* 1999, Paul Shelley as Antony and Mark Rylance as Cleopatra in an all male cast production at Shakespeare's Globe Theatre in London.

and translator, Antony Beaumont and Susanne Rode-Breymann ) Faber and Faber ( 1 February 1999 ) ISBN 0-571-19340-4

* Hornblower, Simon & Spaworth, Antony ( 1999 ).

After the House of Lords Act 1999 passed, several hereditary peers of the first creation, who had not inherited their titles but would still be excluded from the House of Lords by the Act, were created life peers: Toby Low, 1st Baron Aldington ; Frederick James Erroll, 1st Baron Erroll of Hale ; Frank Pakenham, 7th Earl of Longford and 1st Baron Pakenham ; and Antony Armstrong-Jones, 1st Earl of Snowdon.

* Antony Genn – guitar ( 1999 – 2000 )

In addition to literary criticism, Joshi has also edited books on atheism and social relations, including Documents of American Prejudice ( 1999 ), an annotated collection of American racist writings ; In Her Place ( 2006 ), which collects written examples of prejudice against women ; and Atheism: A Reader ( 2000 ), which collects atheistic writings by such people as Antony Flew, George Eliot, Bertrand Russell, Emma Goldman, Gore Vidal and Carl Sagan, among others.

He had begun his stage career in 1999 when he was offered a season with the Royal Shakespeare Company playing roles in Ben Jonson's Volpone, as the title character in Oroonoko ( which he also performed in the BBC radio adaptation ) and Shakespeare's Antony and Cleopatra ( 1999 ) alongside Guy Henry, Frances de la Tour and Alan Bates.

In 1999, she returned to the RSC to play Cleopatra opposite Alan Bates in Antony and Cleopatra in which she did a nude walk across the stage.

Toby Cockerell played Katherine of France in the theatre's opening production of Henry V in 1997, while Mark Rylance played Cleopatra in the 1999 production of Antony and Cleopatra.

From 1999 to 2000, Smith played Emma, the girlfriend of Antony ( Ralf Little ) in The Royle Family, but has not appeared in later episodes ; she has also played Janet in the long-running series Two Pints of Lager and a Packet of Crisps, the girlfriend, then wife, then widow of Johnny ( also portrayed by Ralf Little ) from 2001 until her departure from the show in 2009.

Other RSC roles have included the First Knight and First Tempter in Murder in the Cathedral ( Swan, 1993 ), Stubb in Moby Dick ( TOP, 1993 ), the Prince of Morocco in The Merchant of Venice ( RST, 1994 ), Paris in Troilus and Cressida ( Ian Judge, RST, 1996 ), the Marquis of Posa in Don Carlos ( 1999 ), Pericles in Adrian Noble's Pericles, Prince of Tyre ( RST and Roundhouse, 2002 ) and Mark Antony in Julius Caesar ( 2012 ).

Purefoy, too, received starring roles in Mansfield Park ( 1999 ), Resident Evil ( 2002 ), Vanity Fair ( 2004 ) and as Marc Antony in Rome.

* Cleopatra ( 1999 film ), an American film produced by Hallmark Entertainment

* The 1999 film Cleopatra ( played by Billy Zane )

Dread then signed to Cleopatra Records and recorded De-jah Voodoo in 1999 produced by Bob Knarley ( Howard Ulyate ), the son of legendary trombone player Lloyd Ulyate.

She played the title role in the 1999 film Cleopatra.

In 1999, she played the title character in the TV movie Cleopatra.

The group toured the United States in 1998, with one stop captured on the live album Live at the Key Club, which was released in 1999 through Cleopatra Records.

* The Wild Bunch ( Dead Line / Cleopatra, 1999 )

* The Wild Bunch ( Cleopatra, 1999 )

* Cleopatra ( 1999 )

* Witchcraft ( Cleopatra, 1999 )

* Aerosmith Tribute: Not The Same Old Song & Dance, ( 1999 ), Cleopatra

Red Raw & Sore was re-released in the United States in 1999 by Cleopatra Records as part of The Swining / Red Raw & Sore.

