[permalink] [id link]
* 31 BC: Roman Civil War: Battle of Actium — Off the western coast of Greece, forces of Octavian defeat troops under Mark Antony and Cleopatra.
from
Wikipedia
Some Related Sentences
31 and BC
Julius Caesar added two days when he created the Julian calendar in 45 BC giving it its modern length of 31 days.
The Triumvirate was eventually torn apart under the competing ambitions of its members: Lepidus was driven into exile and stripped of his position, and Antony committed suicide following his defeat at the Battle of Actium by Augustus in 31 BC.
Actium is chiefly famous as the site of Octavian's decisive victory over Mark Antony ( September 2, 31 BC ).
The battle took place on 2 September 31 BC, on the Ionian Sea near the city of Actium, at the Roman province of Epirus vetus in Greece.
Indeed, military operations began in 31 BC, when Octavian's general Agrippa captured Methone, a Greek town allied to Antony.
The two fleets met outside the Gulf of Actium ( Today Preveza city, Greece ), on the morning of 2 September 31 BC.
Despite a victory at Alexandria on 31 July 30 BC, more of Mark Antony's men deserted, leaving him with insufficient forces to fight Octavian.
Category: 31 BC
The Chauvet Cave in the Ardèche Departments of France contains the most important preserved cave paintings of the Paleolithic era, painted around 31, 000 BC.
The Julio-Claudian dynasty normally refers to the first five Roman Emperors: Augustus, Tiberius, Caligula ( also known as Gaius ), Claudius, and Nero, or the family to which they belonged ; they ruled the Roman Empire from its formation, in the second half of the 1st century ( 44 / 31 / 27 ) BC, until AD 68, when the last of the line, Nero, committed suicide.
Disagreement between Octavian and Antony erupted into civil war, the final war of the Roman Republic, in 31 BC.
In 31 BC, the war started.
:: B. Livilla, 13 BC – 31 AD, had three children
According to Josephus, a 1st-century Jewish Roman historian, Herod the Great fortified Masada between 37 and 31 BC as a refuge for himself in the event of a revolt.
* 31 BC – Final War of the Roman Republic: Battle of Actium – off the western coast of Greece, forces of Octavian defeat troops under Mark Antony and Cleopatra.
One of Sappho's poems ( fragment 31 ) was famously translated by the 1st century BC Roman poet Catullus in his " Ille mi par esse deo videtur " (" He seems to me to be equal to a god ") ( Catullus 51 ).
The biographical tradition says that Virgil and Maecenas took turns reading the Georgics to Octavian upon his return from defeating Antony and Cleopatra at the Battle of Actium in 31 BC.
Year 31 BC was either a common year starting on Tuesday, Wednesday or Thursday or a leap year starting on Tuesday or Wednesday ( link will display the full calendar ) of the Julian calendar ( the sources differ, see leap year error for further information ) and a common year starting on Tuesday of the Proleptic Julian calendar.
The denomination 31 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.
tl: 31 BC
* The Hellenistic period ends, according to some scholars ( usual date 31 BC ).
* Hillel the Elder, Jewish scholar and Nasi of the Sanhedrin, in office c. 31 BC – 9 AD
* Hillel the Elder, Jewish scholar and Nasi of the Sanhedrin, in office c. 31 BC – 9 AD
The Aeneid is full of prophecies about the future of Rome, the deeds of Augustus, his ancestors, and famous Romans, and the Carthaginian Wars ; the shield of Aeneas even depicts Augustus ' victory at Actium in 31 BC.
31 and Roman
* Edward Gibbon, History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, Chapter 30 and Chapter 31.
Caligula (; 31 August AD 12 – 24 January AD 41 ), also known as Gaius, was Roman Emperor from 37 AD to 41 AD.
Image: Roman gold coins excavated in Pudukottai India one coin of Caligula 31 41 and two coins of Nero 54 68. jpg | Roman gold coins excavated in Pudukottai, India, examples of Indo-Roman trade during the period.
The Roman Near East, 31 B. C .– A. D.
* Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church: Conclave of 31 March-8 May 1724
John Wycliffe (; also spelt Wyclif, Wycliff, Wiclef, Wicliffe, or Wickliffe ) ( c. 1320 – 31 December 1384 ) was an English Scholastic philosopher, theologian, lay preacher, translator, reformer and university teacher at Oxford in England, who was known as an early dissident in the Roman Catholic Church during the 14th century.
The labyrinth retains its connection with death and a triumphant return: at Hadrumentum in North Africa ( now Sousse ), a Roman family tomb has a fourfold labyrinth mosaic floor with a dying minotaur in the center and a mosaic inscription: " Enclosed here, he loses life " ( Kern 169 ; Kerényi fig. 31 ).
