Ambrosius Aurelianus, ; called Aurelius Ambrosius in the Historia Regum Britanniae and elsewhere, was a war leader of the Romano-British who won an important battle against the Anglo-Saxons in the 5th century, according to Gildas.

Ambrosius Aurelianus is one of the few people that Gildas identifies by name in his sermon De Excidio et Conquestu Britanniae, and the only one named from the 5th century.

This is perhaps a generation before the battle that Gildas says were commanded by Ambrosius Aurelianus.

" In Chapter 48 Ambrosius Aurelianus is described as " king among all the kings of the British nation ".

Ambrosius Aurelianus appears in later pseudo-chronicle tradition beginning with Geoffrey's Historiae Regum Britanniae with the slightly garbled name Aurelius Ambrosius, now presented as son of a King Constantine.

If this etymology is combined with the tradition reported by Geoffrey of Monmouth stating that Ambrosius Aurelianus ordered the building of Stonehenge – which is located within the parish of Amesbury ( and where Ambrosius was supposedly buried ) – and with the presence of an Iron Age hill fort also in that parish, then it may be tempting to connect Ambrosius with Amesbury.

In Alfred Duggan's Conscience of the King, a historical novel about Cerdic, founder of the Anglo-Saxon kingdom of Wessex, Ambrosius Aurelianus is a Romano-British general who rose independently to military power, forming alliances with various British kings and setting out to drive the invading Saxons from Britain.

In Valerio Massimo Manfredi's The Last Legion, Aurelianus ( here called " Aurelianus Ambrosius Ventidius ") is a major character and is shown as one of the last loyal Romans, going to enormous lengths for his boy emperor Romulus Augustus, whose power has been wrested by the barbarian Odoacer.

In Rosemary Sutcliff's The Lantern Bearers Prince Ambrosius Aurelianus of Arfon drives out the Saxons by training his British army with Roman techniques and making effective use of cavalry.

In Jack Whyte's Camulod Chronicles, Ambrosius Aurelianus is the half-brother of Caius Merlyn Britannicus ( Merlin ) and helps him lead the people of Camulod ( Camelot ).

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The sequence of events of the fifth and sixth centuries is particularly difficult to access, peppered with a mixture of mythology, such as the characters of Hengist and Horsa, and legend, such as St Germanus's so-called " Alleluia Victory " against the Heathens, and half-remembered history, such as the exploits of Ambrosius Aurelianus and King Arthur.

Geoffrey combined existing stories of Myrddin Wyllt ( Merlinus Caledonensis ), a North Brythonic prophet and madman with no connection to King Arthur, with tales of the Romano-British war leader Ambrosius Aurelianus to form the composite figure he called Merlin Ambrosius ().

Léon Fleuriot has suggested Ambrosius is identical to Riothamus, a Brythonic leader who fought a major battle against the Goths in France around the year 470.

Geoffrey's composite Merlin is based primarily on Myrddin Wyllt, also called Merlinus Caledonensis, and Aurelius Ambrosius, a mostly fictionalised version of the historical war leader Ambrosius Aurelianus.

* Ambrosius Aurelianus, war leader of the Romano-British, is proclaimed king of the Britons ( according to Historia Regum Britanniae ).

Some modern scholars suggest that Gildas ' text implies that Aurelius Ambrosius was the Briton leader at Badon.

He excoriates his fellow Britons for their sins, while at the same time lauding heroes such as Aurelius Ambrosius, whom he is the first to describe as a leader of the resistance to the Saxons.

There are many theories, but it is sometimes said that Ambrosius Aurelianus, the leader of the Romano-British forces, was the model for the former, and that Arthur's court of Camelot is an idealised Welsh and Cornish memory of pre-Saxon Romano-British civilisation.

It has been suggested that the name of Amesbury is derived from Ambrosius Aurelianus, leader of Romano British resistance to Saxon invasions in the 5th century.

It was clearly a historical battle, being described by Gildas, who does not mention the name of the Britons ' leader ( he does, however, mention Aurelius Ambrosius as a great scourge of the Saxons immediately prior.

Geoffrey of Monmouth wrote about the town, claiming that it had been fortified by Ambrosius Aurelianus, king of the Britons after his victory over the Saxon forces of Hengist ( Historia Regum Britanniae viii, 7 ), that the captive Saxon leader Hengist was hacked to pieces by Eldol outside the town walls, and was buried at " Hengist's Mound " in the town.

* Lothar Ambrosius ( 1903 – 1971 ), German military leader of the Wehrmacht during World War II

* Ambrosius Aurelianus, fifth-century British leader

* Ambrosius ( Hussite ), priest, leader of Hussite peasants

Their civil leader was the priest Ambrosius, and their hetman was Hynek Krušina from Lichtenburk.

Ambrosius Aurelianus ( also sometimes referred to as Aurelius Ambrosius ) was a powerful Romano-British leader in Britain.

In this version, Merlin's father is Aurelius Ambrosius, the Roman war leader, Uther Pendragon's brother, making Merlin Arthur's cousin.

* The Battle of Guoloph sees the defeat of Vitalinus ( possibly Vortigern ) at the hands of Ambrosius Aurelianus and a combined force of Romano-British forces from across southern Britain.

* King Vortigern is burnt to death while being besieged by a Romano-British force under Ambrosius Aurelianus at Ganarew ( Herefordshire ).

In the 12th century, Geoffrey of Monmouth's list of kings of the Britons, which was partially based on the chronology found in the Historia Brittonum, placed Arthur and Uther Pendragon in sequence between Aurelius Ambrosius and a Breton ruler named Constantinus ( often erroneously identified with Constantine III ), all of them Romano-British rulers placed in the Sub-Roman period of the 5th to 6th century.

* Ambrosius Aurelianus ( 5th c .), a Romano-British military commander against the Anglo-Saxon invasion.

Days later Ambrosius invades and defeats Vortigern.

Following the destructive assault of the Saxons, the survivors gather together under the leadership of Ambrosius, who is described as ;

This story was later retold with more detail by Geoffrey of Monmouth in his fictionalized Historia Regum Britanniae, conflating the personage of Ambrosius with the Welsh tradition of Merlin the visionary, known for oracular utterances that foretold the coming victories of the native Celtic inhabitants of Britain over the Saxons and the Normans.

Mary Stewart's The Crystal Cave follows Geoffrey of Monmouth in calling him Aurelius Ambrosius and portrays him as the father of Merlin, the elder brother of Uther ( hence uncle of Arthur ), an initiate of Mithras, and generally admired by everyone except the Saxons.

The fifth-century king Aurelius Ambrosius wished to erect a memorial to 3, 000 nobles slain in battle against the Saxons and buried at Salisbury, and at Merlin's advice chose Stonehenge.

Fleuriot argued that Ambrosius led the Britons in the battle against the Goths, but then returned to Britain to continue the war against the Saxons.

After the Romans leave, Vortigern comes to power, and invites the Saxons under Hengist and Horsa to fight for him as mercenaries, but they rise against him, and Britain remains in a state of war under Aurelius Ambrosius and his brother Uther Pendragon, assisted by the wizard Merlin.

After the Romans leave, Vortigern comes to power, and invites the Saxons under Hengist and Horsa to fight for him as mercenaries, but they rise against him, and Britain remains in a state of war under Aurelius Ambrosius and his brother Uther Pendragon, assisted by the wizard Merlin.

He does discuss Ambrosius Aurelianus as a great scourge of the Saxons immediately prior.