* 1909 – Robert Peary and Matthew Henson reach the North Pole.

* 1909 – William M. Branham, American evangelist ( d. 1965 )

* 1909 – Hermann Lang, German race car driver ( d. 1987 )

* 1909 – Juliana of the Netherlands ( d. 2004 )

* 1909 – F. E. McWilliam, Irish sculptor ( d. 1992 )

* 1909 – Sylvère Maes, Belgian cyclist ( d. 1966 )

* 1909 – Lester Young, American saxophonist ( d. 1959 )

* 1909 – V. K. Gokak, Indian writer ( d. 1992 )

* 1909 – Adam von Trott zu Solz, German diplomat ( d. 1944 )

Monty Noble led Australia to victory in both 1907 – 08 and 1909.

* 1909 – Walter Van Tilburg Clark, American novelist ( d. 1971 )

* 1909 – Alice Huyler Ramsey and three friends become the first women to complete a transcontinental auto trip, taking 59 days to travel from New York, New York to San Francisco, California.

* 1909 – Bill Voce, England cricketer ( d. 1984 )

* 1871 – John Millington Synge, Irish writer ( d. 1909 )

* 1909 – Hugo Winterhalter, American composer and bandleader ( d. 1973 )

* 1909 – Paul Callaway, American organist and conductor ( d. 1995 )

* 1909 – Bruce Matthews, Canadian army officer and businessman ( d. 1991 )

* 1909 – First automobile race at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway takes place.

* 1909 – Nikolay Bogolyubov, Russian mathematician ( d. 1992 )

* 1829 – Carlo Acton, Italian composer and pianist ( d. 1909 )

* 1909 – Michael Rennie, English actor ( d. 1971 )

* 1909 – The Turkish military reverses the Ottoman countercoup of 1909 to force the overthrow of Sultan Abdul Hamid II.

* 1909 – Syd Buller, English cricketer ( d. 1970 )

* 1909 – Leila Danette, American actress

* July 4 – Mehmed VI ( 1918 – 1922 ) succeeds Mehmed V ( Resad ) ( 1909 – 1918 ) as Ottoman Sultan.

In 1908, Frankel sold the diamond for $ 400, 000 to a Salomon or Selim Habib, a wealthy Turkish diamond collector, reportedly in behalf of Sultan Abdul Hamid of Turkey ; however, on June 24, 1909, the stone was included in an auction of Habib's assets to settle his own debts, and the auction catalog explicitly stated that the Hope Diamond was one of only two gems in the collection which had never been owned by the Sultan.

Mohammed V ( 10 August 1909 – 26 February 1961 ) () was Sultan of Morocco from 1927 – 53, exiled from 1953 – 55, where he was again recognized as Sultan upon his return, and King from 1957 to 1961.

But the question of the viability of Ottoman rule was revived after the Young Turk Revolution of July 1908, which compelled the Sultan to restore the suspended Ottoman constitution, and the significant developments in the years 1909 – 11.

Under Sultan Ibrahim's reign, Johor Bahru continued to develop ; the Malay Peninsula railway extension was completed in 1909,

He was the eldest son of Mohammed V, Sultan, then King of Morocco ( 1909 – 1961 ) and his wife Lalla Abla bint Tahar ( 1909 – 1992 ).

On Saturday, 11 December 1909, the Big School was officially opened by the Sultan of Perak, and the auspicious date also marked the change in the name of the school from the Malay Residential School of Kuala Kangsar to the Malay College of Kuala Kangsar.

* Ungku Maimunah binti Ungku Abdul Majid ( d 1909 ); married 5 October 1892, they had one son, Sultan Ismail ( 1894 – 1981 )

The area was thus the scene of great intrigues of the late Ottoman period such as the dethronement of Sultan Abdülaziz at Dolmabahçe Palace in a coup in 1876, the announcement of the founding of the Ottoman parliament in 1908, and the deposing of Sultan Abdul Hamid II at Yıldız Palace in 1909.

The pro-reform Young Turks deposed the Sultan by July 1909, replacing him with the ineffective Mehmed V.

The second major repair was completed during the 19th century during the reign of Sultan Abdulhamid II ( 1876 – 1909 ).

In March 1909, he returned to the west coast where he filmed In the Sultan ’ s Power, one of the first motion pictures completely made in Los Angeles.

Sheikh Zayed bin Khalifa Al Nahyan ( 1840 – 1909 ) was the grandfather of Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan, first president of the United Arab Emirates.

The Sultan of Selangor officially opened the mosque in 1909, two years after construction was completed.

# HRH Sultan Awadh I bin Omar Al Qu ' aiti – Ruled 1902 – 1909

# HRH Sultan Ghalib I bin Awadh Al Qu ' aiti – Ruled 1909 – 1922

The Ottoman Sultan Selim I ( 1876 – 1909 ) reclaimed the title of Caliph, which had been in dispute and asserted by a diversity of rulers and " shadow caliphs " in the centuries of the Abbasid-Mamluk Caliphate since the Mongols ' sacking of Baghdad and the killing of the last Abbasid Caliph in Baghdad in Iraq 1258.