* 1808 – John Jacob Astor incorporates the American Fur Company, that would eventually make him America's first millionaire.

* Haliotis laevigata Donovan, 1808 – the Smooth Australian abalone or greenlip abalone

* Haliotis spadicea Donovan, 1808 – the Blood-spotted abalone

* 1808 – Battle of Vimeiro: British and Portuguese forces led by General Arthur Wellesley defeat French force under Major-General Jean-Andoche Junot near the village of Vimeiro, Portugal, the first Anglo-Portuguese victory of the Peninsular War.

Andrew Johnson ( December 29, 1808 July 31, 1875 ) was the 17th President of the United States ( 1865 – 1869 ).

In European Spain, or just " the Peninsula " in the jargon of the Spains, after economic and human ravages of the Napoleonic Invasion ( 1808 ) and the War of Liberation ( 1808 – 1814 ) there ensued the aforementioned Latinamerican conflicts, in addition to the Carlist wars, the liberal-conservative wars, and the bleeding of people and resources into Latin America.

Alfonso's short reign established the foundations for the final socioeconomic recuperation of Spain after the 1808 – 1874 crisis.

* 1808 – Princess Ludovika of Bavaria ( d. 1892 )

* 1808 – William W. Chapman, American politician ( d. 1892 )

* 1808 – The Roman Catholic Diocese of Baltimore is promoted to an archdiocese, with the founding of the dioceses of New York, Philadelphia, Boston, and Bardstown ( now Louisville ) by Pope Pius VII.

* 1875 – Karl Andree, German geographer ( b. 1808 )

His sons were: Mustafa IV ( 1807 – 08 ) ( his son by Ayşe Seniyeperver ), Mahmud II ( 1808 – 39 ) ( his son by Naksh-i-Dil Haseki ), Murad, Nusret, Mehmed, Ahmed, and Süleyman.

In the Karang Intan Agreement during the reign of Prince Nata Dilaga ( Susuhunan Nata Alam ) ( 1808 – 1825 ), the Banjar Kingdom gave up its territories to the Dutch Indies which included Bulungan, Kutai, Pasir, Pagatan and Kotawaringin.

Following his conquest of most of Western Europe, the first Napoleon made his elder brother Joseph ( 1768 – 1844 ) king first of Naples ( 1806 – 1808 ) and then of Spain ( 1808 – 1813 ), his third brother Louis ( 1778 – 1846 ) king of Holland ( 1806 – 1810 ) ( subsequently forcing his abdication after his failure to subordinate Dutch interests to those of France ) and his youngest brother Jérôme Bonaparte ( 1784 – 1860 ) king of Westphalia, the short-lived realm created from some of the states of northwestern Germany ( 1807 – 1813 ).

* Archibald Hamilton, 9th Duke of Hamilton – Paragon ( 1786 ), Spadille ( 1787 ), Young Flora ( 1788 ), Tartar ( 1792 ), Petronius ( 1808 ), Ashton ( 1809 ), William ( 1814 )

He was the author of two text-books on them — one an Elementary Treatise on Quaternions ( 1867 ), written with the advice of Hamilton, though not published till after his death, and the other an Introduction to Quaternions ( 1873 ), in which he was aided by Philip Kelland ( 1808 – 1879 ), one of his teachers at Edinburgh.

* Samuel Kirkland ( 1741 – 1808 ), a Presbyterian missionary among the Oneida and Tuscarora people and founder ( in 1793 ) of the Hamilton-Oneida Academy ( later Hamilton College ), was born in the city.

Hamilton Fish was born on August 3, 1808 at what is now known as the Stuyvesant – Fish House in Greenwich Village, New York City, to Nicholas Fish and Elizabeth Stuyvesant ( a great-great-granddaughter of New Amsterdam's Peter Stuyvesant ), and his parents named him after their friend Alexander Hamilton.

These works were followed in 1808 by the Doric entrance to the Lower Assembly Rooms at Bath, and a villa at North Berwick for Sir H. D. Hamilton.

