* 1744 — Carl Linnaeus suggested reversing the temperature scale of Anders Celsius so that 0 represented the freezing point of water ( 273. 15 K ) and 100 represented the boiling point ( 373. 15 K ).

In 1744 Isaac Van Meter moved to a site near Moorefield — then part of Hampshire County, but now in present-day Hardy County ( see Fort Pleasant ) — where he was later scalped and killed by Indians.

London's initially cool reception of Messiah led Handel to reduce the season's planned six performances to three, and not to present the work at all in 1744 — to the considerable annoyance of Jennens, whose relations with the composer temporarily soured.

His first wife died on 20 June 1743 at Hanover, and in April 1744 he married Lady Sophia Fermor, daughter of Lord Pomfret and Henrietta Louisa Fermor — a fashionable beauty and " reigning toast " of London society, who was younger than his daughters.

Accordingly he attacked the author of the Pleasures of the Imagination — which was published anonymously — in a scathing preface to his Remarks on Several Occasional Reflections, in answer to Dr Middleton ... ( 1744 ).

* John Theophilus Desaguliers — ( 1683 – 1744 ), natural philosopher born in France

The Frenchman Jean-Baptiste Lamarck ( 1744 — 1829 ) published his theory of evolution in Philosophie Zoologique in 1809.

He published in 1744 Three Treatises — on art ; on music, painting and poetry ; and on happiness.

Aleksei Ivanovich Musin-Pushkin ( 1744 — 1817 ), ( also spelled Aleksei Ivanovich Mussin-Pushkin ) count since 1797, statesman, historian and art collector.

Heraclius II () ( November 7, 1720, or October 7, 1721 to Cyril Toumanoff | C. Toumanoff — January 11, 1798 ) was a Georgian monarch of the Bagrationi Dynasty, reigning as the king of Kakheti from 1744 to 1762, and of Kartli and Kakheti from 1762 until 1798.

During the reign of Siba Singha ( 1714 – 1744 ), the king gave his royal umbrella and royal insignia to his queens — Phuleshwari Kunwori, Ambika Kunwori and Anadari Kunwori in succession — to rule the kingdom.

* Archimandrite Gervasius ( Lentsovsky ), 1744 — 1755

Howard was not the first to attempt a classification of clouds — Jean-Baptiste Lamarck ( 1744 – 1829 ) had earlier proposed a list of descriptive terms in French — but the success of Howard's system was due to his use of universal Latin, as well as to his emphasis on the mutability of clouds.

* 1744 — Vyborg Governorate was formed on the recently acquired parts of Finland ; also included portions of St. Petersburg Governorate.

* 1744 — Orenburg Governorate was created from the lands annexed from Siberian and Astrakhan Governorates.

* 1744 to 1806 — East Frisia and its islands belong to Prussia.

In 1744, he and François Rebel, his lifelong colleague and friend, were appointed inspecteurs musicaux ( music directors ) of the Paris Opera — centre of the French music world — becoming responsible for all phases of its management in 1757.

* 1744 — A tropical cyclone struck the island of Picl, ruining the parishes of Praina do Galeão, Praia do Norte and São Roque and also in Água de Pau

In 1717, Astrakhan Governorate was separated from Kazan Governorate ; in 1719 — Nizhny Novgorod ; in 1744 — Orenburg ; in 1781 — Vyatka, Simbirsk, and Ufa Governorates were separated.

Edmund Halley ( 1720 ) and Jean-Philippe de Cheseaux ( 1744 ) noted independently that the assumption of an infinite space filled uniformly with stars would lead to the prediction that the nighttime sky would be as bright as the sun itself ; this became known as Olbers ' paradox in the 19th century.

* 1744 – Alexandrine Le Normant d ' Étiolles, French daughter of Madame de Pompadour ( d. 1754 )

From 1743 to 1744, Rousseau had an honorable but ill-paying post as a secretary to the Comte de Montaigue, the French ambassador to Venice.

In 1744 Bishop Francisco Javier de Luna Victoria y Castro established the College of San Ignacio de Loyola and on June 3, 1749 founded La Real y Pontificia Universidad de San Javier.

* Gaspar Melchor de Jovellanos ( 1744 – 1811 ), Main figure of the Spanish Enlightenment.

de: 1744

* Marie-Anne de Mailly-Nesle duchess de Châteauroux ( 1717 – 1744 )

* October 5 – Marie-Anne de Mailly-Nesle duchess de Châteauroux, French mistress of King Louis XV of France ( d. 1744 )

Navarro and de Court went on to Toulon, where they remained till February 1744.

