The family factory produced armaments for the Crimean War ( 1853 – 1856 ); but, had difficulty switching back to regular domestic production when the fighting ended and they filed for bankruptcy.

* 1856 – William Martin Conway, English art critic and mountaineer ( d. 1937 )

* 1776 – Amedeo Avogadro, Italian chemist ( d. 1856 )

* 1856 – George Coulthard, Australian footballer and cricketer ( d. 1883 )

* 1856 – Alfred Deakin, Australian politician, 2nd Prime Minister of Australia ( d. 1919 )

* 1856 – Ivan Franko, Ukrainian writer ( d. 1916 )

* 1856 – Aparicio Saravia, Uruguayan politician and military leader ( d. 1904 )

* 1856 – Diamond Jim Brady, American financier ( d. 1917 )

* 1816 – Charles Frédéric Gerhardt, French chemist ( d. 1856 )

** Various articles on Alcidamas ( 1856 – 1919, with links to further online material )

Andrew Johnson was born in Raleigh, North Carolina, to Jacob Johnson ( 1778 – 1812 ) and Mary (" Polly ") McDonough ( 1783 – 1856 ), a seamstress and the daughter of Andrew McDonough.

* 1856 – Carle David Tolmé Runge, German physicist ( d. 1927 )

* 1910 – Mikhail Vrubel, Russian painter ( b. 1856 )

* 1925 – John Singer Sargent, American artist ( b. 1856 )

* John Cramp, 1851 – 1853 ( and 1856 – 1869 )

* Edmund Crawley, 1853 – 1856

* John Cramp, 1856 – 1869

* 1856 – William Willett, English builder and daylight saving time advocate ( d. 1915 )

* 1856 – Battle of Rivas: Juan Santamaria burns down the hostel where William Walker's filibusters are holed up.

* 1856 – The Theta Chi fraternity is founded at Norwich University.

He married firstly at the Dolmabahçe Palace in Constantinople in 1856 to Georgian HH Dürrünev Kadın Efendi ( Batumi, 15 March 1835 – Constantinople, Üsküdar, Çamlıca Palace, 3 December 1892 ), and had three children.

He married thirdly in 1872 to Circassian HH Gevherin Nedaxe Kadın Efendi ( Caucasus, 8 July 1856 – Ortaköy Palace, Ortaköy, Constantinople, 20 September 1894 ), and had one child.

* 1856 – Henri Philippe Pétain, French soldier and statesman ( d. 1951 )

In 1856, the Victorian colonial government opened the Melbourne Public Library ( now the State Library of Victoria ).

The colonial government discovered that there was fertile terrain in the islands of Mona and Monito in 1856.

The groat ceased to be minted in the United Kingdom in 1856, but in 1888 a special request was made for a colonial variety to be minted for use in British Guiana and the British West Indies.

Lieutenant General Sir Henry Pottinger, 1st Baronet, GCB, PC ( Chinese: 砵甸乍 ; 3 October 1789 – 18 March 1856 ), was an Anglo-Irish soldier and colonial administrator who became the first Governor of Hong Kong.

Carl Peters ( 27 September 1856 – 10 September 1918 ), was a German colonial ruler, explorer, politician and author, the prime mover behind the foundation of the German colony of East Africa ( in today's Tanzania ).

The population again severely declined upon the arrival of Anglo-European colonial settlers with South Australia Governor Captain John Hindmarsh as Commander in chief Proclamation December 1836 at Holdfast Bay ( now Glenelg ), from about 1000 members before settlement to 180 in 1856.

In 1856 on Vancouver Island, there was " an almighty row " when the colonial governor's levée was not to the attendees ' liking.

Sir Samuel William Knaggs, KCMG ( 25 December 1856 – 31 December 1924 ) was a British colonial administrator.

Thereafter in a nod to the declining fortunes of the British textile owners and skilled workers who were still extant in the city, the Madras Trades Association was established in 1856, by which the old colonial families still involved in the skilled and textile trades were granted entry into the British and Indian financial trade system.

In 1856 the colonial government indicated that the marshy site of Birrarung Marr was intended for park or ornamental purposes.

Unfortunately construction did not proceed very far and the company went bankrupt in 1856 with the colonial government of New Brunswick taking over the company ’ s line in 1857.

The first New South Wales appointment was made on 3 October 1856 in the ministry of the Parker colonial government.

Uchter John Mark Knox, 5th Earl of Ranfurly GCMG, PC, GNZM, DL, JP ( 14 August 1856 – 1933 ) was a British politician and colonial governor.

He fitted into colonial society and politics in the pre-responsible government era, but his style was not suited to the democratic politics that began to develop in 1856.

In 1856, the few surviving Tasmanian Aborigines on Flinders Island, including Trugernanner, were moved to a settlement at Oyster Cove, south of Hobart.

Until the original Tasmanian Electoral Act of 1856 was're-discovered ' recently, credit for the first implementation of the secret ballot often went to the colonies of Victoria and South Australia.

* 1856: Norfolk Island transferred from Tasmanian to NSW control

On 24 October 1856, an Act was proclaimed permitting the introduction of a bicameral, representative Parliament with the creation of the Tasmanian House of Assembly, where the power of the executive government resided, and the abolition of nominee positions on the Council.