* 1867 – Philipp August Böckh, German scholar and antiquarian ( b. 1785 )

* 1785 – Thomas De Quincey, English author ( d. 1859 )

* 1785 – Oliver Hazard Perry, American naval officer ( d. 1819 )

* 1785 – Alexandre Pierre François Boëly, French composer ( d. 1858 )

* Benjamin Franklin: First American Diplomat, 1776 – 1785 US State Department

Carlo-Maria ( Ajaccio 1746 – Montpellier 1785 ) married Maria Letizia Ramolino ( Ajaccio 1750 – Rome 1836 ) in 1764.

The current resistance to Russian rule has its roots in the late 18th century ( 1785 – 1791 ), a period when Russia expanded into territories formerly under the dominion of Turkey and Persia ( see also the Russo-Turkish Wars and Russo-Persian War ( 1804 – 1813 )), under Mansur Ushurma — a Chechen Naqshbandi ( Sufi ) Sheikh — with wavering support from other North Caucasian tribes.

In 1832, Lyell married Mary Horner of Bonn, daughter of Leonard Horner ( 1785 – 1864 ), also associated with the Geological Society of London.

* 1785 – Dorothea Lieven, Russian noblewoman ( d. 1857 )

* 1696 – James Oglethorpe, English general and founder of the state of Georgia ( d. 1785 )

* 1714 – Gottfried August Homilius, German composer ( d. 1785 )

* 1756 – Karel Blažej Kopřiva, Czech composer ( d. 1785 )

In Hesse-Kassel, the Landgrave Frederick II, ruled 1760 – 1785 as an enlightened despot, and raised money by renting soldiers ( called " Hessians ") to Great Britain to help fight the American Revolutionary War.

The Brothers Grimm ( 1785 – 1863 & 1786 – 1859 ) not only wrote the popular Grimm's Fairy Tales, but were among the founding fathers of German philology and German studies.

File: Grimm. jpg | Brothers Grimm ( 1785 – 1863 & 1786 – 1859 )

* Arndt, Karl J. R. George Rapp's Harmony Society, 1785 – 1847.

* 1714 – Jean-Baptiste Pigalle, French sculptor ( d. 1785 )

* 1716 – George Germain, 1st Viscount Sackville, British soldier and politician ( d. 1785 )

* 1841 – David Wilkie, Scottish artist ( b. 1785 )

* 1785 – The dollar is unanimously chosen as the monetary unit for the United States.

Argon ( αργος, Greek meaning " inactive ", in reference to its chemical inactivity ) was suspected to be present in air by Henry Cavendish in 1785 but was not isolated until 1894 by Lord Rayleigh and Sir William Ramsay in Scotland in an experiment in which they removed all of the oxygen, carbon dioxide, water and nitrogen from a sample of clean air.

The use of D. purpurea extract containing cardiac glycosides for the treatment of heart conditions was first described in the English-speaking medical literature by William Withering, in 1785, which is considered the beginning of modern therapeutics. It is used to increase cardiac contractility ( it is a positive inotrope ) and as an antiarrhythmic agent to control the heart rate, particularly in the irregular ( and often fast ) atrial fibrillation.

The shape of the Milky Way as deduced from star counts by William Herschel in 1785 ; the solar system was assumed to be near the center.

The first attempt to describe the shape of the Milky Way and the position of the Sun in it was carried out by William Herschel in 1785 by carefully counting the number of stars in different regions of the sky.

* 1785 – William Jackson Hooker, English botanist ( d. 1865 )

The term " Jewish-Christian " had been used in this sense as early as 1785 in Richard Watson's essay " The Teaching and Witness of the Holy Spirit ", and " Jewish Christian " ( as an adjective ) as early as 1644 in William Rathband's A Briefe Narration of Some Church Courses.

Mr and Mrs William Hallett ( 1785 ).

It has been claimed that Paley was not a very original thinker and that the philosophical part of his treatise on ethics is “ an assemblage of ideas developed by others and is presented to be learned by students rather than debated by colleagues .” Nevertheless, his book The Principles of Moral and Political Philosophy ( 1785 ) was a required text at Cambridge and Smith says that Paley ’ s writings were “ once as well known in American colleges as were the readers and spellers of William McGuffey and Noah Webster in the elementary schools .” Although now largely missing from the philosophical canon, Schneewind writes that " utilitarianism first became widely known in England through the work of William Paley.

The petition requesting the establishment of the school, titled " The Founders ' Petition of 1785 ," was addressed to Governor Thomas Carleton and was signed by seven Loyalist men: William Paine, William Wanton, George Sproule, Zephaniah Kingsley, John Coffin, Ward Chipman, and Adino Paddock.

* August 12 – William Jackson Hooker, English botanist ( b. 1785 )

* April 9 – William Prout, English chemist and physician ( b. 1785 )

A provisional government was formed under the lead of some former Patriots who recalled William, in contrast to their 1785 rebellion.

In 1785, the English poet William Cowper wrote:

The term for this class of objects is a partial misnomer that originated ( 1784 or 1785 ) with astronomer William Herschel, because when viewed through his telescope, these objects appeared to be clouds ( nebulae ) that were similar in appearance to Uranus, the planet that had been discovered telescopically by Herschel.

A particularly popular idea was the Quinarian system popularised by Nicholas Aylward Vigors ( 1785 – 1840 ), William Sharp Macleay ( 1792 – 1865 ), William Swainson and others.

** Austrian East India Company, a series of companies going under the names of Société impériale asiatique de Trieste et Anvers, or Société asiatique de Trieste, based in Ostend and Trieste, founded 1775 by William Bolts and ceased 1785

* 1785 — William Herschel carried the first attempt to describe the shape of the Milky Way and the position of the Sun in it by carefully counting the number of stars in different regions of the sky.

* 1785 – William Withering publishes " An Account of the Foxglove " the first systematic description of digitalis in treating dropsy

On 24 December 1803, Jérôme married Elizabeth Patterson ( 1785 – 1879 ), daughter of Baltimore merchant William Patterson and his wife, Dorcas Spear.

In 1785, as a result of a " fit of illness " in the family the young Turner was sent to stay with his maternal uncle, Joseph Mallord William Marshall, in Brentford, which was then a small town west of London on the banks of the River Thames.

In 1785 William left the Hague and removed his court to Guelders, a province remote from the political centre.