* 1919 – Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi orders a general strike.

* 1919 – Georgios Mylonas, Greek politician ( d. 1998 )

* 1919 – István Anhalt, Hungarian-Canadian composer ( d. 2012 )

* 1919 – Billy Vaughn, American musician and bandleader ( d. 1991 )

* 1864 – Hermann Weingärtner, German gymnast ( d. 1919 )

* 1870 – Amado Nervo, Mexican poet ( d. 1919 )

* 1919 – Murray Grand, American singer-songwriter and pianist ( d. 2007 )

* 1871 – Leonid Andreyev, Russian writer ( d. 1919 )

* 1919 – Ralph Houk, American baseball player and manager ( d. 2010 )

* 1919 – Joop den Uyl, Dutch politician ( d. 1987 )

* 1919 – Rex Humbard, American preacher and television host ( d. 2007 )

* 1919 – George Shearing, English-American pianist ( d. 2011 )

* 1919 – Nehemiah Persoff, American actor

* 1919 – The Staatliches Bauhaus school was founded by Walter Gropius in Weimar.

* 2001 – Olivia Barclay, British astrologer ( b. 1919 )

* 1856 – Alfred Deakin, Australian politician, 2nd Prime Minister of Australia ( d. 1919 )

* 2009 – Nikolaos Makarezos, Greek army officer ( b. 1919 )

The second generation was led by Fernand Braudel ( 1902 – 1985 ) and included Georges Duby ( 1919 – 1996 ), Pierre Goubert ( 1915 – 2012 ), Robert Mandrou ( 1921 – 1984 ), Pierre Chaunu ( 1923 – 2009 ), Jacques Le Goff ( 1924 – ) and Ernest Labrousse ( 1895 – 1988 ).

* 1879 – Emiliano Zapata, Mexican general ( d. 1919 )

In 1920, as the startling news that the 1919 White Sox had conspired to lose the World Series leaked out, fans grew disillusioned and disinterested in baseball.

His many plays included Nobody's Widow ( 1910 ), starring Blanche Bates ; Fair and Warmer ( 1915 ), starring Madge Kennedy ( filmed in 1919 ); The Gold Diggers ( 1919 ), starring Ina Claire ( filmed in 1923 as The Gold Diggers, in 1928 as Gold Diggers of Broadway and also as Gold Diggers of 1933 ); Ladies ' Night, 1920, starring Charlie Ruggles ( filmed in 1928 ); the famous mystery play The Bat ( with Mary Roberts Rinehart ), 1920 ( filmed in 1926, 1930 and 1959 ); Getting Gertie's Garter ( with Wilson Collison ), 1921, starring Hazel Dawn ( filmed in 1927 and 1945 ); The Demi-Virgin, 1921, also starring Hazel Dawn ; The Alarm Clock, 1923 ; The Best People ( with David Gray ), 1924 ( filmed in 1925 and as Fast and Loose in 1930 ), the song-farce Naughty Cinderella, 1925, starring Irene Bordoni and The Garden of Eden in 1927 ( filmed in as 1928 ).

** Donald Maclean, Acting Leader 1919 – 1920

It is believed that there were more than three million deserters from the Red Army in 1919 and 1920.

Approximately 500, 000 deserters were arrested in 1919 and close to 800, 000 in 1920, by troops of the ' Special Punitive Department ' of the Cheka, created to punish desertions.

The system had many faults, and opposition to Lenin and what many saw as his excessive centralisation policies came to the leadership's attention during the 8th Party Congress ( March 1919 ) and the 9th Party Congress ( March 1920 ).

On January 16, 1919, the Eighteenth Amendment was ratified, ushering in Prohibition in the United States, which lasted from 1920 to 1933.

David Kahanamoku, Lord Louis Mountbatten, Prince Edward, and Duke Kahanamoku, c. 1920. After his war service, and having been promoted to sub-lieutenant on 15 January 1919, Mountbatten attended Christ's College, Cambridge for two terms where he studied engineering in a programme that was specially designed for ex-servicemen.

D ' Annunzio and Fascist Alceste De Ambris developed the quasi-fascist Italian Regency of Carnaro, a city-state in Fiume, from 1919 to 1920.

With the 1920, militant strike activity by industrial workers reached its peak in Italy, where 1919 and 1920 were known as the " Red Years ".

Similarly, it was presented to various government officials, military and diplomatic, in the United States and in Europe ( 1919 – 1920 ), in opposition to the Russian Revolution, and to influence the terms of the peace settlement which resulted in the Treaty of Versailles.

The decision to build a major seaport at the Gdynia village was made by the Polish government in the winter of 1920, in the midst of the Polish-Soviet War ( 1919 – 1920 ).

The reign of Alfonso XIII ( 1886 – 1931 ) saw the Spanish-American War of 1898, culminating in the loss of the Philippines plus Spain's last colonies in the Americas, Cuba and Puerto Rico ; the " Great War " in Europe ( now known as World War I, 1914 – 1918 ), although Spain maintained neutrality throughout the conflict ; the influenza pandemic nicknamed the Spanish Flu ( 1918 – 1919 ); and the Rif War in Morocco ( 1920 – 1926 ).

