Adoptionism, sometimes called dynamic monarchianism, is a minority Christian belief that Jesus was adopted as God's Son either at his baptism, his resurrection, or his ascension.

Adoptionism ( also known as dynamic monarchianism ) denies the eternal pre-existence of Christ, and although it explicitly affirms his deity subsequent to events in his life, many classical trinitarians claim that the doctrine implicitly denies it by denying the constant hypostatic union of the eternal Logos to the human nature of Jesus.

Adoptionism is one of two main forms of monarchianism ( the other is modalism, which regards " Father " and " Son " as two historical or soteriological roles of a single divine Person ).

Francesco Albani's The Baptism of Christ, when Jesus became one with God according to Adoptionism

Adoptionism was declared heresy at the end of the 2nd century and was rejected by the First Council of Nicaea, which defined the orthodox doctrine of the Trinity and identified the man Jesus with the eternally begotten Son or Word of God.

Adoptionism was one position in a long series of Christian disagreements about the precise nature of Christ ( see Christology ) in the developing dogma of the Trinity, an attempt to explain the relationship between Jesus of Nazareth, both as man and God, and God the Father while confidently claiming to be uncompromisingly monotheistic.

By the end of the 2nd century, Adoptionism was declared a heresy and it was formally rejected by the First Council of Nicaea ( 325 ), which wrote the orthodox doctrine of the Trinity and identified Jesus as eternally begotten of God.

Under Adoptionism Jesus is currently divine and has been since his adoption, although he is not equal to the Father, per " my Father is greater than I " ().

The first known exponent of Adoptionism in the 2nd century is Theodotus of Byzantium.

In the Gospel of the Hebrews, Jesus is but a man ( see Adoptionism ) submitting to another man for the forgiveness of the " sin of ignorance " ( a lesser sin, but sin nonetheless ).

The author of multiple treatises, ranging in subject matter from the iconoclast controversy to Spanish Adoptionism to critiques of the Carolingian royal family, Agobard is best known for his critiques of Jewish religious practices and political power in the Frankish realm.

Spanish Adoptionism was a theological position which was articulated in Umayyad and Christian-held regions of the Iberian peninsula in the 8th and 9th centuries.

Despite the shared name of " Adoptionism " the Spanish Adoptionist Christology appears to have differed sharply from the Adoptionism of early Christianity.

Historically, many scholars have followed the Adoptionists ' Carolingian opponents in labeling Spanish Adoptionism as a minor revival of “ Nestorian ” Christology.

John C. Cavadini has challenged this notion by attempting to take the Spanish Christology in its own Spanish / North African context in his important study, The Last Christology of the West: Adoptionism in Spain and Gaul, 785 – 820.

The bishops in council condemned the heresy of Adoptionism taught by the Spanish bishops, Elipandus of Toledo and Felix of Urgel.

Paul was an early forerunner of Adoptionism.

However, historical records show that the Paulicians were bitterly persecuted more for their gnostic and iconoclastic views than for their adherence to Adoptionism.

Various nontrinitarian views, such as Adoptionism, Monarchianism and Arianism existed prior to the formal definition of the Trinity doctrine in 325, 360, and 431 AD, at the Councils of Nicaea, Constantinople, and Ephesus.

This doctrine, sometimes called " Dynamic Monarchianism " or " Adoptionism ", was declared heretical by Pope Victor I, and Theodotus was excommunicated.

He denied the supernatural birth of Jesus, making him the son of Joseph and Mary, and distinguishing him from Christ, who descended upon him at baptism ( see also Adoptionism ) and left him again at his crucifixion.

The doctrinal reason centered on Adoptionism.

Controversy flared, for instance, around ' Spanish Adoptionism, around the views on predestination of Gottschalk, or around the eucharistic views of Ratramnus.

Thus, it seemed to be a nuanced form of Nestorianism and came to be known as Adoptionism.

However, Elipando's Adoptionism was not the same as another ancient heresy also called Adoptionism.

190-200 AD ), Paul of Samosata ( 200-275 AD ), and Lucian of Antioch ( c. 240-312 AD )-held to a Christological doctrine known as Adoptionism or Dynamic Monarchianism, which was very similar to Cerinthian Christology.