As of 31 December 2010, 36. 8 % of the city's inhabitants were Roman Catholic, 13. 6 % Protestant, and 0. 3 % Jewish .< ref >
Romulus Augustus ( born perhaps around 460 – died after 476, possibly alive around 500 ), is sometimes considered the last Western Roman Emperor ( although by other accounts the last Western Roman Emperor was Julius Nepos ), reigning from 31 October 475 until 4 September 476.
* March 31 – Ferdinand and Isabella sign the Alhambra decree, expelling all Jews from Spain unless they convert to Roman Catholicism.
* December 31 – The Papal encyclical Casti Connubii issued by Pope Pius XI stresses the sanctity of marriage, prohibits Roman Catholics from using any form of artificial birth control, and reaffirms the Catholic prohibition on abortion.
* December 31 – Thirty Years ' War: The Peace of Nikolsburg is signed between Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor and Gabor Bethlen, Prince of Transylvania.
* August 31 – Caligula, Roman Emperor
* Gratian recalls his military commander Flavius Theodosius, age 31, son of the executed general Theodosius the Elder and appoints him co-emperor of the Eastern Roman Empire.
* May 31 – Petronius Maximus, emperor of the Western Roman Empire
31 and Civil
The core of the new agency was composed of the Civil Aeronautics Board's Bureau of Safety ( The CAB retained its economic regulation of the airline industry until it was closed on December 31, 1984 due to the Airline Deregulation Act of 1978 ).
Elizabeth's nephew was Sir Anthony Aucher ( 1614 – 31 May 1692 ) an English politician and Cavalier during the English Civil War.
* August 31 – The retreat of the Greek Democratic Army in Albania after its defeat at Mount Grammos marks the end of the Greek Civil War.
* January 31 – American Civil War: Confederate General Robert E. Lee becomes general-in-chief.
* January 31 – Eddie Slovik is executed by firing squad for desertion, the first American soldier since the American Civil War, and last to date to be executed for this offense.
* August 17 – American Civil War: In Charleston, South Carolina, Union batteries and ships bombard Confederate-held Fort Sumter ( the bombardment does not end until Thursday, December 31 ).
* May 31 – Syria intervenes in the Lebanese Civil War in opposition to the Palestine Liberation Organization, whom it had previously supported.
* May 1 – Angolan Civil War: The MPLA and UNITA agree to the Bicesse Accords, which are formally signed on May 31 in Lisbon.
* December 31 – American Civil War: President Abraham Lincoln signs an act that admits West Virginia to the Union, thus dividing Virginia into two pieces.
* August 31 – American Civil War: Union forces led by General William T. Sherman launch an assault on Atlanta, Georgia.
On 31 January 1945, he became the first American soldier to be executed for desertion since the American Civil War.
As a result, Rule 31. 05. 1 of the Ontario Rules of Civil Procedure has, since January 1, 2010, limited examinations for discovery to 7 hours per party except with consent of the other parties or the leave of the Court.
Edward Donald Slovik ( February 18, 1920 – January 31, 1945 ) was a private in the United States Army during World War II and the only American soldier to be court-martialled and executed for desertion since the American Civil War.
According to the Israel Civil Aviation Authority, as of 31 January 2008, Israel's civil aircraft fleet consisted of 53 aircraft ; 47 passenger planes, 5 freighters and one convertible.
Until May 31, 2003 Tocumen International Airport was managed by the Civil Aeronautics Directorate ( which is known today as the Civil Aeronautics Authority ).
* William Cumback, ( March 24, 1829 – July 31, 1905 ) An attorney, Civil War Army Paymaster, U. S. Representative and Lieutenant Governor of Indiana.
* John T. Wilder, ( January 31, 1830 – October 20, 1917 ) Industrialist and Civil War Union General, well known for commanding the Lightning Brigade, and for success at the Battle of Chickamauga.
During the American Civil War, Union forces occupied Richmond on March 31, 1863.
On January 31, 1865, toward the end of the American Civil War, five squadrons of Union cavalry marched into New Roads in a blinding rainstorm.
Stones River National Battlefield, the museum and battlefield described about the Battle of Stones River on December 31, 1862 – January 3, 1863, one of American Civil War Battles.
Meade was promoted from captain to brigadier general of volunteers on August 31, 1861, a few months after the start of the Civil War, based on the strong recommendation of Pennsylvania Governor Andrew Curtin.
On July 31, 2010, Bright Eyes teamed up with the American Civil Liberties Union ( ACLU ) of Nebraska to put on a concert for equality in Omaha, Nebraska.
* January 31 – CBS airs a multi-Emmy-winning adaptation of Ernest J. Gaines ' novel The Autobiography of Miss Jane Pittman, which follows the 110-year life of a former slave from the Civil War to the civil rights movement.
1.020 seconds.