* Conjugation ( acid-base theory ), a system describing a conjugate acid-base pair

* Conjugation ( group theory ), the image of an element under the conjugation homomorphisms

In 1981 the Normes Ortográfiques y Conxugación de Verbos ( Orthographic Norms and Verb Conjugation ), the first academic work, was published.

Conjugation renders the bilirubin water-soluble, after which it is excreted in bile into the duodenum.

* Conjugation, especially with aromatic groups, increases the rate of reaction by stabilization of the transition state.

* Affinity ( pharmacology ), in biochemistry, protein-ligand binding

Other areas of biochemistry include the genetic code ( DNA, RNA ), protein synthesis, cell membrane transport and signal transduction.

The dawn of biochemistry may have been the discovery of the first enzyme, diastase ( today called amylase ), in 1833 by Anselme Payen.

Chemical engineering is the branch of engineering that deals with physical science ( e. g., chemistry and physics ), and life sciences ( e. g., biology, microbiology and biochemistry ) with mathematics and economics, to the process of converting raw materials or chemicals into more useful or valuable forms.

It is widely used in analytical chemistry ; though the high temperatures used in GC make it unsuitable for high molecular weight biopolymers or proteins ( heat denatures them ), frequently encountered in biochemistry, it is well suited for use in the petrochemical, environmental monitoring and remediation, and industrial chemical fields.

* Dose ( biochemistry ), the quantity of something that may be eaten by or administered to an organism, or that an organism may be exposed to

* Standard enthalpy of Denaturation ( biochemistry ), defined as the enthalpy change required to denature one mole of compound.

In chemistry, especially biochemistry, a fatty acid is a carboxylic acid with a long aliphatic tail ( chain ), which is either saturated or unsaturated.

* Fermentation ( biochemistry ), a metabolic process whereby electrons released from nutrients are ultimately transferred to molecules obtained from the breakdown of those same nutrients

For some common chemicals ( mainly in biochemistry ), " keto " or " oxo " is the term used to describe the ketone functional group.

Many of the laboratory techniques of biochemistry and molecular biology that involve DNA polymerase, such as DNA sequencing and the polymerase chain reaction ( PCR ), require DNA primers.

* Receptor ( biochemistry ), in biochemistry, a protein molecule that receives and responds to a neurotransmitter, or other substance

* Loop ( biochemistry ), a flexible region in a protein's secondary structure

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ( ELISA ), is a popular format of a " wet-lab " type analytic biochemistry assay that uses one sub-type of heterogeneous, solid-phase enzyme immunoassay ( EIA ) to detect the presence of a substance, usually an antigen, in a liquid sample or wet sample.

As a " wet lab " analytic biochemistry assay, ELISA involves detection of an " analyte " ( i. e. the specific substance whose presence is being quantitatively or qualitatively analyzed ) in a liquid sample by a method that continues to use liquid reagents during the " analysis " ( i. e. controlled sequence of biochemical reactions that will generate a signal which can be easily quantified and interpreted as a measure of the amount of analyte in the sample ) that stays liquid and remains inside a reaction chamber or well needed to keep the reactants contained ; It is opposed to " dry lab " that can use dry strips-and even if the sample is liquid ( e. g. a measured small drop ), the final detection step in " dry " analysis involves reading of a dried strip by methods such as reflectometry and does not need a reaction containment chamber to prevent spillover or mixing between samples.

In biochemistry, the term is applied to the four conventional biopolymers ( nucleic acids, proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids ), as well as non-polymeric molecules with large molecular mass such as macrocycles.

High-performance liquid chromatography ( sometimes referred to as high-pressure liquid chromatography ), HPLC, is a chromatographic technique used to separate a mixture of compounds in analytical chemistry and biochemistry with the purpose of identifying, quantifying and purifying the individual components of the mixture.

* Directionality ( molecular biology ), 3 ′ ( 3 prime ) and 5 ′ ( 5 prime ) ends in biochemistry

Pharmacists are educated in pharmacology, pharmacognosy, chemistry, organic chemistry, biochemistry, pharmaceutical chemistry, microbiology, pharmacy practice ( including drug interactions, medicine monitoring, medication management ), pharmaceutics, pharmacy law, physiology, anatomy, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, drug delivery, pharmaceutical care, nephrology, hepatology, and compounding of medications.

Liver function tests ( LFTs or LFs ), are groups of clinical biochemistry laboratory blood assays designed to give information about the state of a patient's liver.