John Quincy Adams followed a Oneness or concurrent modalistic monarchian form of Unitarianism, not to be confused with dynamic monarchianism another Unitarian teaching.

* M12: M11 with bouldery, dynamic moves and tenuous technical holds.

The simulator must calculate the target address and length and compare this against a list of valid address ranges that it holds concerning the thread's environment, such as any dynamic memory blocks acquired since the thread's inception, plus any valid shared static memory slots.

Cholesterol is the dynamic " glue " that holds the raft together.

The most recent film made entirely in time-lapse photography is Nate North's film Silicon Valley Timelapse, which holds the distinction of being the first feature length film shot almost entirely in 3 frame high dynamic range.

The idea of the sanskara holds implications for metaphysics, psychology, and process philosophy by offering a verb-like or dynamic way to account for experience rather than a purely substance or entity-based model.

English Dominican mysticism in the late medieval period differed from European strands of it in that, whereas European Dominican mysticism tended to concentrate on ecstatic experiences of union with the divine, English Dominican mysticism's ultimate focus was on a crucial dynamic in one's personal relationship with God.

It's as though God is waking up to the possibilities that are inherent in temporally limited acts, and like an artist developing his ideas in dynamic interaction with an ever-changing medium, He is making new discoveries about himself every day.

In Kabbalah, while God is an absolutely simple ( non-compound ), infinite Unity beyond grasp, as described in Jewish philosophy by Maimonides, through His Kabbalistic manifestations such as the Sephirot and the Shekhinah ( Divine Presence ), we relate to the living dynamic Divinity that emanates, enclothes, is revealed in, and incorporates, the multifarious spiritual and physical plurality of Creation within the Infinite Unity.

But the figures are more violent in action, the central space taken up, not with a commanding God, but with the dynamic figure of Neoptolemos as he seizes the aged king Priam and stabs him.

" In Islam, according to eminent theologians such as Al-Ghazali, although events are ordained ( and written by God in al-Lawh al-Mahfūz, the Preserved Tablet ), humans possess free will to choose between wrong and right, and are thus responsible for their actions ; the conscience being a dynamic personal connection to God enhanced by knowledge and practise of the Five Pillars of Islam, deeds of piety, repentance, self-discipline and prayer ; and disintegrated and metaphorically covered in blackness through sinful acts.

Here JS Bach's use of counterpoint and contrapuntal settings, his dynamic discourse of melodically and rhythmically distinct voices seeking forgiveness of sins (" Qui tollis peccata mundi, miserere nobis ") evokes a spiraling moral conversation of all humanity expressing his belief that " with devotional music, God is always present in his grace ".

Mother India can also be seen as a metaphor of the trinity of mother, God, and a dynamic nation.

This program prepares people for ministries that seek to make God ’ s word dynamic and intelligible to people at every stage in their lives.

Together with the Brazilian Assemblies of God founded 1911 in Pará, by the Swedish-Americans, Daniel Berg and Gunnar Vingren, the Christian Congregation of Brazil are the early foundation of the Brazilian Pentecostal Movement, one of the most dynamic and fast-growing evangelical movements worldwide.

Following his dynamic lead vocal performance on " God Only Knows " in 1966, Carl was increasingly lead vocalist for the band, a role previously dominated by Mike Love and Brian Wilson.

This dynamic action becomes re-presentation of past gracious acts of God in the present, so powerfully as to make them truly present now.

A dynamic experience of God ’ s free spirit is the answer to regional antagonism, economic depression, racial conflict and international strife.

There is a dynamic relationship between God and the world that grows and develops, or is in process.

His philosophy is very similar to that of Alfred North Whitehead, who believed that God is not static but dynamic, in a continual process of becoming as the universe evolves.

Under the impression of a combination of the Christian expectation of the Kingdom of God, the life philosophies of the time, and the socialistic faith in the future of the younger Blumhardt, as well as the philosophy of German idealism, Kutter reached a dynamic view of God: God, who through Christ penetrates humankind and the world in eternal reality is the only reality of life.

This dynamic action becomes re-presentation of past gracious acts of God in the present, so powerfully as to make them truly present now.