* 1792 – John Lambton, 1st Earl of Durham, English statesman ( d. 1840 )

* 1840 – Laborer slaves in most of the British Empire are emancipated.

* 1770 – Frederick William III of Prussia ( d. 1840 )

* 1840 – John Bigham, 1st Viscount Mersey, English jurist and politician ( d. 1929 )

* 1840 – Richard von Krafft-Ebing, German psychologist ( d. 1902 )

* 1840 – Ferdinand Hamer, Dutch missionary and bishop ( d. 1900 )

* 1840 – Émile Zola, French novelist and critic ( d. 1902 )

* 1840 – Alexander Cameron Sim, Scottish pharmacist and businessman, founded Kobe Regatta & Athletic Club ( d. 1900 )

* 1798 – Étienne Bobillier, French mathematician ( d. 1840 )

Archery, romance and elite culture in England and Wales, c. 1780 – 1840, 89, 193 – 208.

François-Auguste-René Rodin ( 12 November 1840 – 17 November 1917 ), known as Auguste Rodin ( ; ), was a French sculptor.

* 1840 – Foundation stone for new Palace of Westminster, London, is laid by wife of Sir Charles Barry.

It is named after Ernst Abbe ( 1840 – 1905 ), the German physicist who defined it.

# Lucien Bonaparte ( 1775 – 1840 )

#*** Bathilde Aloïse Léonie Bonaparte ( 1840 – 1861 )

* 12 June 1814 – 3 October 1814 José Gaspar Rodríguez de Francia y Velasco ( 2nd time ); he stayed on as " supreme dictator " 3 October 1814 – 20 September 1840 ( from 6 June 1816 styled " perpetual supreme dictator ")

Soldiers of the Dragon: Chinese Armies 1500 BC – AD 1840.

* George Spencer-Churchill, 5th Duke of Marlborough ( 1766 – 1840 ), elder son of the 4th Duke

* 1888 – Namık Kemal, Turkish poet ( b. 1840 )

* 1914 – Alfred Thayer Mahan, American captain and historian ( b. 1840 )

The Shihab leadership continued until the middle of the 19th century and culminated in the illustrious governorship of Amir Bashir Shihab II ( 1788 – 1840 ) who, after Fakhr-al-Din, was the most powerful feudal lord Lebanon produced.

The Maronite-Druze conflict in 1840 – 60 was an outgrowth of the Maronite Christian independence movement, directed against the Druze, Druze feudalism, and the Ottoman-Turks.

: Minorities in the Middle East: Druze Communities 1840 – 1974, 4 volumes, Slough: Archive Editions ( 2006 ).

His most important teacher was Ernst Karl Abbe ( 1840 – 1905 ) ( physicist, mathematician, and inventor ).

In 1840, Ernst Dalrymple settled in the Goomburra Valley.

Richard Wagner around the time of his first meeting with Meyerbeer – portrait by Ernst Benedikt Kietz, c. 1840

The principal editions since have been those by Kaspar von Barth ( 1623 ), P Bunyan ( 1731, in his edition of the minor Latin poets ), Ernst Friedrich Wernsdorf ( 1778, part of a similar collection ), August Wilhelm Zumpt ( 1840 ), and the critical edition by Lucian Müller ( Teubner, Leipzig, 1870 ), and another by Vessereau ( 1904 ); also an annotated edition by Keene, containing a translation by George Francis Savage-Armstrong ( 1906 ).

Ernst Karl Abbe ( January 23, 1840 – January 14, 1905 ) was a German physicist, optometrist, entrepreneur, and social reformer.

The cartographers Petermann trained included Bruno Hassenstein ( 1839 – 1902 ), Hermann Habenicht ( 1844 – 1917, who from 1897 onwards trained Hermann Haack, the 20th-century editor of PGM ), Ernst Debes ( 1840 – 1923.

Jena 1840 – 1873 ( with Christian Eduard Langethal and Ernst Schenk ; fifth edition by Ernst Hallier 1880 – 1887 ).

* Ernst Abbe ( 1840 – 1905 ), German physicist

In 1840, Graf Ernst Casimir III was promoted by a decree of the grand duchy to the status of hereditary prince.

Ernst Otto Schlick ( June 16, 1840, Grimma-April 10, 1913, Hamburg ) was a German engineer.

In a political essay of Schneckenburger in 1840, he calls for a re-arrangement of the " patch work " European borders into national areas, according to languages spoken, similar to the ideas espoused by Ernst Moritz Arndt.

* January 14 – Otto Liebmann, German philosopher ( Kant & Epigones ) ( b. 1840 ).

* Otto Frölicher ( 1840 – 1890 ), painter

* Otto Abraham Boije 1840 – 1847

* Voyage in Guiana and upon the Shores of the Orinoco during the Years 1835 -' 39 ( London, 1840 ; translated into German by his brother Otto, under the title Reisen in Guiana und am Orinoco in den Jahren 1835 -' 39, Leipsig, 1841, with a preface by Alexander von Humboldt )

" Around 1840 the German nobles of the Governorate of Livonia devised the term " Balts " to mean themselves, the German upper classes of Livonia, excluding the Latvian and Estonian lower classes.

In 1840 Hoffmann wrote a song about the Zollverein, also to Haydn's melody, in which he praised the free trade of German goods which brought Germans and Germany closer.

The German Karl Adolph von Basedow also independently reported the same constellation of symptoms in 1840, while earlier reports of the disease were also published by the Italians Giuseppe Flajani and Antonio Giuseppe Testa, in 1802 and 1810 respectively, and by the English physician Caleb Hillier Parry ( a friend of Edward Jenner ) in the late 18th century.

* 1840 – August Bebel, German politician ( d. 1913 )

The high birthrate was offset by a very high rate of infant mortality and emigration, especially after about 1840, mostly to the German settlements in the United States, plus periodic epidemics and harvest failures.

* 1752 – Johann Friedrich Blumenbach, German anthropologist ( d. 1840 )

* 1840 – Caspar David Friedrich, German painter ( b. 1774 )

* 1758 – Heinrich Wilhelm Matthäus Olbers, German astronomer ( d. 1840 )

Developed by German physician Franz Joseph Gall in 1796, the discipline was very popular in the 19th century, especially from about 1810 until 1840.

The first prominent physical anthropologist, the German physician Johann Friedrich Blumenbach ( 1752 – 1840 ) of Göttingen, amassed a large collection of human skulls.

* 1774 – Caspar David Friedrich, German painter ( d. 1840 )

* December 22 – Richard von Krafft-Ebing, German sexologist ( b. 1840 )

* October 23 – Emin Pasha, German doctor and Governor of Equatoria ( b. 1840

* May 11 – Johann Friedrich Blumenbach, German anthropologist ( d. 1840 )

* September 5 – Caspar David Friedrich, German artist ( d. 1840 )

* October 11 – Heinrich Wilhelm Matthäus Olbers, German astronomer ( d. 1840 )

Franz Mertens ( March 20, 1840 – March 5, 1927 ) was a German mathematician.

From around 1800 to 1840 the Danish speaking population on the Angeln peninsula between Schleswig and Flensburg began to switch to Low German and in the same period many North Frisians also switched to Low German.

******* HI & RM The Princess Victoria, Princess Royal, German Empress, Queen of Prussia ( 1840 – 1901 )