The movement was particularly dominated by François Quesnay ( 1694 – 1774 ) and Anne-Robert-Jacques Turgot ( 1727 – 1781 ).

* 1774 – British scientist Joseph Priestley discovered oxygen gas, corroborating the prior discovery of this element by German-Swedish chemist Carl Wilhelm Scheele.

* 1774 – Robert Southey, English poet and biographer ( d. 1843 )

* 1714 – Duke Anthony Ulrich of Brunswick ( d. 1774 )

* 1774 – Elizabeth Ann Seton, American nun and saint ( d. 1821 )

* Johnny Appleseed John Chapman ( September 26, 1774 – March 18, 1845 ), also known as Johnny Appleseed, was an American pioneer nurseryman who introduced apple trees to large parts of Pennsylvania, Ohio, Indiana, and Illinois.

* 1774 – Jean-Baptiste Biot, French physicist ( d. 1862 )

He was the son of sultan Ahmed III ( 1703 – 30 ) and succeeded his brother Mustafa III ( 1757 – 74 ) on January 21, 1774.

* Guillaume du Tillot ( 1711 – 1774 ), politician

** Louis XV ( 1715 – 1774 )

** Louis XVI ( 1774 – 1792 )

** Louis IV ( 1715 – 1774 )

** Louis V ( 1774 – 1792 )

* Louis XV ( 1715 – 1774 )

* Louis XVI ( 1774 – 1793 )

* Éléments de physiologie ( 1773 – 1774 )

* 1774 – Johann Friedrich Agricola, German composer and organist ( b. 1720 )

In 1819 Brewster undertook further editorial work by establishing, in conjunction with Robert Jameson ( 1774 – 1854 ), the Edinburgh Philosophical Journal, which took the place of the Edinburgh magazine.

* Mary Parker Jr ( 1774 – 1859 )

* 1722 – Tiphaigne de la Roche, French writer ( d. 1774 )

* 1774 – Prince Adolphus, 1st Duke of Cambridge ( d. 1850 )

* 1710 – King Louis XV of France ( d. 1774 )

* 1774 – Hans Järta, Swedish political activist ( d. 1847 )

Provoked by Russian expansion down the Alaska coast Juan José Pérez Hernández explored the Pacific coast in 1774, followed by James Cook in 1778.

The first European to sight Niue was Captain James Cook in 1774.

The British first sighted New Caledonia on 4 September 1774, during the second voyage of Captain James Cook.

The first European known to have sighted the island was Captain James Cook, in 1774, on his second voyage to the South Pacific on HMS Resolution.

* 1774 – New Caledonia is first sighted by Europeans, during the second voyage of Captain James Cook.

Anticipating the arrangement of the British Commonwealth, by 1774 American writers such as Samuel Adams, James Wilson, and Thomas Jefferson were arguing that Parliament was the legislature of Great Britain only, and that the colonies, which had their own legislatures, were connected to the rest of the empire only through their allegiance to the Crown.

According to Heyerdahl, something happened between Admiral Roggeveen's discovery of the island in 1722 and James Cook's visit in 1774 ; while Roggeveen encountered white, Indian, and Polynesian people living in relative harmony and prosperity, Cook encountered a much smaller population consisting mainly of Polynesians and living in privation.

The House, situated near the Strand in central London, had been purpose-designed by the Adam Brothers ( James Adam and Robert Adam ) as part of their innovative Adelphi scheme completed in 1774.

In 1774 the Parloe's chess club, on St James street, in London, was created and Philidor obtained a remuneration as a chess master every year, for a regular season from February to June.

* James Stephen ( 1758-1832 ), slavery abolitionist – his father moved the family home to Stoke Newington in 1774.

Harrodsburg was founded on June 16, 1774 by James Harrod, the first city in Kentucky.

Errol was granted by Governor John Wentworth to Timothy Ruggles and others in 1774, the name taken from Scotland's James Hay, 15th Earl of Erroll.

Granted as Lloyd's Hills in 1774 by Colonial Governor John Wentworth, the town was named for James Lloyd of Boston.

Although it was not used as his main residence, his wife Georgiana Spencer, a prominent but controversial figure in fashion and politics whom he married in 1774, used the house as a retreat and as a Whig stronghold for many years, being the place of death of Charles James Fox in 1806.

Georgiana was personally responsible for the building of the Classical Bridge in 1774, designed by the architect James Wyatt, and the planting of roses on the walls of the new wings and the sides of the buildings.

It was constructed in 1774 to the designs of James Wyatt ( 1757 – 1806 ).

He died before it was completed in 1774 and it was inherited by his heir, James Ivers, who had to take the surname ' Trecothick ' in order to inherit the estate.

In 1774 the Rees family hired James Barry ( or Jimmy Berry ) to manage the inn, which henceforth became known as " Berry's Tavern ".

Colonel James Allison settled in the Township in 1774 as one of the first settlers on Chartiers Creek.

It was settled by James Alexander in 1774 and originally charted in 1799.

The geologist James Hutton became very involved in the canal between 1767 and 1774 ; he contributed his geological knowledge, made extended site inspections, and acted both as a shareholder and as a member of the management committee.

James Watt was unable to have an accurately bored cylinder for his first steam engine, trying for several years until John Wilkinson invented a suitable boring machine in 1774, boring Boulton & Watt's first commercial engine in 1776.

Other connections were formed also in the village of Stoke Newington a few miles north of London, where James Stephen's father leased a family home from 1774 onwards called Summerhouse.

The Field of Cloth of Gold, coloured print by James Basire in 1774, from a 16th century oil painting in the Royal Collection.