Cardiac chamber catheterization assists in assessing the severity of regurgitation and any left ventricular dysfunction.

Cardiac syndrome X is sometimes referred to as microvascular angina when there are findings of microvascular dysfunction.

Results of a medical study known as the Cardiac Arrhythmia Suppression Trial ( CAST ) demonstrated that patients with structural heart disease ( such as a history of MI ( heart attack ), or left ventricular dysfunction ) and also patients with ventricular arrhythmias, should not take this drug.

Cardiac toxicity was characterized as left ventricular systolic dysfunction ; tachycardia may also occur.

Cardiac surgeons may further sub-specialize cardiac surgery by doing a fellowship in a variety of topics including: pediatric cardiac surgery, cardiac transplantation, adult acquired heart disease, weak heart issues and many more problems in the heart.

* Cardiac emboli: Thrombotic emboli arising from the heart may also cause luminal obstruction of the retinal, ophthalmic, and / or ciliary arteries, causing decreased blood flow to the ipsilateral retina ; examples being those arising due to ( 1 ) atrial fibrillation, ( 2 ) valvular abnormalities including post-rheumatic valvular disease, mitral valve prolapse, and a bicuspid aortic valve, and ( 3 ) atrial myxomas.

* Cardiac involvement occurs in 91 % of patients, including cardiomegaly ( up to dilated cardiomyopathy ), symmetrical hypertrophy, heart murmurs, and conduction defects.

* Cardiac, including cardiac catheterisation and complex cardiac surgery, diagnostic services and rehabilitation

She was president and honorary president of various organisations and foundations, including the Cardiac Children ’ s Foundation, the Princess Mother ’ s Charity Fund, the Autistic Foundation of Thailand.

It recently opened a $ 112 million expansion, including a new Emergency Department, ICU and Cardiac Care Unit.

In some cases, the cause of sensory ataxia may instead be dysfunction of the various parts of the brain which receive positional information, including the cerebellum, thalamus, and parietal lobes.

A number of harmful and undesired ( adverse ) effects have been observed, including lowered life expectancy, extrapyramidal effects on motor control – including akathisia ( an inability to sit still ), trembling, and muscle weakness – weight gain, decrease in brain volume ( although this is being debated, since schizophrenia, which is often treated with antipsychotics, also causes a shrinkage of brain volume ), enlarged breasts ( gynecomastia ) in men and milk discharge in men and women ( galactorrhea due to hyperprolactinaemia ), lowered white blood cell count ( agranulocytosis ), involuntary repetitive body movements ( tardive dyskinesia ), diabetes, sexual dysfunction, a return of psychosis requiring increasing the dosage due to cells producing more neurochemicals to compensate for the drugs ( tardive psychosis ), and a potential for permanent chemical dependence leading to psychosis worse than before treatment began, if the drug dosage is ever lowered or stopped ( tardive dysphrenia ).

Long-term alcohol abuse can cause a number of physical symptoms, including cirrhosis of the liver, pancreatitis, epilepsy, polyneuropathy, alcoholic dementia, heart disease, nutritional deficiencies, peptic ulcers and sexual dysfunction, and can eventually be fatal.

Adults who as children were incestuously victimized by adults often suffer from low self-esteem, difficulties in interpersonal relationships, and sexual dysfunction, and are at an extremely high risk of many mental disorders, including depression, anxiety, phobic avoidance reactions, somatoform disorder, substance abuse, borderline personality disorder, and complex post-traumatic stress disorder.

Mitochondria have been implicated in several human diseases, including mitochondrial disorders and cardiac dysfunction, and may play a role in the aging process.

A 2005 study linked long term ( over 3 months ) use of NSAIDs, including ibuprofen, with a 1. 4 times increased risk of erectile dysfunction.

Sexologists additionally study sexual dysfunctions, disorders, and variations, including such widely varying topics as erectile dysfunction, anorgasmia, and pedophilia.

Others, including Dr. Robert Spitzer and Dr. Paul J. Fink, disagree with Hill's assertions, contending that the behaviors and experiences seen in transsexualism are abnormal and constitute a dysfunction.

An emergency medical condition is defined as " a condition manifesting itself by acute symptoms of sufficient severity ( including severe pain ) such that the absence of immediate medical attention could reasonably be expected to result in placing the individual's health the health of an unborn child in serious jeopardy, serious impairment to bodily functions, or serious dysfunction of bodily organs.

Although defined as a mononeuritis ( involving only one nerve ), patients diagnosed with Bell ’ s palsy may have " myriad neurological symptoms " including " facial tingling, moderate or severe headache / neck pain, memory problems, balance problems, ipsilateral limb paresthesias, ipsilateral limb weakness, and a sense of clumsiness " that are " unexplained by facial nerve dysfunction ".

