* 1723 – Mathurin Jacques Brisson, French naturalist ( d. 1806 )

* 1806 – Francis II, the last Holy Roman Emperor, abdicates ending the Holy Roman Empire.

* 1806 – Battle of Mišar during the Serbian Revolution begins.

* 1806 – Santiago de Liniers, 1st Count of Buenos Aires re-takes the city of Buenos Aires, Argentina after the first British invasion.

* 1724 – George Stubbs, English painter ( d. 1806 )

* Anton Alexander Graf von Auersperg ( 1806 – 1876 ) – Austrian poet who wrote under the pseudonym of Anastasius Grün.

The Lewis and Clark Expedition spent the winter of 1805 – 1806 at Fort Clatsop, a small log structure south and west of modern day Astoria.

* 1806 – Michael Haydn, Austrian composer ( b. 1737 )

* 1727 – Michel Adanson, French botanist ( d. 1806 )

* William Bernard Ullathorne ( 1806 – 89 )

Following his conquest of most of Western Europe, the first Napoleon made his elder brother Joseph ( 1768 – 1844 ) king first of Naples ( 1806 – 1808 ) and then of Spain ( 1808 – 1813 ), his third brother Louis ( 1778 – 1846 ) king of Holland ( 1806 – 1810 ) ( subsequently forcing his abdication after his failure to subordinate Dutch interests to those of France ) and his youngest brother Jérôme Bonaparte ( 1784 – 1860 ) king of Westphalia, the short-lived realm created from some of the states of northwestern Germany ( 1807 – 1813 ).

Yet two of his own advisers, Henri Christophe and Alexandre Pétion, helped provoke his assassination in 1806.

In 1806, Henri Christophe learned of a plot to kill Dessalines ; seeing an opportunity to seize power, he did not warn the self-proclaimed Emperor.

Following the assassination of Dessalines on October 17, 1806, Pétion championed the ideals of democracy and clashed with Henri Christophe who wanted absolute rule.

Christophe Léon Louis Juchault de Lamoricière ( 5 September 1806 – 11 September 1865 ) was a French general.

In 1806, Alexandre Pétion launched a coup against Haiti's emperor, Jean-Jacques Dessalines though General Christophe was aware of this through his system of spies he did not warn Dessaline viewing his assassination as a necessary evil that would permit him to achieve his goals.

Napoleon acknowledged two illegitimate children: Charles Léon ( 1806 – 1881 ) by Eléonore Denuelle de La Plaigne, and Count Alexandre Joseph Colonna-Walewski ( 1810 – 1868 ) by Countess Marie Walewska.

* Louis I ( 1806 – 1810 )

With Johanna ( 1780 – 1809 ), his children were Joseph ( 1806 – 1873 ), Wilhelmina ( 1808 – 1846 ) and Louis ( 1809 – 1810 ).

From 1438 the Habsburgs, who controlled most of the southeast of the Empire ( more or less modern-day Austria and Slovenia, and Bohemia and Moravia after the death of King Louis II in 1526 ), maintained a constant grip on the position of the Holy Roman Emperor until 1806 ( with the exception of the years between 1742 and 1745 ).

* 1806 – Pike expedition: United States Army Lieutenant Zebulon Pike begins an expedition from Fort Bellefontaine near St. Louis, Missouri, to explore the west.

They reached St. Louis on September 23, 1806.

* 1772 – Prince Louis Ferdinand of Prussia ( d. 1806 )

* 1806 – Lewis and Clark return to St. Louis after exploring the Pacific Northwest of the United States.

However, since the days of King Louis Napoleon ( 1806 ) The Hague has been allowed to call itself a city.

* August 17 – Alcée Louis la Branche, American politician ( b. 1806 )

* November 18 – Louis Ferdinand of Prussia, German prince ( d. 1806 )

** Louis Carrogis Carmontelle, French dramatist ( d. 1806 )

It was proclaimed on January 19, 1795, and ended on June 5, 1806, with the accession of Louis Bonaparte to the throne of the Kingdom of Holland.

The Kingdom of Holland 1806 – 1810 (, ) was set up by Napoleon Bonaparte as a puppet kingdom for his third brother, Louis Bonaparte, in order to better control the Netherlands.

Napoleon's brother Louis Bonaparte was installed as King of Holland on 5 June 1806.

Louis Napoléon Bonaparte, Prince Français, Comte de Saint-Leu ( 2 September 1778 – 25 July 1846 ), King of Holland ( 1806 – 10 ), was the fifth surviving child and the fourth surviving son of Carlo Buonaparte and Letizia Ramolino.

In 1806, Louis called for his son to be sent to him in Holland, but he was again refused by Hortense, who believed that her son would never be returned to France.