* Substrate ( biochemistry ), a molecule that is acted upon by an enzyme

* Ham, Arthur W. and William R. Harris ( 1972 ), " Repair and transplantation of bone ", The biochemistry and physiology of bone, New York: Academic Press, p. 337-399

* Cofactor ( biochemistry ), a substance that needs to be present in addition to an enzyme for a certain reaction to be catalysed

At the beginning of 1948, Leloir and his team identified the sugar nucleotides that were fundamental to the metabolism of carbohydrates, turning the Instituo Campomar into a biochemistry institution well-known throughout the world.

After turning 70 he began to study the biochemistry of old age, proposing a theory of metabolic imbalance, forming the basis of geriatric biochemistry in China.

Molecules as components of matter are common in organic substances ( and therefore biochemistry ).

He also reported that differences in anatomy and biochemistry between the rabbit and human eye indicate that testing substances on rabbits might not predict the effects on humans.

Since 1964, the Heinrich Wieland Prize has been awarded annually to promote research on chemistry, biochemistry, physiology and clinical medicine of lipids and related substances.

In chemistry, biochemistry, and pharmacology, a dissociation constant is a specific type of equilibrium constant that measures the propensity of a larger object to separate ( dissociate ) reversibly into smaller components, as when a complex falls apart into its component molecules, or when a salt splits up into its component ions.

The improvements made by Mullis allowed PCR to become a central technique in biochemistry and molecular biology, described by The New York Times as " highly original and significant, virtually dividing biology into the two epochs of before P. C. R.

:* Biomaterials, physiology, biomechanics, biochemistry, for a specialized understanding of how materials integrate into biological systems, e. g., through materiomics

In the fields of molecular biology and biochemistry, a reverse transcriptase, also known as RNA-dependent DNA polymerase, is a DNA polymerase enzyme that transcribes single-stranded RNA into single-stranded DNA.

The biochemistry section also expanded to facilitate research into secondary compounds that could be derived from plants for medicinal purposes.

Funk also conducted research into hormones, diabetes, ulcers, and the biochemistry of cancer.

Agricultural chemistry – study of both chemistry and biochemistry which are important in agricultural production, the processing of raw products into foods and beverages, and in environmental monitoring and remediation.

Kamen taught the faculty how to use radioactive tracer materials in research, and his own interests gradually shifted into biochemistry.

The history of molecular evolution starts in the early 20th century with " comparative biochemistry ", but the field of molecular evolution came into its own in the 1960s and 1970s, following the rise of molecular biology.

Paper engineering is a branch of engineering that deals with the usage of physical science ( e. g. chemistry and physics ) and life sciences ( e. g. biology and biochemistry ) in conjunction with mathematics as applied to the converting of renewable raw materials into useful and valuable products.

The model's focus on the physical processes, such as the pathology, the biochemistry and the physiology of a disease, does not take into account the role of social factors or individual subjectivity.

Whether even-chain fatty acids can be converted into glucose in animals has been a longstanding question in biochemistry.

All formed in suburban Los Angeles in 1987 when Milo Aukerman, the lead singer of The Descendents, left to pursue a graduate degree in biochemistry, forcing the band into a hiatus.

In biochemistry, chemosynthesis is the biological conversion of one or more carbon molecules ( usually carbon dioxide or methane ) and nutrients into organic matter using the oxidation of inorganic molecules ( e. g. hydrogen gas, hydrogen sulfide ) or methane as a source of energy, rather than sunlight, as in photosynthesis.

His lab has since mid 1970s studied the biochemistry of the membrane protein bacteriorhodopsin responsible for converting photon energy into proton gradient energy and most recently studying the structural related visual pigment rhodopsin.

Curricula are usually divided into preclinical sciences, where students study subjects such as biochemistry, genetics, pharmacology, anatomy and physiology, among others, and clinical rotations, which usually include internal medicine, general surgery, pediatrics, psychiatry, and obstetrics and gynecology, among others.

* Annals of the Entomological Society of America – Articles report on basic aspects of the biology of arthropods, divided into categories by subject matter: systematics ; ecology and population biology ; arthropod biology ; arthropods in relation to plant diseases ; conservation biology and biodiversity ; physiology, biochemistry, and toxicology ; morphology, histology, and fine structure ; genetics ; and behavior.

Examples of aldol reactions in biochemistry include the splitting of fructose-1, 6-bisphosphate into dihydroxyacetone and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate in the second stage of glycolysis, which is an example of a reverse (" retro ") aldol reaction catalyzed by the enzyme aldolase A ( also known as fructose-1, 6-bisphosphate aldolase ).

In biochemistry, cholinesterase is a family of enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine into choline and acetic acid, a reaction necessary to allow a cholinergic neuron to return to its resting state after activation.

The tying together of the various trees into a grand Tree of Life only really became possible with advancements in microbiology and biochemistry in the Interwar period.