The Arrhenius definition of acid – base reactions is a development of the hydrogen theory of acids, devised by Svante Arrhenius, which was used to provide a modern definition of acids and bases that followed from his work with Friedrich Wilhelm Ostwald in establishing the presence of ions in aqueous solution in 1884, and led to Arrhenius receiving the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1903 for " recognition of the extraordinary services ... rendered to the advancement of chemistry by his electrolytic theory of dissociation ".

* Chemistry ( 1730 ) – the art of resolving mixed, compound, or aggregate bodies into their principles ; and of composing such bodies from those principles ( Stahl ).

* Chemistry ( 1837 ) – the science concerned with the laws and effects of molecular forces ( Dumas ).

* Chemistry ( 1947 ) – the science of substances: their structure, their properties, and the reactions that change them into other substances ( Pauling ).

* Chemistry ( 1998 ) – the study of matter and the changes it undergoes ( Chang ).

Chemistry came of age when Antoine Lavoisier ( 1743 – 1794 ) developed the theory of Conservation of mass in 1783 ; and the development of the Atomic Theory by John Dalton around 1800.

Antoine Lavoisier ( 1743 – 94 ) is considered the " People known as the father or mother of something | Father of Modern Chemistry ".

The books that were influential in the early development of computational quantum chemistry include Linus Pauling and E. Bright Wilson's 1935 Introduction to Quantum Mechanics – with Applications to Chemistry, Eyring, Walter and Kimball's 1944 Quantum Chemistry, Heitler's 1945 Elementary Wave Mechanics – with Applications to Quantum Chemistry, and later Coulson's 1952 textbook Valence, each of which served as primary references for chemists in the decades to follow.

Chemistry – science of atomic matter ( matter that is composed of chemical elements ), especially its chemical reactions, but also including its properties, structure, composition, behavior, and changes as they relate the chemical reactions.

* 3D Chem – Chemistry, Structures, and 3D Molecules

* The Chemistry of the Radioactive Elements ( 1912 – 1914 )

While at General Electric, from 1909 – 1950, Langmuir advanced several basic fields of physics and chemistry, invented the gas-filled incandescent lamp, the hydrogen welding technique, and was awarded the 1932 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his work in surface chemistry.

* 1934 – Marie Curie, French-Polish physicist and chemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry and Nobel Prize in Physics ( b. 1867 )

* Supercool microfluidics-Our understanding of life and technology at extreme temperatures could become clearer thanks to a microfluidic device that studies ice formation – reported in Chemical Technology from the Royal Society of Chemistry

* 1927 – Manfred Eigen, German biophysicist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry

* Molecule of the Month – School of Chemistry, University of Bristol

* 1887 – James B. Sumner, American chemist, Nobel Prize in Chemistry laureate ( d. 1955 )

( Joachim Schummer, The Autonomy of Chemistry, Würzburg, Königshausen & Neumann, 1998, pp. 135 – 148 )

Richard Errett Smalley ( June 6, 1943 – October 28, 2005 ) was the Gene and Norman Hackerman Professor of Chemistry and a Professor of Physics and Astronomy at Rice University, in Houston, Texas.

Sir William Crookes, OM, FRS ( 17 June 1832 – 4 April 1919 ) was a British chemist and physicist who attended the Royal College of Chemistry, London, and worked on spectroscopy.

Sir Harold ( Harry ) Walter Kroto, FRS ( born 7 October 1939 as Harold Walter Krotoschiner ), is a British chemist and one of the three recipients to share the 1996 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Robert Curl and Richard Smalley.

In 1996, along with Robert Curl, also a professor of chemistry at Rice, and Harold Kroto, a professor at the University of Sussex, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for the discovery of a new form of carbon, buckminsterfullerene (" buckyballs "), and was a leading advocate of nanotechnology and its many applications, including its use in creating strong but lightweight materials as well as its potential to fight cancer.

He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1996 for the discovery of fullerene ( with Richard Smalley, also of Rice University, and Harold Kroto of the University of Sussex ).

* Chemistry – Derek Harold Richard Barton, Odd Hassel

* Chemistry – Robert Curl, Sir Harold Kroto, Richard Smalley

* Harold C. Urey ( 1893 – 1981 ), winner of the 1934 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for the discovery of deuterium, was born in Walkerton.

He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1996 for the discovery of fullerene ( with the late Richard Smalley, also of Rice University, and Harold Kroto of the University of Sussex ).

Hydrogen's Deuterium isotope had only recently been discovered at Columbia in 1931 by Harold Urey, who received the 1934 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for this work.

** Chemistry: Harold Clayton Urey

* Harold C. Urey ( Ph. D. 1923 Chemistry )-Nobel laureate ( 1934 )

** Chemistry: Robert Curl, Sir Harold Kroto, Richard Smalley

Harold Clayton Urey ForMemRS ( April 29, 1893 – January 5, 1981 ) was an American physical chemist whose pioneering work on isotopes earned him the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1934.

* January 5 – Harold Urey ( b. 1893 ), American winner of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry.

* Harold Urey, physical chemist, won Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1934 for work on isotopes ; Harold C. Urey Lecture Hall at the University is named in his honor.

In 1933, he moved to Columbia University to join the department of Biological Chemistry and worked with David Rittenberg, from the radiochemistry laboratory of Harold C. Urey, later together with Konrad Bloch, using stable isotopes to tag foodstuffs and trace their metabolism within living things.

When Maurice Stacey, the Professor of Chemistry at Birmingham, was asked by Harold Burn to recommend a student to go to Oxford and study pharmacology, Vane jumped at the chance and moved to Burn's department in 1946.

* Harold W. Kroto ( Chemistry, 1996 )

The original eight members of the NDRC were: Vannevar Bush, President of the Carnegie Institution ( Chairman ); Rear Admiral Harold G. Bowen ; Conway P. Coe, Commissioner of Patents ; Karl Compton, President of MIT ; James B. Conant, President of Harvard University ; Frank B. Jewett, President of the National Academy of Sciences and President of Bell Telephone Laboratories ; Brigadier General George V. Strong ; and Richard C. Tolman, Professor of Physical Chemistry and Mathematical Physics at California Institute of Technology.

* Harold Kroto, winner of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 1996

( 1864 – 1941 ) from 1885 until 1894, when he left to join the Clayton Aniline Company in Manchester and ultimately, when the British chemical industry failed his talents, to the chair of Colour Chemistry at Leeds University.

Urey won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1934 for this work.

* April 29-Harold Urey ( died 1981 ), American winner of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry.

Urey was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1934 for this work.