* 1680 – Pueblo Indians capture Santa Fe from Spanish during the Pueblo Revolt.

* 1680 – The Pueblo Revolt begins in New Mexico.

Edward Teach ( c. 1680 – 22 November 1718 ), better known as Blackbeard, was a notorious English pirate who operated around the West Indies and the eastern coast of the American colonies.

These reformed French Breviaries — e. g. the Paris Breviary of 1680 by Archbishop François de Harlay ( 1625 – 1695 ) and that of 1736 by Archbishop Charles Gaspard Guillaume de Vintimille ( 1655 – 1746 )— show a deep knowledge of Holy Scripture, and much careful adaptation of different texts.

* 1680 – Thomas Bartholin, Danish physician, mathematician, and theologian ( b. 1616 )

* 1680 – Emanuele d ' Astorga, Italian composer ( d. 1736 )

* 1610 – Baldassare Ferri, Italian castrato ( d. 1680 )

* 1630 – Shivaji, founder of the Maratha Empire of India ( d. 1680 )

* 1680 – Jean-Baptiste Le Moyne de Bienville, French colonizer and Governor of Louisiana ( d. 1767 )

* 1602 – Per Brahe, Swedish soldier ( d. 1680 )

* 1635 – Johan Göransson Gyllenstierna, Swedish statesman ( d. 1680 )

Gian Lorenzo Bernini ( also spelled Gianlorenzo or Giovanni Lorenzo ) ( Naples, 7 December 1598 – Rome, 28 November 1680 ) was an Italian artist who worked principally in Rome.

** Enlightenment ( 1680 – 1789 )

Heavens on Earth: Utopian Communities in America, 1680 – 1880.

* 1754 – Philippe Néricault Destouches, French dramatist and author ( b. 1680 )

* 1680 – Ebenezer Erskine, Scottish minister ( d. 1754 )

* 1747 – Barthold Heinrich Brockes, German poet ( b. 1680 )

* 1616 – Antoinette Bourignon, Flemish mystic ( d. 1680 )

Jacob Abendana ( 1630 – September 12, 1695 ) was hakham of London from 1680 until his death.

* Sir William Hamilton, 1st Baronet ( c. 1605 – 1680 )

Landau was later occupied by the French from 1680 to 1815, when it was one of the Décapole, the ten free cities of Alsace, and received its modern fortifications by Louis XIV's military architect Vauban in 1688 – 99, making the little city ( population in 1789 was still only approximately 5, 000 ) one of Europe's strongest citadels.

* 1601 – Athanasius Kircher, German scholar ( d. 1680 )

* 1680 – Jean-Baptiste Stuck, Italian-French composer and cellist ( d. 1755 )

A French translation of the second volume by P. T. d ' Antelmy, with additions by Charles Bossut ( 1730 – 1814 ), was published in Paris in 1775 ; and an English translation of the whole work by John Colson ( 1680 – 1760 ), the Lucasian Professor of Mathematics at Cambridge, " inspected " by John Hellins, was published in 1801 at the expense of Baron Maseres.

* 1680 – John Abernethy, Irish Protestant minister ( d. 1740 )

Pepys was born in Salisbury Court, Fleet Street, London on 23 February 1633, to John Pepys ( 1601 – 1680 ), a tailor, and Margaret Pepys ( née Kite ; d. 1667 ), daughter of a Whitechapel butcher.

Two polemical works thought to be his-A Reply to the Reverend Dean of St. Paul's Reflections on the Rector of Sutton, & c. ( 1681 ) and The Rector of Sutton Committed with the Dean of St. Paul's, or, A Defence of Dr. Stillingfleet's Irenicum ( 1680 )-have also been attributed to the Nottingham Presbyterian John Barret.

** John Desborough, English soldier and politician ( d. 1680 )

* May 31 – John George II, Elector of Saxony ( d. 1680 )

* May 3 – John Willison, Scottish minister and writer ( b. 1680 )

* September 27 – John Sidney, 6th Earl of Leicester, English privy councillor ( b. 1680 )

* April 1 – John Wilmot, 2nd Earl of Rochester, English poet ( d. 1680 )

) Newton's reawakening interest in astronomy received further stimulus by the appearance of a comet in the winter of 1680 / 1681, on which he corresponded with John Flamsteed.

* John Buckner, who in 1680 brought the colony its first printing press ;

The house was built between 1660 and 1680 by George Vernon, grandfather of George Venables-Vernon the 1st Baron Vernon and is notable for its superb Great Staircase, fine Long Gallery, and portraits by John Michael Wright, and of Charles II's mistresses.

* John Ligonier, 1st Earl Ligonier, ( 1680 – 1770 ), Commander-in-Chief of the British Army, lived at Cobham Park.

The site was first illustrated by the seventeenth-century antiquarian John Aubrey, whose notes, in the form of his Monumenta Britannica, were published by Dorset Publishing Co. between 1680 and 1682.

Some of his sermons, which John Evelyn found dull, were printed, including Character of the Last Daies, preached before the king, 1675, and a sermon preached before the House of Peers on 22 December 1680.

* John Campbell, 2nd Duke of Argyll, 1st Duke of Greenwich ( 1680 – 1743 ) ( eldest son of the 1st Duke, died without male issue )

To supplement his ' new large Map of England ' from 1677, the English cartographer John Adams compiled the extensive gazetteer " Index Villaris " in 1680 that had some 24, 000 places listed with geographical coordinates coinciding with the map.

" John Adams, His Map of England, Its Projection, and His Index Villaris of 1680 ," The Geographical Journal ( Volume 144, Number 3, 1978 ): 424 – 437.

* John Ker, 5th Earl of Roxburghe ( c. 1680 – 1741 ), 2nd son of the 3rd Earl, became Duke of Roxburghe in 1707

* John Ker, 1st Duke of Roxburghe ( c. 1680 – 1741 ), second son of the 3rd Earl

* Apocalypsis Apocalypseos ; or the Revelation of St. John the Divine unveiled: an exposition from chapter to chapter and from verse to verse of the whole Book of the Apocalypse, 1680.

* Sir John Robinson, 1st Baronet, of London ( 1615 – 1680 ), Lord Mayor of London, MP for the City of London, Middlesex and Rye

* 1680 / 81 John Sherwin Samuel Lealand