* 1744 – Alexandrine Le Normant d ' Étiolles, French daughter of Madame de Pompadour ( d. 1754 )

From 1743 to 1744, Rousseau had an honorable but ill-paying post as a secretary to the Comte de Montaigue, the French ambassador to Venice.

In 1744 Bishop Francisco Javier de Luna Victoria y Castro established the College of San Ignacio de Loyola and on June 3, 1749 founded La Real y Pontificia Universidad de San Javier.

* Gaspar Melchor de Jovellanos ( 1744 – 1811 ), Main figure of the Spanish Enlightenment.

Edmund Halley ( 1720 ) and Jean-Philippe de Cheseaux ( 1744 ) noted independently that the assumption of an infinite space filled uniformly with stars would lead to the prediction that the nighttime sky would be as bright as the sun itself ; this became known as Olbers ' paradox in the 19th century.

* Marie-Anne de Mailly-Nesle duchess de Châteauroux ( 1717 – 1744 )

* October 5 – Marie-Anne de Mailly-Nesle duchess de Châteauroux, French mistress of King Louis XV of France ( d. 1744 )

Navarro and de Court went on to Toulon, where they remained till February 1744.

In February 1744, a French fleet of twenty sail of the line entered the English Channel under Jacques Aymar, comte de Roquefeuil, before the British force under Admiral John Norris was ready to oppose him.

* 1744 — Jean-Philippe de Cheseaux puts forth an early form of Olbers ' paradox

Eberhard Kindermann sent an airship to the planets in 1744 in Die Geschwinde Reise auf dem Lufft-schiff nach der obern Welt (" The Airship's Speedy Journey to the Upper World "); while a traveller from the star Sirius passes inward through the Solar System, stopping at various planets in Voltaire's Micromégas ( 1752 ); followed by another outward voyage in Marie-Anne de Roumier-Robert's Voyage de Milord Céton dans les Sept Planètes (" Lord Seton's Voyage Among the Seven Planets ", 1765 ).

* Thomas de Mahy, Marquis de Favras ( 1744 – 1790 ), royalist

The first party to publish ( 1744 ) an account of their visit was that of Dr. Richard Pococke, Mr. William Windham and other racists, such as the Englishmen who visited the Mer de Glace in 1741.

By 1744, over 300 Indian converts resided at San Antonio de Valero.

Jean-Baptiste Pierre Antoine de Monet, Chevalier de la Marck ( 1 August 1744 – 18 December 1829 ), often known simply as Lamarck, was a French naturalist.

Artistic academies were established all over Europe by the end of the 18th century, and many, like the Akademie der Künste in Berlin ( founded 1696 ), the Real Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando in Madrid ( founded 1744 ), the Imperial Academy of Arts in Saint Petersburg ( 1757 ), the Royal Academy in London ( 1768 ) and the Accademia di Belle Arti di Brera in Milan ( 1776 ) still run art schools and hold large exhibitions, although their influence on taste greatly declined from the late 19th century.