Uzbek is a language which can be considered the direct descendant or a latter form of Chagatay, the language of great Turkic Central Asian literary development in the realm of Chagatai Khan, Timur ( Tamerlane ), and the Timurids.

The Chagatai language ( جغتای Jağatāy ; Uzbek: چەغەتاي Chag ' atoy ; Mongolian: ᠲᠰᠠᠭᠠᠳᠠᠢ Chagadai ; Uyghur: چاغاتاي Chāghātāy ; Turkish: Çağatayca ) is an extinct Turkic language which was once widely spoken in Central Asia, and remained the shared literary language there until the early twentieth century.

Soviet scholarship termed the Chagatai language " Old Uzbek.

" Ali-Shir Nava ' i was the greatest representative of Chagatai language literature.

Many of the Chagatai Turks and Tatars who were the speakers of this language claimed descent from Chagatai Khan.

Chagatai belongs to the Uyghur branch of the Turkic language family.

One is the preservation of the classical Chagatai language of Navoi, the other trend is the increasing influence of the dialects of the local spoken languages.

The Chagatai Turkic language lived its heyday in the Timurid Empire.

Chagatai remained the universal literary language of Central Asia until the Soviet reforms of the early twentieth century.

Uzbek and modern Uyghur are the two modern languages most closely related to Chagatai, and Uzbeks regard Chagatai as the origin of their own language and claim Chagatai literature as their own.

In Uzbekistan, then a part of the Soviet Union, Chagatai was replaced by a literary language based on the local Uzbek dialect in 1921.

The so-called Berendei, a 12th century medieval nomadic Turkic people possibly related to the Cumans, seem also to have spoken a language which ultimately was identified as Chagatai.

Up to and including the eighteenth century Chagatai was the main literary language in Turkmenistan as elsewhere in Central Asia, and had some influence on Turkmen, but in fundamentals the two languages belong to different branches of the Turkic family.

His fame is attested by the fact that Chagatai is sometimes called " Nava ' i's language ".

Important works continued to be written in the Chagatai language into the early twentieth century.

In order to be accepted by other khanates as the sovereign of Mongol world, Tugh Temur, who had a good knowledge of Chinese language and history and was also a creditable poet, calligrapher, and painter, sent Genghisid princes and descendants of other notable Mongol generals to the Chagatai Khanate, Ilkhan Abu Said and Ozbeg.

Due to extensive contacts with the native population of Central Asia, the tribe had not only adopted the religion of Islam, but also the Chagatai language, a Turkic language of the Qarluq branch, which was heavily influenced by Arabic and Persian.

Although Batu stated he was suffering from old age and illness and politely refused the invitation, it seems that he did not support the election of Guyuk Khan because Güyük and Büri, grandson of Chagatai Khan, had quarreled violently with Batu at a victory banquet during the Mongol occupation of Eastern Europe.

He defeated the Mamluk army at the Battle of Wadi al-Khazandar in 1299, but was only briefly able to occupy Syria, due to distracting raids from the Chagatai Khanate, under its de facto ruler Kaidu, who was at war with both the Ilkhans and the Yuan Dynasty.

Kokand (; ; ; Chagatai: خوقند ; ) is a city in Fergana Province in eastern Uzbekistan, at the southwestern edge of the Fergana Valley.

The eastern half remained under Chagatai khans who were, at times, allied or at war with Timur's successors.

The Mughals were also from Persianized Central Asia, but spoke Chagatai Turkic as their first language at the beginning, before eventually adopting Persian.

The region that would become the Khanate of Khiva was a part of the Chagatai Khanate with its capital at Old Urgench, one of the largest and most important trading centers in Central Asia.

Of the longer pieces of the volume none is so memorable as `` Nameless And Immortal '', which at once took rank among the finest poems ever written in the Swedish language.

This second conclusion, independently arrived at by independent study of material from two pairs of language families as different and remote from one another as these four are, cannot be ignored.

aside from her specifically regional accent, she reveals by the use of the triad, `` irritable, tense, depressed '', a certain pedantic itemization that indicates she has some familiarity with literary or scientific language ( i.e., she must have had at least a high-school education ), and she is telling a story she has mentally rehearsed some time before.

A `` mental image '' subconsciously impressing us from beneath its language symbols in wakeful thought, or consciously in light sleep, is actually not an image at all but is comprised of realities, viewed not in the concurrent sensory stream, but within the depths of the fourth dimension.

He arraigned the citizens in language of so little courtesy that they had to respond with, at the least, resentment.

A veteran diplomat with an extraordinary knowledge of Russian language, history and literature, Kennan recalls how, at the time of Hitler's attack on the Soviet Union in 1941, he penned a private note to a State Department official, expressing the hope that `` never would we associate ourselves with Russian purposes in the areas of eastern Europe beyond her own boundaries ''.

One is not sure who emerges as the main personality of this book -- Mijbil, with his rollicking ways, or Maxwell himself, poet, portrait painter, writer, journalist, traveller and zoologist, sensitive but never sentimental recorder of an unusual way of life, in a language at once lyrical and forceful, vivid and unabashed.

Four little Japanese waitresses were murdering the English language at the counter -- Yuki Kobayashi happened to be one of them.

Estimates of the date at which the Proto-Afroasiatic language was spoken vary widely.

He learned the Polish language at home and the Russian language in schools ; and having a French governess and a German governess, he became fluent in these four languages as a child.

Supporters of Altaic formerly set the date of the Proto-Altaic language at around 4000 BC, but today at around 5000 BC ( Starotsin et al.

The word used in the Arabic language for allegiance is bay ' at ( Arabic: بيعة ), which means " taking hand ".

Linguistics began with the analysis of Sanskrit and Tamil ; today it looks at individual languages and language in general.

It also takes the applied approach, looking at individual language development and clinical issues.

Babies using sign language showed a three-month developmental advancement at 24-months, speaking like 27-month olds.

However, there is an interesting contrast between the belief that exposure of signs to a hearing infant will aid them in language development, whereas a deaf infant at times must show the inability to learn an oral language before they are taught sign language.

He describes it in his novel, Les Misérables, as the language of the dark ; at one point, he says, " What is argot ; properly speaking?

Today, it is estimated that fewer than 100 speakers of the language remain, while other research places the number at fewer than 15 speakers – the language has been regarded as “ endangered ”.

Restaurants ( along with Chinese laundries ) provided an ethnic niche for small businesses at a time when the Chinese people were excluded from most jobs in the wage economy by ethnic discrimination or lack of language fluency.

Speakers of the Akkadian language seem to have already been present in Mesopotamia at the dawn of the historical period, and soon achieved preeminence with the first Dynasty of Kish and numerous localities to the north of Sumer, where rulers with Akkadian names had already established themselves by the 3rd millennium BC.