His parents were George Gleig ( 1753 – 1840 ), Bishop of Brechin from October 1808 ) and Janet, née Hamilton.

The town, which lies in Virginia Military District Military Survey 2956, was established circa 1808, the first settlement of Hamilton Township.

* Hugh Douglas Hamilton ( 1740 – 1808 ) Frederick Hervey, Bishop of Derry and Fourth Earl of Bristol ( 1730 – 1803 ), with his Granddaughter Lady Caroline Crichton ( 1779 – 1856 ), in the Gardens of the Villa Borghese, Rome c. 1790

* Joseph Hamilton Beattie ( 1808 – 1871 ), locomotive engineer, London and South Western Railway

Madeleine was the first child of an upper-middle-class family in Glasgow ; her father James Smith ( 1808 – 1863 ) was a wealthy architect, and her mother, Janet, the daughter of leading neo-classical architect David Hamilton.

F. Buchanan Hamilton was the first to locate and visit Mahasthangarh in 1808, C. J. O ’ Donnell, E. V. Westmacott, and Baveridge followed.

* Lord Claud Hamilton ( 1787 – 1808 ), died unmarried.

Fish was the son of Grace Chapin and Hamilton Fish III ( 1888 – 1991 ), grandson of Hamilton Fish II ( 1849 – 1936 ) and Alfred C. Chapin, great-grandson of Hamilton Fish ( 1808 – 1893 ), a descendant of Lewis Morris, and a cousin of the Kean family of New Jersey politicians.

At the time of Dr. B. Hamilton ( 1808 – 09 ), the present thanas of Gazole, Malda, Bamongola, and part of Habibpur were included in the district of Dinajpur and the thanas of Harischandrapur, Kharba, Ratua, Manikchak, and Kaliachak were included in the district of Purnia.

* 1808 – Nathan Kelley, American architect, active mainly in Ohio, ( d. 1871 )

With the permission of President Thomas Jefferson, Astor established the American Fur Company on April 6, 1808.

* 1808 – Jefferson Davis, American politician, President of the Confederate States of America ( d. 1889 )

* 1808 – Alexander William Doniphan, American lawyer and soldier ( d. 1887 )

* 1808 – Joseph Pitty Couthouy, American naval officer ( d. 1864 )

* 1808 – Lysander Spooner, American philosopher ( d. 1887 )

Jefferson Finis Davis ( June 3, 1808 – December 6, 1889 ) was an American statesman and leader of the Confederacy during the American Civil War, serving as President of the Confederate States of America for its entire history.

Regardless, Asbury remained the leading bishop of early American Methodism and did not share his " appointing " authority until Bishop McKendree was elected in 1808.

* 1808 – David Swinson Maynard, American frontiersman and physician ( d. 1873 )

* 1808 – John Taylor, American religious figure ( d. 1887 )

* 1732 – John Dickinson, American lawyer and Governor of Delaware and Pennsylvania ( d. 1808 )

Solomon Northup ( July 1808 – c. 1864-1875 ) was a free-born African American from Saratoga Springs, New York.

* Mitch Kachun, Festivals of Freedom: Memory and Meaning in African American Emancipation Celebrations, 1808 – 1915 ( 2003 )

* May 14 – Lysander Spooner, American philosopher and abolitionist ( b. 1808 )

* July 25 – John Taylor, American religious leader ( b. 1808 )

* August 8 – Alexander William Doniphan, American lawyer and soldier ( b. 1808 )

* April 4 – Joseph Pitty Couthouy, American naval officer ( b. 1808 )

* May 10 – Henry Bennett, American politician ( b. 1808 )

* September 9 – Benjamin Bourne, American politician ( d. 1808 )

* The United States, while still emerging from the American Revolution and wary of the economic and military might of Great Britain, came close to complete autarky in 1808 when President Jefferson declared a self-imposed embargo on international shipping.

Between 1808 and 1810, he held a personal friendship with Latin American Independence Precursor Francisco de Miranda and paid visits to Miranda's Grafton Way house in London.