In 1806, Napoleon appointed his brother Louis to be the King of Holland, and Hortense accompanied her husband to The Hague.

She was therefore forced to depart with Louis to the Netherlands, where she arrived on 18 June 1806.

* Charles Henri Sanson ( 1739 – 1806 ), executioner of Louis XVI

( Note that he was not the first King of Holland ; that was Louis Bonaparte ( 1778 – 1846 ), who had reigned from 1806 to 1810.

Houdon's subjects include Denis Diderot ( 1771 ), Benjamin Franklin ( 1778-09 ), Jean-Jacques Rousseau ( 1778 ), Voltaire ( 1781 ), Molière ( 1781 ), George Washington ( 1785 – 88 ), Thomas Jefferson ( 1789 ), Louis XVI ( 1790 ), Robert Fulton, 1803 – 04, and Napoléon Bonaparte ( 1806 ).

In 1806 Britain retook the Cape Colony from the Batavian Republic ; Napoleon abolished the Republic later that year in favour of the Kingdom of Holland, ruled by his brother Louis.

* 1508: Baron de Ros, called out of abeyance after 4 years ; again in 1806 ( after 119 years ), in 1943 ( after 4 years ) and in 1958 ( after 2 years ).

* 1879 – Manuel de Araújo Porto-alegre, Brazilian Romantic poet, painter and caricaturist ( b. 1806 )

The defeat of the British invasions of the Río de la Plata in South America ( 1806 and 1807 ) emboldened an independent attitude in Spain's American colonies.

Portrait by Friedrich Engels. Johann Kaspar Schmidt ( October 25, 1806 – June 26, 1856 ), better known as Max Stirner ( the nom de plume he adopted from a schoolyard nickname he had acquired as a child because of his high brow, in German ' Stirn '), was a German philosopher, who ranks as one of the literary fathers of nihilism, existentialism, post-modernism and anarchism, especially of individualist anarchism.

* 1806 – British forces take Buenos Aires during the first British invasions of the Río de la Plata.

In 1806 the Governor General, Charles Mathieu Isidore Decaen, created the city of Mahébourg, named in honour of Mahé de La Bourdonnais.

After the Louisiana Purchase by the United States in 1803, this indefinite nature of the boundary between the U. S. and Spain led to an agreement on November 6, 1806, negotiated by Gen. James Wilkinson and Lt. Col. Simón de Herrera, to establish a neutral territory on both sides of the river.

In 1806 and 1807, the British ( enemies of Spain in the Napoleonic Wars ) launched the British invasions of the Río de la Plata.

Buenos Aires was invaded in 1806, and then liberated by forces from Montevideo led by Santiago de Liniers.

* January 31 – Adolphe Granier de Cassagnac, French politician ( b. 1806 )

de: 1806

* June 14 – Charles-Augustin de Coulomb, French physicist ( d. 1806 )

Towards the late 18th century, Mathurin Jacques Brisson ( 1723 – 1806 ) and Comte de Buffon ( 1707 – 1788 ) began new works on birds.

Napoleon I on his Imperial Throne, 1806, oil on canvas, 260 x 163 cm, Musée de l ' Armée, Paris

It appears that Shelley found inspiration for the title of her novel in Jean-Baptiste Cousin de Grainville's Le Dernier Homme ( 1805 ), translated into English in 1806 as Omegarus and Syderia.

Between 1806 and 1807, British military forces tried to invade the area of the Rio de la Plata, at the command of Home Riggs Popham and William Carr Beresford, and John Whitelocke.

* 1806 – François Isaac de Rivaz invented a hydrogen powered engine, the first successful internal combustion engine.

Prince Eugène was adopted by Napoleon on 12 January 1806 ; while excluded from the French empire's succession, he was given presumptive rights for him and his descendants in the male line to the throne of Italy in the absence of a second son of Napoleon on 16 February 1806, and hence on 20 December 1807 given the title of Prince de Venise (' Prince of Venice '), which had been instituted by article 9 of the decree of 30 March 1806 ( when the former Austrian province of Venice was united to Bonaparte's kingdom of Italy ) for the Heir Presumptive to Napoleon in Italy.

* Sultanate of Zanzibar two incumbents ( from the Omani dynasty ) since the de facto separation from Oman in 1806, the last assumed the title Sultan in 1861 at the formal separation under British auspices ; since 1964 union with Tanganyika part of Tanzania )

Ultimately, the actual experience of successfully defending without Spanish aid the viceroyalty from a foreign invader during the 1806 – 1807 British invasions of the Río de la Plata, triggered a decisive quest for even greater autonomy from the colonial metropolis.