet in the Battle of Preveza.

* Guglielmo I Gonzaga ( 1538 – 1587 ), Duke of Mantua

* April 14 – Louis of Nassau, Dutch general ( b. 1538 )

* July 10 – Joan Terès i Borrull, viceroy of Catalonia ( b. 1538 )

* December 15 – Philips van Marnix, lord of Sint-Aldegonde, Dutch writer and statesman ( b. 1538 )

* October 28 – Ashikaga Yoshihide, Japanese shogun ( b. 1538 )

* February 13 – Gian Paolo Lomazzo, Italian painter ( b. 1538 )

By September 1538 Calvin had taken up his new position in Strasbourg, fully expecting that this time it would be permanent ; a few months later, he applied for and was granted citizenship of the city.

Sailing on to India, the Ottomans failed against the Portuguese at the Siege of Diu in September 1538, but then returned to Aden where they fortified the city with 100 pieces of artillery.

They were founded in 1538 in Naples by the Venerable Maria Laurentia Longo, who was Abbess of the Poor Clare monastery of that city.

The synod met in Zürich from 28 May to 4 April 1538, but Bucer failed to win over a single city.

The city was burned down by the Tatars in 1513, by the Ottomans in 1538, and by Imperial Russian troops in 1686.

The city was part of the Venetian Albania province of the Venetian Republic from 1420 to 1797, except for periods of Ottoman rule in 1538 – 1571 and 1657-1699.

But this time Pizarro's envoy met the bellicose resistance of a curaca called Huamán, whom they had to defeat before coming to their destination, where they founded the mentioned city on September 5, 1538.

Bogotá starts the usual celebrations one day in advance in commemoration of the foundation of the city, on August 6, 1538.

Together with Sebastián de Belalcázar, Federmann re-founded the city of Bogotá on April 27, 1539 after Jiménez de Quesada failed to fulfill the official requirements of the Spanish Crown concerning the founding of a settlement when he attempted to establish a first Bogotá on August 6, 1538.

Despite their conversion to Protestantism, the citizens of Geneva were not ready to adopt Calvin's new strict Church order, and banned him and Farel from the city in 1538.

* Spanish colonial city, and its surrounding province, founded with the name of Ciudad de la Plata de la Nueva Toledo in 1538 ( later variously called La Plata, Chuquisaca, Charcas and Sucre ) in Upper Peru ; seat of the Real Audiencia of Charcas and later of an intendancy established in 1782 within the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata

Between 1536 and 1538, when the Spanish colonist founded the city of Gracias, there was Lepaera already, as well as other municipalities.

Guayaquil was founded on July 25, 1538 with the name Muy Noble y Muy Leal Ciudad de Santiago de Guayaquil ( Most Noble and Most Loyal City of St. James of Guayaquil ) by Spanish Conquistador Francisco de Orellana.

It was founded decades after other major Spanish settlements in the region, such as Quito ( 1534 ), Guayaquil ( 1538 ), and Loja ( 1548 ).

is: 1538

The figure of Jane Seymour in the mural is related to Holbein's sketch and painting of her. Portrait of Edward VI of England | Edward VI as a Child, c. 1538.

Apparently, most are now impossible to commit as there is a ban on using wands against an opponent ( imposed in 1538 ).

The lowest point in the county is the Spokane River behind Long Lake Dam ( boundary of Stevens County ) at 1538 feet ( 468 m ) above sea level.

Perhaps the first to realize this was incorrect and that the obliquity is decreasing at a relatively constant rate ( during historic time ) was Fracastoro in 1538.

Wakefield was dubbed the " Merrie City " in the Middle Ages and in 1538 John Leland described it as, " a very quick market town and meately large ; well served of fish and flesh both from sea and by rivers ... so that all vitaile is very good and chepe there.

* The Renaissance-style Rumbeke Castle dates from 1538 and is pleasantly located within the Sterrebos forest.

In Catalonia, it is common for villages to present different passion plays every Easter, like the ones in Esparreguera, Olesa de Montserrat or Cervera, first documented in 1538.

The Grim Reaper is often depicted as a hooded skeleton holding a scythe ( and occasionally an hourglass ), which has been attributed to Hans Holbein the Younger ( 1538 ).

It was occupied by six anchorites from 1383 to c. 1538, and is now a museum known as the Anker's House.

A more enduring structure was to replace this in 1538, when the road leading to the seafront, known as Harbour Street, was cut into the rough chalk ground on which Broadstairs is built, by another George Culmer.

In a document dated 1 January 1538 Francesco is listed as a member of the household of Cardinal Alessandro Farnese, a famous patron of the arts.

It is best known as the location of Woburn Abbey ( a stately home ), founded by Cistercian monks in 1145 and bequeathed to the first Earl of Bedford in 1538 after the dissolution of the monasteries, and Woburn Safari Park.

Clovio likely returned to Rome by the end of 1538 when he is known to have met with the writer Francisco de Hollanda.

Thomas Howell ( born about 1538 ), who is thought to have hailed from Dunster, Somerset, with roots in Caerfyrddyn, may have been one of the gentry encouraged to learn Latin at the time.

In or immediately before 1538 he moved to Rome where he obtained an appointment with the papal choir at St. Peter's Basilica ; many composers from the Netherlands served as singers there throughout this era, and it is even possible that he went to Rome before coming to Florence.

In her first volume of poetry ( 1528 ) the Lutherans are scarcely mentioned and focus lies on her personal experience of faith, but in that of 1538 every page is occupied with invectives against them.

Very little is known about Clavius ' early life other than the fact that he was born in Bamberg in either 1538 or 1537 ( the exact year is somewhat unknown and depends on when one assumes a new year begins ).