* Radio Amateur News — July 1919 to July 1920 — dropped the word " amateur " and became just Radio News

In no small measure through the diplomatic efforts of Venizelos, Greece secured Western Thrace in the Treaty of Neuilly in November 1919 and Eastern Thrace and a zone around Smyrna in western Anatolia ( already under Greek administration since May 1919 ) in the Treaty of Sèvres of August 1920.

The Monthly Summary of Foreign Commerce of the United States recorded that in the 7 months to January 1920, 528, 635 pounds of opium was imported, compared to 74, 650 pounds in the same period in 1919.

Attacks on remote Royal Irish Constabulary ( RIC ) barracks continued throughout 1919 and 1920, forcing the police to consolidate defensively in the larger towns, effectively placing large areas of the countryside in the hands of the Republicans.

* 1920 – The steel strike of 1919 ends in a complete failure for the Amalgamated Association of Iron, Steel and Tin Workers labor union.

* Fiume Krone, currency of the City of Fiume ( 1919 – 1920 ), succeeded by Italian Lira

In November 1919, the newly elected Weimar National Assembly initiated a Untersuchungsausschuß für Schuldfragen to investigate the causes of the World War and Germany's defeat.

After the Estonian War of Independence in 1919, the Estonian language became the state language of the newly independent country.

Following the end of World War I, the Greater Poland Uprising ( 1918 – 1919 ) ensured that most of the region became part of the newly independent Polish state, forming most of Poznań Voivodeship ( 1921 – 1939 ).

* 1919 – Ignacy Jan Paderewski becomes Prime Minister of the newly independent Poland.

After the Treaty of Versailles following World War I, Liegnitz was part of the newly created Province of Lower Silesia from 1919 to 1938, then of the Province of Silesia from 1938 to 1941, and again of the Province of Lower Silesia from 1941 to 1945.

Following World War I, Breslau became the capital of the newly created Prussian Province of Lower Silesia in 1919.

Following the end of World War I, the Greater Poland Uprising ( 1918 – 1919 ) ensured that most of the region became part of the newly independent Polish state, forming most of Poznań Voivodeship ( 1921 – 1939 ).

At the end of World War I the city became part of the newly independent Second Polish Republic, as the capital of the Białystok Voivodeship ( 1919 – 1939 ).

In 1919, he returned to the newly independent Poland, where he was very active in promoting the veneration of the Immaculate Virgin Mary, founding and supervising the monastery of Niepokalanów near Warsaw, a seminary, a radio station, and several other organizations and publications.

For a short period between 1918 and 1921 Tychy was just inside the border of the newly formed Weimar Republic and still a part of the German Province of Silesia, only securing its place within the Second Polish Republic after the armed Silesian Uprisings ( 1919 to 1921 ).

The newly reconstituted Poland took control of Brest in 1919 as part of her heritage as a matter of right.

The application of the newly discovered secondary emission to the amplification of signals was only proposed after World War I by Westinghouse scientist Joseph Slepian in a 1919 patent.

Upon the Austrian defeat in World War I, the newly established Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes ( later renamed to Yugoslavia ) in 1919 occupied southern Carinthia.

The newly formed Weimar Republic did need a military though, and on 6 March 1919 a decree established the Vorläufige Reichswehr (" Provisional National Defence "), consisting of a Vorläufige Reichsheer (" Provisional National Army ") and a Vorläufige Reichsmarine (" Provisional National Navy ").

After the armistice of 11 November the Imperial Army had split up, and the newly established German Reichswehr army according to the 1919 Treaty of Versailles was to be confined to no more than 100, 000 troops.

The site of the Hollywood Bowl was chosen in 1919 by William Reed and his son H. Ellis Reed, members of the newly formed Theatre Arts Alliance who were dispatched to find a suitable location for outdoor performances.

In the newly independent Finnish constitution of 1919, Finnish and Swedish were given equal status.

From November 1918 to March 1919, western and central parts of Banat were governed by Serbian administration from Novi Sad, as part of the Banat, Bačka and Baranja province of the Kingdom of Serbia and newly formed Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes ( which was later renamed to Yugoslavia ).

In 1919, he was called to become Professor extraordinarius at the newly founded University of Hamburg ; in 1922, he became Professor ordinarius at the University of Greifswald, and in 1925 at the University of Erlangen.

Twenty-seven of the newly elected Sinn Féin MPs assembled in Dublin on 21 January 1919 and formed an independent Irish parliament, or First Dáil Èireann of the thirty-two counties.

In November 1919, he chaired a meeting in support of American recognition of the newly created Soviet Union.

In the aftermath of World War I, the short-lived Republic of Tarnobrzeg was declared here, and in 1919, it became part of Lwow Voivodeship of the newly independent Second Polish Republic.

During its two-year history ( 1919 – 1921 ), the newly elected Constituent Assembly of Georgia adopted 126 laws.

By the Treaty of Versailles on June 28, 1919 Germany ceded the Kreis Wirsitz to the newly reestablished Poland.