* Herbert Austin ( 1866 – 1941 ), British founder of the Austin Motor Company

* 1866 – The Grand Army of the Republic, an American patriotic organization composed of Union veterans of the American Civil War, is founded.

* 1866 – Felix-Raymond-Marie Rouleau, Canadian cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church ( d. 1931 )

* 1866 – Princess Viktoria of Prussia ( d. 1929 )

* 1866 – Allen Lard, American golfer ( death date unknown )

* 1866 – Gábor Klauzál, Hungarian politician ( b. 1804 )

* 1866 – Matthew Henson, American explorer ( d. 1955 )

* 1866 – José de Diego, Puerto Rican statesman and journalist ( d. 1918 )

* 1866 – Charles Jean de la Vallée-Poussin, Belgian mathematician ( d. 1962 )

* 1866 – Italo Santelli, Italian fencer ( d. 1945 )

* 1866 – Jacinto Benavente, Spanish writer, Nobel Prize laureate ( d. 1954 )

* 1866 – Henrik Sillem, Dutch sports shooter ( d. 1907 )

* Alexander John Cuza, prince of Romania ( 1859 – 1866 )

* 1866 – Austro-Prussian War ends with the Treaty of Prague.

* 1866 – Anne Sullivan, American teacher, instructor and companion of Helen Keller ( d. 1936 )

* 1866 – Ernest Starling, British physiologist ( d. 1927 )

* 1866 – Italy and Prussia ally against the Austrian Empire.

* 1866 – The American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals ( ASPCA ) is founded in New York City by Henry Bergh.

He married fourthly at the Dolmabahçe Palace, Constantinople, on 21 September 1866 to Georgian HH Hayranidil Kadın Efendi ( Kars, 2 November 1846 – Ortaköy Palace, Constantinople, 26 November 1898 ), and had two children.

The Earl of Derby, Prime Minister 1852, 1858 – 59, 1866 – 68

Charles Erdman ( 1866 – 1960 ) advocated apostolic authorship and wrote that only the Apostle John fits the image of the author derived from the text.

#** Marie Laetitia Eugénie Catherine Adélaïde Bonaparte ( 1866 – 1926 )

Le déjeuner sur l ' herbe, ( right section ), with Gustave Courbet, 1865 – 1866, Musée d ' Orsay, Paris, France | Paris

On 18 November 1866 Verdi wrote to Giovanni Ricordi, offering the Milan publisher the Italian rights, but insisting that the opera " must be performed in its entirety as it will be performed for the first time at the Paris Opéra.

* 1866 – Giovanni Schiaparelli realizes that meteor streams occur when the Earth passes through the orbit of a comet that has left debris along its path

In 1866, her natural gifts as a singer becoming evident, she went to Italy and studied in Milan with Giovanni Corsi until January 1868.

Image: Giovanni Fattori 027. jpg | Giovanni Fattori, La Rotonda di Palmieri, 1866, oil on wood, Florence, Galleria d ' Arte Moderna

* 1866 – Battle of Custoza: an Austrian army defeats the Italian army during the Austro-Prussian War.

A principal source for the items in Illich-Svitych ’ s dictionary was the earlier work of Alfredo Trombetti ( 1866 – 1929 ), an Italian linguist who had developed a classification scheme for all the world ’ s languages, widely reviled at the time and subsequently ignored by almost all linguists.

* 1866 – Eurosia Fabris, Italian saint ( d. 1932 )

Furthermore, Davis accused Gould of having misrepresented a study by Henry H. Goddard ( 1866 – 1957 ) about the intelligence of Jewish, Hungarian, Italian, and Russian immigrants to the U. S., wherein Gould reported Goddard's qualifying those people as " feeble-minded "; whereas, in the initial sentence of the study, Goddard said the study subjects were atypical members of their ethnic groups, who had been selected because of their suspected sub-normal intelligence.

In 1866, following the Third Italian War of Independence, Venice, along with the rest of the Veneto, became part of the newly created Kingdom of Italy.

* January 8 – Eurosia Fabris, Italian Catholic Blessed ( b. 1866 )

The site was sacked by Napoleon's troops in 1799 and from the dissolution of the Italian monasteries in 1866, Monte Cassino became a national monument.

It was common practice at the time for most theatres ( other than those in French-speaking communities ) to perform operas in Italian, and an Italian translation of Don Carlos was prepared in the autumn of 1866 by Achille de Lauzières.

An Italian translation of this revised French text, re-using much of the original 1866 translation by de Lauzières, was made by Angelo Zanardini.

Francesco Cilea ( also Cilèa ) ( July 23, 1866 – November 20, 1950 ) was an Italian composer.

The Republic wasn't restored at the Congress of Vienna after the Napoleonic Wars and was annexed by the Austrian Empire, until it was ceded to the Kingdom of Italy in 1866, as a result of the Third Italian War of Independence.

His parents were Thomas Sullivan ( 1805 – 1866 ), a military bandmaster, clarinettist and music teacher born in Ireland and raised in Chelsea, London, and Mary Clementina ( née Coghlan, 1811 – 1882 ), English born, of Irish and Italian descent.

The Austrian Empire was forced to cede most of its claim to Lombardy – Venetia to the Kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia following the conclusion of the Second Italian War of Independence in 1859, and the Third Italian War of Independence in 1866.

In 1866 Victor Emanuel allied himself with Prussia in the Third Italian War of Independence.

Father Jožef in 1866 participated in the second Battle of Vis, where Austro-Hungarian Navy under command of von Tegetthoff defeated Royal Italian Navy commanded by Count di Persano.

Founded in 1866, Monte Carlo has a name of Italian origin meaning " Mount Charles ", in honor of the then-reigning prince, Charles III of Monaco.

The Wars of Italian Independence were three wars fought between Italian states and the Austrian Empire between 1848 and 1866, ending with the conquest of the entire Italian Peninsula.

* The Third Italian War of Independence ( 1866 )