In February 1744, a French fleet of twenty sail of the line entered the English Channel under Jacques Aymar, comte de Roquefeuil, before the British force under Admiral John Norris was ready to oppose him.

Eberhard Kindermann sent an airship to the planets in 1744 in Die Geschwinde Reise auf dem Lufft-schiff nach der obern Welt (" The Airship's Speedy Journey to the Upper World "); while a traveller from the star Sirius passes inward through the Solar System, stopping at various planets in Voltaire's Micromégas ( 1752 ); followed by another outward voyage in Marie-Anne de Roumier-Robert's Voyage de Milord Céton dans les Sept Planètes (" Lord Seton's Voyage Among the Seven Planets ", 1765 ).

* Thomas de Mahy, Marquis de Favras ( 1744 – 1790 ), royalist

The first party to publish ( 1744 ) an account of their visit was that of Dr. Richard Pococke, Mr. William Windham and other racists, such as the Englishmen who visited the Mer de Glace in 1741.

By 1744, over 300 Indian converts resided at San Antonio de Valero.

Jean-Baptiste Pierre Antoine de Monet, Chevalier de la Marck ( 1 August 1744 – 18 December 1829 ), often known simply as Lamarck, was a French naturalist.

Artistic academies were established all over Europe by the end of the 18th century, and many, like the Akademie der Künste in Berlin ( founded 1696 ), the Real Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando in Madrid ( founded 1744 ), the Imperial Academy of Arts in Saint Petersburg ( 1757 ), the Royal Academy in London ( 1768 ) and the Accademia di Belle Arti di Brera in Milan ( 1776 ) still run art schools and hold large exhibitions, although their influence on taste greatly declined from the late 19th century.

* 1744 ( Enkyō 1 ): Great comet was visible in sky for many months ; this comet is likely to have been what is today identified as C / 1743 X1 ( De Cheseaux ).... Click link for online Harvard-Smithsonian / NASA Astrophysics Data System

It was not until early 1744 that the content of the plot was known, and this happened when he sent Aaron Hill two chapters to read.

But disputes about the grants, combined with the outbreak in 1744 of the French and Indian War, made it untenable to remain in Rindge, so early settlers abandoned it.

The day-long event recognizes the early days of the small borough, when, in 1744, a licensed Indian trader named John Hart used a large hollowed-out log to feed and salt his horses while he conducted his trading.

As early as December 1744, Saxe had prepared plans for a spring offensive in the Low Countries.

In his early days Joseph wrote poetry, of which the most notable piece is The Enthusiast ( 1744 ), an early precursor of Romanticism.

In 1789, Thomas Jefferson is fabled to have returned from 5 years in Europe with a waffle iron, setting off a fad for waffle frolics ( waffle parties ), though waffle frolics had been documented as early as 1744 in New Jersey, and the Dutch had long since established waffles in New Amsterdam ( New York City ).

Writing to his friend so early as 1744, Akenside said that the intimacy had " the force of an additional conscience, of a new principle of religion ", and there seems to have been no break in their affection.

The south chapel was destroyed about 1310, before, or at the time that the early 14th-century window was inserted in the south wall of the chancel, but the north chapel was standing in 1744.

He had an unremarkable childhood, and was eclipsed in his early years by his older brother John Hadley ( 1682 – 1744 ), the inventor of the octant ( a precursor to the sextant ).

Pierre François André Méchain ( 16 August 1744 – 20 September 1804 ) was a French astronomer and surveyor who, with Charles Messier, was a major contributor to the early study of deep sky objects and comets.

" Base-ball " had appeared in 1744 in A Little Pretty Pocket-Book, but no copies of the first edition or other early editions have surfaced to date, only the 10th and later editions of Pocket-Book, from 1760 forward.

At the time of the arrival of the first Cossacks to the peninsula, in the early 1650s, villages numbered between 200 and 300 residents, a number which had dwindled to 40 or 50 at most by the time of the composition of Steller ’ s account in 1744.

Thomas got his early education at the Boston Latin School, and then attended Harvard, where he graduated in 1744.

Charles continued to believe that he could reclaim the kingdom and recalled that early in 1744 a small number of Scottish Highland clan chieftains had sent a message that they would rise if he arrived with as few as 3, 000 French troops.

One historian suggests that the French were probably using Beauséjour Ridge, just to the west of the Missiguash, as a camp as early as 1744.

The elder Wiedewelt recognised his son ’ s talents early, and the boy trained under the Italian history painter Hieronimo Miani, one of the two leaders of the Drawing and Painting Academy ( Tegne-og Malerakademiet ) in Copenhagen along with Louis August le Clerc, as early as perhaps 1744.