IT has borrowed the term brownfield from the building industry, where undeveloped land ( and especially unpolluted land ) is described as greenfield and previously developed land – which is often polluted and abandoned – is described as brownfield.

* A brownfield architecture is an IT network design that incorporates legacy systems.

* Westfield Stratford City is a multi-billion pound scheme to regenerate the 73-hectare brownfield railway lands to the north of the existing town centre.

The Tipsico Lake Project is a brownfield redevelopment project to restore the land and surrounding area.

In the United States urban planning jargon, a brownfield site ( or simply a brownfield ) is land previously used for industrial purposes or some commercial uses.

Land that is more severely contaminated and has high concentrations of hazardous waste or pollution, such as a Superfund site, does not fall under the brownfield classification.

The environmental firm first performs an extensive investigation of the brownfield site to ensure that the guaranteed cleanup cost is reasonable and they will not wind up with any surprises.

Some state governments restrict development of brownfield sites to particular uses in order to minimize exposure to leftover contaminants on-site after the cleanup is completed ; such properties are deed-restricted in their future usage.

The redevelopment of brownfield sites is a significant part of new urbanism, while some brownfields are left as green spaces for recreational uses.

Another example is the Atlantic Station project in Atlanta, the largest brownfield redevelopment in the United States.

But one of the most well-known areas in the United States for brownfield redevelopment is Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, which has successfully converted numerous former steel mill sites into high-end residential, shopping and offices.

In the United States, investigation and cleanup of brownfield sites is largely regulated by state environmental agencies in cooperation with the Environmental Protection Agency ( EPA ). The EPA, together with local and national government, can provide technical help and some funding for assessment and cleanup of designated sites.

Many contaminated brownfield sites sit unused for decades because the cost of cleaning them to safe standards is more than the land would be worth after redevelopment.

Meanwhile, valuable urban green space and brownfield sites best suited to industry and commerce are lost in existing conurbations as more and more new housing is crammed into them.

Walsall is currently undergoing a new era of urban regeneration with many brownfield sites being replaced with modern houses, flats and offices.

The second scheme is at a brownfield site to the north east of the town centre at Brackla.

There is no Further Education or Higher Education presence in Cinderford, but a rumoured link with the University of the West of England ( UWE ) has been suggested as the force behind a planned campus as part of the Northern Arc Re-generation project, to revitalise former brownfield land in the Steam-Mills area, which extends towards Nailbridge from the northern edge of Cinderford.

It is expected to complete in 2010, when most of the areas occupied by the submarine refit facilities will have been returned to brownfield status and be ready for redevelopment.

In addition to evaluating the health effects of contamination at specific brownfield sites, ATSDR encourages communities to monitor community health.

In addition, SSBx runs the Bronx Environmental Stewardship Training ( BEST ) program, which takes qualifying students through 10 weeks of intensive training covering everything from tree pruning and climbing to OSHA brownfield remediation to green roof installation and maintenance to estuary restoration to job / life skills.

Faultless owners and managers, and their engineering and architectural partners, conceived “ The Faultless 8th Street Plan .” Using the existing manufacturing plant as a centerpiece, the plan called for assembling near-by brownfield ’ s real estate sites, and relocating Faultless office workers to the campus from another part of the city.

Although the town retains much of its existing Victorian and Edwardian housing stock, new estates have been built on former brownfield land including that of the Radcliffe Paper Mill Company.

Broadweave primarily has experience developing in new developments (" greenfields ") whereas Provo is an " overbuild " or " brownfield " development delivering services to existing homes.

Still other innovative strategies include hospitals digitizing medical information in electronic medical records ; HUD ’ s HOPE VI initiatives to eradicate city ’ s severely distressed public housing to revitalized, mixed income environments ; the Harlem Children ’ s Zone that uses a community-based approach to educate local area children ; and EPA ’ s brownfield grants that aids in turning over brownfields for environmental protection, green spaces, community and commercial development.

Many federal and state programs have been developed to help developers interested in cleaning up brownfield sites and restoring them to practical uses.

For example, some environmental firms have teamed up with insurance companies to underwrite the cleanup of distressed brownfield properties and provide a guaranteed cleanup cost for a specific brownfield property, to limit land developers ' exposure to environmental remediation costs and pollution lawsuits.

Recently, there has been some effort to address this problem by banning the development of out-of-town commercial developments, and encouraging the reuse of brownfield or previously developed sites for residential building.

In the 1990s, an elevated portion of NW Lovejoy Street from the Broadway Bridge past NW 10th Avenue was demolished, opening dozens of surrounding blocks ( including some brownfield sites ) for development, which peaked in the 2000s.

In recent years the area has seen new construction work on infill sites, and some residential development of brownfield sites more generally.

Demolition of the site's landmark blue gasometer in 1996, and the subsequent cleanup operation, has created the largest brownfield site in Europe.

As chromium compounds were used in dyes and paints and the tanning of leather, these compounds are often found in soil and groundwater at abandoned industrial sites, now needing environmental cleanup and remediation per the treatment of brownfield land.

The government offers investors various forms of state aid, such as: CIT tax at the level of 19 % and investment incentives in 14 Special Economic Zones ( among others: income tax exemption, real estate tax exemption, competitive land prices ), several industrial and technology parks, the possibility to benefit from the EU structural funds, brownfield and greenfield localizations.

The pollution of industrial land gave rise to the name brownfield, a term now common in city planning.

Through zoning, new development can be restricted to specific areas, and additional density incentives can be offered for brownfield and greyfield land.

The railway was installed in 1979 as part of a brownfield reclamation project that transformed a collection of hills containing a former refuse dump into a resort, convention and recreation center.

Norbiton's housing stock largely consists of large family Victorian and Edwardian houses, plus small localised brownfield redevelopments of 1960s, 1980s and modern flats.

As industry relocated away from London during the 1960s, the population entered a decline, that has begun to reverse with new housing developments on brownfield sites.

Replanting of brownfield land has created new parks and recreation areas.

As industry declined during the 1960s, the population entered a long decline, but has now begun to rise again with new housing developments on brownfield sites.

This decline began to reverse with the establishment of the London Docklands Development Corporation bringing new industries and housing to the brownfield sites along the river.

Activities carried out on the forest estate include maintenance and improvement of the natural environment and the provision of recreation, timber harvesting to supply domestic industry, regenerating brownfield and replanting of harvested areas.

As the mills closed, this area became a large brownfield site.

The Charter of the New Urbanism also covers issues such as historic preservation, safe streets, green building, and the re-development of brownfield land.

In Jersey City, two project are planned to transform brownfield sites, both of which have required remediation of toxic waste by previous owners.

Example of brownfield land at a disused gasworks site after excavation, with soil contamination from removed underground storage tanks.