* 1867 – Philipp August Böckh, German scholar and antiquarian ( b. 1785 )

* 1785 – Thomas De Quincey, English author ( d. 1859 )

* 1785 – Oliver Hazard Perry, American naval officer ( d. 1819 )

* 1785 – William Whitehead, English writer ( b. 1715 )

* 1785 – Alexandre Pierre François Boëly, French composer ( d. 1858 )

* Benjamin Franklin: First American Diplomat, 1776 – 1785 US State Department

Carlo-Maria ( Ajaccio 1746 – Montpellier 1785 ) married Maria Letizia Ramolino ( Ajaccio 1750 – Rome 1836 ) in 1764.

The current resistance to Russian rule has its roots in the late 18th century ( 1785 – 1791 ), a period when Russia expanded into territories formerly under the dominion of Turkey and Persia ( see also the Russo-Turkish Wars and Russo-Persian War ( 1804 – 1813 )), under Mansur Ushurma — a Chechen Naqshbandi ( Sufi ) Sheikh — with wavering support from other North Caucasian tribes.

In 1832, Lyell married Mary Horner of Bonn, daughter of Leonard Horner ( 1785 – 1864 ), also associated with the Geological Society of London.

* 1696 – James Oglethorpe, English general and founder of the state of Georgia ( d. 1785 )

* 1714 – Gottfried August Homilius, German composer ( d. 1785 )

* 1756 – Karel Blažej Kopřiva, Czech composer ( d. 1785 )

In Hesse-Kassel, the Landgrave Frederick II, ruled 1760 – 1785 as an enlightened despot, and raised money by renting soldiers ( called " Hessians ") to Great Britain to help fight the American Revolutionary War.

The Brothers Grimm ( 1785 – 1863 & 1786 – 1859 ) not only wrote the popular Grimm's Fairy Tales, but were among the founding fathers of German philology and German studies.

File: Grimm. jpg | Brothers Grimm ( 1785 – 1863 & 1786 – 1859 )

* Arndt, Karl J. R. George Rapp's Harmony Society, 1785 – 1847.

* 1714 – Jean-Baptiste Pigalle, French sculptor ( d. 1785 )

* 1716 – George Germain, 1st Viscount Sackville, British soldier and politician ( d. 1785 )

* 1841 – David Wilkie, Scottish artist ( b. 1785 )

* 1785 – The dollar is unanimously chosen as the monetary unit for the United States.

* Dorothea Jordan ( later mistress of William IV ) from 1782 to 1785.

In 1785, the Russian Academy of Sciences put a marble bust of Leonhard Euler on a pedestal next to the Director's seat and, in 1837, placed a headstone on Euler's grave.

In 1785, the Russian government of Catherine II commissioned a new expedition in search for the Northeast Passage, led by English officer Joseph Billings, who had previously sailed with Captain Cook, and the Russian officer Gavril Sarychev as his deputy.

He was ennobled in 1785 and became president of the Magistrat of the Governorate of Estonia, a province of the Russian Empire.

Count Hans Karl Friedrich Anton von Diebitsch und Narden or Graf Ivan Ivanovich Diebitsch-Zabalkansky () ( 13 May 1785, Groß Leipe near Obernigk, Lower Silesia – 10 June 1831, near Pułtusk ) was a German-born soldier serving as Russian Field Marshal.

In 1785 Sheikh Mansur and his fighters destroyed Russian forces in the Battle of Sunja.

Among his best-known portraits are Portrait of Alexandra Struyskaya ( 1772 ), sometimes called the Russian Mona Lisa and admittedly the most celebrated piece of the 18th-century Russian painting ; Portrait of Countess Elisabeth Santi ( 1785 ), and Lady in a Pink Dress ( 1770s, illustration, right ).

He resided in Britain for the last 47 years of his life, from 1785 until his death in 1832, during which time he was the Russian ambassador to the Kingdom of Great Britain from 1785 to 1800 and to the United Kingdom from 1801 to 1806.

In 1783, he was appointed Russian minister at Vienna, but in 1785 was transferred to London.

The Rossiads only rival for the title of the longest poem in the Russian language is Kheraskov's Vladimir Reborn ( 1785 ), concerned with the baptism of Kievan Rus.

* Alexei Velyaminov ( 1785 – 1838 ), Russian general and brother of Ivan Velyaminov

Among the most successful of his 37 operas staged during his lifetime were Armida ( 1771 ), La fiera di Venezia ( 1772 ), La scuola de ' gelosi ( 1778 ), Der Rauchfangkehrer ( 1781 ), Les Danaïdes ( 1784 ), which was first presented as a work of Gluck's, La grotta di Trofonio ( 1785 ), Tarare ( 1787 ) ( Tarare was reworked and revised several times as was Les Danaïdes ), Axur, re d ' Ormus ( 1788 ), La cifra ( 1789 ), Palmira, regina di Persia ( 1795 ), Il mondo alla rovescia ( 1795 ), Falstaff ( 1799 ), and Cesare in Farmacusa ( 1800 ).

Alphonsus Maria de Liguori ( d. 1787 ), founder of the Congregation of the Most Holy Redeemer, then brought some attention back to casuistry by publishing again Hermann Busembaum's Medulla Theologiae Moralis ; the last edition published in 1785 and receiving the approbation of the Holy See in 1803.

* 1785 – William Jackson Hooker, English botanist ( d. 1865 )

* 1709 – Johan Gottschalk Wallerius, Swedish chemist ( d. 1785 )

* 1785 – Andreas Mustoxydis, Greek historian and philologist ( d. 1860 )

* 1713 – Giovanni Battista Locatelli, Italian opera director, impresario and owner of a private opera company ( d. 1785 )

* 1785 – John Wilson, Scottish writer ( d. 1854 )

* 1725 – Louis Philippe I, Duke of Orléans ( d. 1785 )

* 1785 – John McLean, U. S. Supreme Court Justice ( d. 1861 )

* 1785 – Karol Kurpiński, Polish composer ( d. 1857 )

* 1785 – Sir David Wilkie, Scottish painter ( d. 1841 )

* 1785 – Victor de Broglie, Prime Minister of France ( d. 1870 )

* 1729 – Maria Antonietta of Spain, queen of Sardinia ( d. 1785 )

* 1785 – Jan Roothaan, Dutch priest ( d. 1853 )

* 1785 – José Miguel Carrera, Chilean general and founding father ( d. 1821 )

Thomas Bowdler was born at Box, near Bath, Somerset, the youngest son of the six children of Thomas Bowdler ( c. 1719 – 1785 ), a banker of substantial fortune, and his wife, Elizabeth, née Cotton ( d. 1797 ), the daughter of Sir John Cotton of Conington, Huntingdonshire.