* 1664 – Fran &# 231 ; ois Louis, Prince of Conti, French general ( d. 1709 )

* 1709 – Bartolomeu de Gusmão demonstrates the lifting power of hot air in an audience before the King of Portugal in Lisbon, Portugal

* 1709 – Hermann Anton Gelinek, German monk and musician ( d. 1779 )

* 1624 – François de la Chaise, French priest ( d. 1709 )

He afforded refuge in Ottoman territory to Charles XII of Sweden ( 1682 – 1718 ) after the Swedish defeat at the hands of Peter I of Russia ( 1672 – 1725 ) in the Battle of Poltava of 1709.

* 1709 – Meidingnu Pamheiba is crowned King of Manipur.

* 1709 – Charles Collé, French dramatist and songwriter ( d. 1783 )

* Principality of Anhalt-Harzgerode 1635 – 1709

* Aphorismi de cognoscendis et curandis morbis ( Leiden, 1709 ), on which his pupil and assistant, Gerard van Swieten ( 1700 – 1772 ) published a commentary in 5 vols.

* Thierry Ruinart ( 1657 – 1709 )

* 1709 – Abraham a Sancta Clara, Austrian preacher ( b. 1644 )

* 1646 – Robert Bolling, English settler in Virginia ( d. 1709 )

* 1709 – Louise Élisabeth d ' Orléans, queen consort of Spain ( d. 1742 )

Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit ( 24 May 1686 – 16 September 1736 ) was a Dutch-German-Polish physicist, engineer, and glass blower who is best known for inventing the alcohol thermometer ( 1709 ) and the mercury thermometer ( 1714 ), and for developing a temperature scale now named after him.

* 1784 – Samuel Johnson, English writer and lexicographer ( b. 1709 )

* 1709 – Alexander Selkirk is rescued after being shipwrecked on a desert island, inspiring the book Robinson Crusoe by Daniel Defoe.

* 1709 – Tokugawa Tsunayoshi, Japanese shogun ( b. 1646 )

* 1709 – Jacques de Vaucanson, French inventor ( d. 1782 )

* 1646 – Tokugawa Tsunayoshi, Japanese shogun ( d. 1709 )

* 1709 – François Louis, Prince of Conti, French general ( b. 1664 )

* Lady Anne Gordon ( 1675 – 1709 ), married Alexander Montgomerie, 9th Earl of Eglinton

Around 1707 – 1708 he entered the service of Duke Johann Wilhelm of Saxe-Eisenach, becoming Konzertmeister on 24 December 1708 and Secretary and Kapellmeister in August 1709.

* 1709 – Peter the Great defeats Charles XII of Sweden at the Battle of Poltava.

* 1709 – Franz Benda, Czech violinist and composer ( d. 1786 )

Ignaz Holzbauer ( 1711 – 1798 ), the court-director of music, and the court-composer Franz Xaver Richter ( 1709 – 1789 ) also had a hand in his education.

* September 12 – Franz Xaver Richter, composer ( b. 1709 )

Some members of the family followed Major General Joachim Daniel von Jauch ( 1688 – 1754 ) as officers into the Saxon and Polish army, two of them, Franz Georg Jauch ( b. 1681 ) and Heinrich Georg Jauch ( b. 1709 ), serving as lieutenant colonels – colonels in relation to the other regiments ( Linienregimenter – in the Royal Guard of King Augustus II the Strong and King Augustus III of Poland.

** František Benda (" Franz Benda ") ( 1709 – 1786 ), violinist and composer

* December 5 – Hermann Anton Gelinek, organist and violinist ( born 1709 )

Giuseppe Torelli ( 22 April 1658 – 8 February 1709 ) was an Italian violist, violinist, teacher, and composer.

* 1709 – Georg Gebel ( the younger ), German musician and composer ( d. 1753 )

* April 22 – Giuseppe Torelli, Italian composer ( d. 1709 )

Charles Avison, the leading British composer of concertos in the 18th century, was born in Newcastle upon Tyne in 1709 and died there in 1770.

* March 7 – Frantisek Benda, composer ( b. 1709 )

* February 7 – Christoph Schaffrath, composer ( born 1709 )

They are: that the opera Dafne was written and conducted by the composer in Barcelona in 1709 ; that he visited London, where he wrote his Stabat Mater, possibly for the society of " Antient Musick "; that it was performed in Oxford in 1713 ; that in 1712, he was in Vienna.

Later, the baroque composer Charles Avison ( 1709 – 1770 ) was organist and choirmaster at the church.

From 1703 Petzold worked as organist at St. Sophia ( Sophienkirche ) in Dresden, and in 1709 he became court chamber composer and organist.

The year 1709 in music involved some significant events.

He published books on teaching music ( e. g., in 1709 ), and around 1730 he published Recueil de brunettes, which contains vocal music adapted for flute.

* 1709 – Johan Gottschalk Wallerius, Swedish chemist ( d. 1785 )

* 1709 – Dom Bédos de Celles, Benedictine monk best known for being a master pipe organ builder ( d. 1779 )

* 1635 – Luis Manuel Fernández de Portocarrero, Spanish Archbishop ( d. 1709 )

* 1709 – Georg Steller, German naturalist ( d. 1746 )

* 1709 – Anne, Princess Royal and Princess of Orange ( d. 1759 )

* 1709 – Samuel Johnson, English author and lexicographer ( d. 1784 )

* August 25 – François de la Chaise, French churchman ( d. 1709 )

** Anne de Rohan-Chabot, short term mistress of Louis XIV of France ( d. 1709 )

* February 23 – Tokugawa Tsunayoshi, Japanese shogun ( d. 1709 )

* December 26 – Robert Bolling, English settler in Virginia ( d. 1709 )

* August 20 – Thomas Corneille, French dramatist ( d. 1709 )

* January 8 – Luis Manuel Fernández de Portocarrero, Spanish Archbishop of Toledo ( d. 1709 )

* March 20 – Ivan Mazepa, Hetman of Ukraine ( d. 1709 )