* 1651 – André Dacier, French scholar ( d. 1722 )

* 1651 – Jean-Baptiste de La Salle, French educational reformer and Catholic saint ( d. 1719 )

* 1604 – Tokugawa Iemitsu, Japanese 3rd shogun of the Tokugawa dynasty ( d. 1651 )

* 1573 – Maximilian I, Elector of Bavaria ( d. 1651 )

The oldest undisputed evidence of the use of astrology as an integrated system of knowledge is therefore attributed to the records of the first dynasty of Mesopotamia ( 1950 – 1651 BCE ).

The English Civil War ( 1642 – 1651 ) provoked a number of examples of this genre, including works by Sir Edmund Ludlow and Sir John Reresby.

* 1702 – Jean Bart, French admiral ( b. 1651 )

* 1651 – Lennart Torstenson, Swedish soldier and engineer ( b. 1603 )

* 1719 – Jean-Baptiste de La Salle, French saint ( b. 1651 )

Cuyp ( 1594 – 1651 / 52 ), he is especially known for his large views of the Dutch countryside in early morning or late afternoon light.

His father, Étienne Pascal ( 1588 – 1651 ), who also had an interest in science and mathematics, was a local judge and member of the " Noblesse de Robe ".

The Apothecary or The Chemist by Gabriël Metsu ( c. 1651 – 67 )

The English Civil War ( 1642 – 1651 ) was a series of armed conflicts and political machinations between Parliamentarians ( Roundheads ) and Royalists ( Cavaliers ).

* 1694 – Nataliya Kyrillovna Naryshkina, Russian noble ( b. 1651 )

** the Regency of Anne of Austria and her minister Cardinal Mazarin, 1643 – 1651

* 1651 – The Deluge: Khmelnytsky Uprising – the Battle of Beresteczko ends with a Polish victory.

* 1604 – Heinrich Albert, German composer and poet ( d. 1651 )

* 1651 – Ferdinand Tobias Richter, Austrian composer and organist ( d. 1711 )

* 1711 – Blessed Joseph Vaz, Apostle of Ceylon ( b. 1651 )

* 1651 – Henry Booth, 1st Earl of Warrington, English politician ( d. 1694 )

The second half of the century saw no composers equal in stature, but in the early 17th century Johannes Hieronymus Kapsberger ( c. 1580 – 1651 ) and Alessandro Piccinini ( 1566 – 1638 ) revolutionized the instrument's technique and Kapsberger, possibly, influenced the keyboard music of Frescobaldi.

The French Baroque school is exemplified by composers such as Ennemond Gaultier ( 1575 – 1651 ), Denis Gaultier ( 1597 / 1603 – 1672 ), François Dufaut ( before 1604 – before 1672 ) and many others.

* January 16 – Blessed Joseph Vaz, Apostle of Ceylon ( b. 1651 )

Joseph Vaz ( 1651 – 1711 ).

On December 13 1651, the Sisters of St. Joseph presented themselves to the Royal Notary in LePuy for their legal incorporation.

Alexandre de Rhodes, a French Jesuit priest, improved on earlier work by Portuguese missionaries and developed the Vietnamese romanized alphabet Quốc Ngữ in Dictionarium Annamiticum Lusitanam et Latinum in 1651.

Following ordination as a priest in 1651, he was appointed as a resident chaplain at the church, though he continued to be actively involved in the music, and was given the title of First Organist in 1653, at about the time Maurizio Cazzati was appointed maestro di cappella.

* Kösem Sultan-( 1581 – 1651 ) also known as Mehpeyker Sultan was the most powerful woman in Ottoman history, consort and favourite concubine of Ottoman Sultan Ahmed I ( r. 1603-1617 ), she became Valide Sultan from 1623 – 1651, when her sons Murad IV and Ibrahim I and her grandson Mehmed IV ( 1648 – 1687 ) reigned as Ottoman sultans ; she was the daughter of a priest from the island of Tinos-her maiden name was Anastasia

In 1651, Henry Hodgetts, a farmer, of Sedgley was dying and his wife summoned an itinerant priest, Fr Peter Turner, SJ to gave him the last sacraments.

In 1640, he entered the Jesuit novitiate and was ordained a priest in 1651.

* 1651 – Karl II, Elector Palatine ( d. 1685 )

* 1651 – Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz, Mexican mystic and author ( d. 1695 )

* 1651 – Natalya Naryshkina, Russian wife of Alexis of Russia ( d. 1694 )

* 1651 – Engelbert Kaempfer, German physician ( d. 1716 )

** Torii Tadaharu, Japanese nobleman ( d. 1651 )

* April 17 – Maximilian I, Elector of Bavaria ( d. 1651 )

* November 27 – Pierre Dupuy, French scholar ( d. 1651 )

** Mikołaj Potocki, Polish politician ( d. 1651 )

* August 17 – Lennart Torstenson, Dutch soldier and military engineer ( d. 1651 )

** Mikołaj Ostroróg, Polish nobleman ( d. 1651 )

* August 12 – Tokugawa Iemitsu, Japanese shogun ( d. 1651 )

* December 14 – William Hamilton, 2nd Duke of Hamilton, Scottish nobleman ( d. 1651 )

* May 2 – Étienne Pascal, French mathematician ( d. 1651 )

** Jacob Praetorius, German composer and organist ( d. 1651 )

* July 13 – Arthur Dee, English physician and alchemist ( d. 1651 )

* October 12 – Jacques Sirmond, French scholar and Jesuit ( d. 1651 )

** Job of Pochayiv, Ukrainian Christian Orthodox Saint ( d. 1651 )