* 1839 – Nikolai Przhevalsky, Russian explorer ( d. 1888 )

* 1839 – Benjamin Pierce, American politician ( b. 1757 )

* 1839 – Nelson Miles, American general ( d. 1925 )

* 1839 – The French government announces that Louis Daguerre's photographic process is a gift " free to the world ".

* 1754 – William Murdoch, Scottish engineer and inventor, created gas lighting ( d. 1839 )

* 1839 – The United Kingdom captures Hong Kong as a base as it prepares for war with Qing China.

* 1839 – Gulstan Ropert, French prelate ( d. 1903 )

On her return to Haworth, she met William Weightman ( 1814 – 1842 ), her father's new curate, who started work in the parish in August 1839.

* 1839 – The Treaty of London establishes Belgium as a kingdom.

* 1839 – Aleksandr Stoletov, Russian physicist ( d. 1896 )

* 1839 – Sir John St Aubyn, 5th Baronet, English politician ( b. 1758 )

* 1839 – Walter Pater, English essayist and critic ( d. 1894 )

He married Helen Leech ( 1839 – 1932 ), the daughter of another wealthy cotton merchant and shipbuilder from Stalybridge, at Gee Cross on 8 August 1863.

#* Charlotte Napoléone Bonaparte ( 1802 – 1839 )

#*** Léonie Stéphanie Elise Bonaparte ( 1833 – 1839 )

#*** Napoléon Charles Grégoire Jacques Philippe Bonaparte ( 1839 – 1899 )

# Maria Annunziata Caroline Bonaparte ( 1782 – 1839 ) married Joachim Murat, Marshal of France

Portales brought the military under civilian control by rewarding loyal generals, cashiering troublemakers, and promoting a victorious war against the Peru-Bolivia Confederation ( 1836 – 1839 ).

September 10, 1839 – April 19, 1914 ) was an American philosopher, logician, mathematician, and scientist, sometimes known as " the father of pragmatism ".

A census was taken in the Ottoman Empire 1831-38 by Sultan Mahmud II ( 1808 – 1839 ) as a part of the reform movement Tanzimat.

** William Erasmus Darwin ( 1839 – 1914 ), eldest son of Charles Darwin ( 1809 – 1882 )

It was Rochet d ' Hericourt's exploration into Shoa ( 1839 – 42 ) that marked the beginning of French interest in the Djiboutian coast of the Red Sea.

* 1839 – George Armstrong Custer, American general ( d. 1876 )

* 1763 – Dorothea von Schlegel, German novelist ( d. 1839 )

In the same year in which this work appeared, he and his wife Dorothea ( 1763 – 1839 ), a daughter of Moses Mendelssohn and the mother of Philipp Veit, joined the Roman Catholic Church, and from this time he became more and more opposed to the principles of political and religious freedom.

On 15 January 1839, he married Maria Dorothea Hunter Blair ( c. 1816 – 1890 ) in Malta.

The first electric boat was developed by Moritz von Jacobi in 1839 in St Petersburg, Russia-a boat which carried 14 passengers at 3 mph.

** Georg von Siemens ( 1839 – 1901 ), banker and politician, nephew of Werner von Siemens

He is a brother of Carl Heinrich von Siemens and Carl Wilhelm Siemens, sons of Christian Ferdinand Siemens ( 31 July 1787-16 January 1840 ) and wife Eleonore Deichmann ( 1792-8 July 1839 ).

* Franz Graf von Meran ( 1839 – 1891 ), died in Opatija

* Paroemiographi graeci ( 1839, with E. von Leutsch )

" The Entry of King Otto in Athens " by Peter von Hess, 1839.

Friedrich Georg Wilhelm von Struve remained in Dorpat, occupied with research on double stars and geodesy until 1839, when he founded and became director of the new Pulkovo Observatory near St Petersburg.

Hartmann von Aue's Erec ( 1839 ) and his Lieder, Klage and Der arme Heinrich ( 1842 ), Rudolf von Ems's Guter Gerhard ( 1840 ) and Konrad von Würzburg's Engelhard ( 1844 ) are the principal German works which he edited.

It was turned into a public park on account of Ludwig von Welden in 1839.

* Helmuth Graf von Moltke, known as " Moltke the Elder "; first decorated in 1839 as a junior officer ; he received the oak leaves in 1871 and the Grand Cross in March 1879.

These were Helmuth von Moltke the Elder, who received the military class in 1839 and the civil class in 1874, Otto von Bismarck, who received the military class in 1884 and the civil class in 1896, and Hermann von Kuhl, who received the military class in 1916 and the civil class in 1924.

* Arnold von Lasaulx ( 1839 – 1886 ) mineralogist and petrographer

Temminck was also the author of Histoire naturelle générale des Pigeons et des Gallinacées ( 1813 – 1817 ), Nouveau Recueil de Planches coloriées d ' Oiseaux ( 1820 – 1839 ), and contributed to the mammalian sections of Philipp Franz von Siebold's Fauna japonica ( 1844 – 1850 ).

This work was followed in 1834 by Elements of Geography ( Anfangsgrunde der Erdkunde ), in 1837 by Military Geography of Europe ( Militärische Landerbeschreibung von Europa ), and in 1839 by The Iberian Peninsula ( Die Iberische Halbinsel ).

Apart from Charles Sanders Peirce ( 1839 – 1914 ) and Charles W. Morris ( 1903 – 1979 ), early pioneers of biosemiotics were Jakob von Uexküll ( 1864 – 1944 ), Heini Hediger ( 1908 – 1992 ), Giorgio Prodi ( 1928 – 1987 ), Marcel Florkin ( 1900 – 1979 ) and Friedrich S. Rothschild ( 1899 – 1995 ); the founding fathers of the contemporary interdiscipline were Thomas Sebeok ( 1920 – 2001 ) and Thure von Uexküll ( 1908 – 2004 ).

* Stadt-und Landrechtsbuchs Ruprechts von Freysing, ein Beitrag zur Geschichte des Schwabenspiegels ( Stuttgart, 1839 )

* Maximilian Vogel von Falckenstein ( 1839 – 1917 ), Prussian general