* Liver cirrhosis ( with an increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma ) Liver disease is always preceded by evidence of liver dysfunction including elevated serum enzymes specific to the liver, clubbing of the fingers, leuconychia, asterixis, hepatomegaly, palmar erythema and spider naevi.

However, differences between the disorder and OCD have been noted, including: differing peak ages at onset, rates of comorbidity, gender differences, and neural dysfunction and cognitive profile.

Several important drugs including Viagra, Pfizer's treatment for erectile dysfunction and Maraviroc, a drug used for treatment of HIV, were discovered here.

Constipation has a number of structural ( mechanical, morphological, anatomical ) causes, including: spinal cord lesions, Parkinsons, colon cancer, anal fissures, proctitis, and pelvic floor dysfunction.

However, general anaesthesia is not without risks, including post-anaesthetic myopathy ( muscle damage ) and neuropathy ( nerve damage ), respiratory dysfunction ( V / Q mismatch ), and cardiac depression.

On the other hand, HSP is classified as complex or complicated when associated with other neurological signs, including ataxia, mental retardation, dementia, extrapyramidal signs, visual dysfunction or epilepsy, or with extraneurological signs.

* Combinations – including distress, dysfunction, distorted psychological processes, inappropriate responses in given situations and causing / risking harm to oneself.

These events lead to signs and symptoms of toxemia including hypertension, renal, pulmonary, and hepatic dysfunction, and-in eclampsia, specifically-cerebral dysfunction.

In some cases there may be an asymptomatic phase following the initial symptoms which is then followed by more significant toxicity including kidney damage, liver damage, and neurological dysfunction including seizures and coma.

Sexual dysfunction or sexual malfunction ( see also sexual function ) refers to a difficulty experienced by an individual or a couple during any stage of a normal sexual activity, including desire, arousal or orgasm.

Sexual dysfunction may arise from emotional factors, including interpersonal or psychological problems.

Non-surgical approaches result in 10 – 50 % complication rates including erectile dysfunction, permanent penile curvature, damage to the urethra and pain during sexual intercourse.

A major risk factor for developing otitis media is Eustachian tube dysfunction, which leads to the ineffective clearing of bacteria from the middle ear.

Pathophyisiology / progression of acute otitis media: the tissues surrounding the Eustachian tube swell due to an upper respiratory infection, allergies, or dysfunction of the tubes.

The show insinuated that the motivation for this institutional dysfunction was the business pressures of modern media, and working for a flagship newspaper in a major media market like The New York Times or The Washington Post was portrayed as being the only way to avoid the cutbacks occurring at The Sun.

Along with Robert K. Merton, he popularized the idea of a narcotizing dysfunction of media, along with its functional roles in society.

The third function, and perhaps best known, is the ‘ narcotizing dysfunction ’, in which energies of individuals in society are systematically routed away from organized action — because of the time and attention needed to simply keep up with reading or listening to mass media: ‘ Exposure to this flood of information may serve to narcotize rather than to energize the average reader or listener ’.

They fall into a stupor, or apathetic hypnosis, that Lazarsfeld called the ‘ narcotizing dysfunction ’ of exposure to mass media.

Cohen and Tibbles said that Merrick showed the following signs of Proteus syndrome: " macrocephaly ; hyperostosis of the skull ; hypertrophy of long bones ; and thickened skin and subcutaneous tissues, particularly of the hands and feet, including plantar hyperplasia, lipomas, and other unspecified subcutaneous masses.

New growth develops from living tissues remaining on or under the ground, including roots, a caudex ( a thickened portion of the stem at ground level ) or various types of underground stems, such as bulbs, corms, stolons, rhizomes and tubers.

The urns contained, in addition to burned bones, bronze ornaments, which had some fire damage, including, bangles, hair pins with conical head and slightly thickened neck, rings and knives.

Condensed milk is used in numerous dessert dishes in many countries, including the United States, Germany, Argentina, Brazil, Venezuela, Hong Kong, Lebanon, Russia, where it is known as " сгущёнка " ( sguschyonka, literally " which is thickened ").

Physical symptoms generally include coarse or rough facial features ( including a flat nasal bridge, thick lips, and enlarged mouth and tongue ), short stature with disproportionately short trunk ( dwarfism ), dysplasia ( abnormal bone size and / or shape ) and other skeletal irregularities, thickened skin, enlarged organs such as liver ( hepatomegaly ) or spleen ( splenomegaly ), hernias, and excessive body hair growth.

Any type of water can be used, including salt water and it can even run on puddle water providing it isn't thickened with mud or any other sediment.