* The Black Bible-" An Exit ( Alternate Mix )" ( 1999 ) Cleopatra, US ( CD )

* Virgin Voices-" Swim " ( 1999 ) Cleopatra, US / RCA Victor, Japan ( CD )

* We Will Follow-" I Will Follow " 1999, Cleopatra, US / Anagram Records, UK ( CD )

* In 27 BC, following his defeat of Mark Antony and Cleopatra, the Roman Senate voted him new titles, officially becoming Imperator Caesar Divi Filius Augustus.

A fictionalized version of this Ahenobarbus appears in Shakespeare's Antony and Cleopatra under the name of " Enobarbus "

The final conflict was provoked by Antony, who is said to have been persuaded by his lover, the queen Cleopatra of Egypt, to retire to her land and give battle to mask his retreat ; but lack of provisions and the growing demoralization of his army would eventually account for this decision.

It was a naval engagement fought between the forces of Octavian and the combined forces of Mark Antony and Cleopatra VII.

That occurred when Mark Antony, the other most influential member of the Triumvirate, abandoned his wife, Octavian's sister Octavia Minor, and moved to Egypt to start a long-term romance with Cleopatra, thus becoming de facto stepfather to Caesarion.

In fact, Antony and Cleopatra formally elevated to power Caesarion, then thirteen years of age, in 34 BC, giving him the vague but alarming title of " King of the Kings " ( Donations of Alexandria ).

Octavian complained that Antony had no authority for being in Egypt ; that his execution of Sextus Pompeius was illegal ; that his treachery to the king of Armenia disgraced the Roman name ; that he had not sent half the proceeds of the spoils to Rome according to his agreement ; that his connection with Cleopatra and the acknowledgment of Caesarion as a legitimate son of Julius Caesar were a degradation of his office and a menace to himself.

Octavian was not present, but at the next meeting made a reply of such a nature that the consuls both left Rome to join Antony ; and Antony, when he heard of it, after publicly divorcing Octavia, came at once to Ephesus with Cleopatra, where a vast fleet was gathered from all parts of the East, of which Cleopatra furnished a large proportion.

But, by the publication of Antony's will, which had been put into his hands by the traitor Plancus, and by carefully letting it be known at Rome what preparations were going on at Samos, and how entirely Antony was acting as the agent of Cleopatra, Octavian produced such a violent outburst of feeling that he easily obtained Antony's deposition from the consulship of 31, for which he had been designated, and a vote for a proclamation of war against Cleopatra, well understood to mean against Antony, though he was not named.

Antony foresaw that he would not be able to defeat Octavian's forces, so he and Cleopatra stayed in the rear of the formation.

Antony seized the opportunity and with Cleopatra on her ship and him on a different ship, sped through the gap and escaped, abandoning his entire force.

Mark Antony then tried to flee from the battle, and as a result of a communication breakdown, came to believe that Cleopatra had been captured, and hence committed suicide.

Cleopatra VII ( 69 – 30 BC ) was the last pharaoh of Egypt, famed lover of Mark Antony and Julius Caesar.

* Cleopatra Selene II ( 40 – 5 BC ), daughter of Cleopatra VII and Mark Antony

He also played a role in a tour of Antony and Cleopatra, produced by the actress Katharine Cornell in 1946.

The phrase " gaudy night " is taken from Shakespeare's Antony & Cleopatra:

Herod originally leased Jericho from Cleopatra, after Mark Antony gave it to her as a gift.

Mark Antony supposedly gave Cleopatra over 200, 000 scrolls ( taken from the great Library of Pergamum ) for the library as a wedding gift, but this is regarded by some historians as a propagandist claim meant to show Antony's allegiance to Egypt rather than Rome.