Counterfeit money is currency that is produced without the legal sanction of the state or government and in deliberate violation of the laws thereof ; the United States Secret Service, better known as the official bodyguard detail for the President and / or the Vice President of the United States, their families, and / or other officials / dignitaries and / or their families, was initially organized primarily to combat the counterfeiting of American money ; counterfeit government bonds are public debt instruments that are produced without legal sanction, with the intention of " cashing them in " for authentic currency or using them as collateral to secure legitimate loans or lines of credit.

Counterfeit banknote detection pens are used to detect counterfeit Swiss franc, euro and United States banknotes amongst others.

On Tuesday, February 14, 2012 Roche and its U. S. biotech unit Genentech announced that Counterfeit Avastin had been distributed in the United States.

# REDIRECT Counterfeit United States currency

# REDIRECT Counterfeit United States currency

# REDIRECT Counterfeit United States currency

# REDIRECT Counterfeit United States currency

# REDIRECT Counterfeit United States currency

* Evasion tokens: 18 Century Counterfeit were made to look like ' kind of ' but not exactly like actual currency ( http :// www. thecoppercorner. com / history / evasions_hist. html )

Counterfeit money is imitation currency produced without the legal sanction of the state or government.

In every war of the United States since the Civil War the South was more belligerent than the rest of the country.

Thus, to cite but one example, the Pax Britannica of the nineteenth century, whether with the British navy ruling the seas or with the City of London ruling world finance, was strictly national in motivation, however much other nations ( e.g., the United States ) may have incidentally benefited.

National responsibility for individual welfare is a concept not limited to the United States or even to the Western nations.

( Since the time-span of the nation-state coincides roughly with the separate existence of the United States as an independent entity, it is perhaps natural for Americans to think of the nation as representative of the highest form of order, something permanent and unchanging.

In recent weeks, as a result of a sweeping defense policy reappraisal by the Kennedy Administration, basic United States strategy has been modified -- and large new sums allocated -- to meet the accidental-war danger and to reduce it as quickly as possible.

Its radar screens would register Soviet missiles shortly after they are launched against the United States.

In 1938, at the insistence of Arturo Toscanini, Steinberg left Germany for the United States, by way of Switzerland.

After he had spent the first three years in New York as associate conductor, at Toscanini's invitation, of the NBC Orchestra, he made numerous guest appearances throughout the United States and Latin America.

`` Then I return to the United States for engagements at the Hollywood Bowl and in Philadelphia '', he added.

The difference came down to this: The Southern States insisted that the United States was, in last analysis, what its name implied -- a Union of States.

`` we the People of the United States, in order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common Defence, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America ''.

The 140,414 Americans who gave `` the last full measure of devotion '' to prevent disunion, preserved individual freedom in the United States from the dangers of anarchy, inherent in confederations, which throughout history have proved fatal in the end to all associations composed primarily of sovereign states, and to the liberties of their people.

There one finds concentrated in a comparatively small area the chief universities, colleges, and preparatory schools of the United States.

The rise of the giant corporations in Western Europe and the United States dates from the period 1880-1900.

He says: `` beside the Protestant philosophy of Progress, as expressed in radical or conservative millenarianism, should be placed the doctrine of the democratic faith which affirmed it to be the duty of the destiny of the United States to assist in the creation of a better world by keeping lighted the beacon of democracy ''.

During the next five years liberal leaders in the United States sank in the cumulative confusion attendant upon and manifested in a negative policy of Containment -- and the bitterest irony -- enforced and enforceable only by threat of a weapon that we felt the greatest distaste for but could not abandon: the atom bomb.

And here again we hear the same refrain mentioned above: `` the paramount goal of the United States set long ago was to guard the rights of the individual, ensure his development, enlarge his opportunity ''.

`` I arrived in the United States with the idea of establishing myself there more or less permanently and finding inspiration for new compositions ''.

This is the good kind of sophistication, and with all our problems and crises this kind of sophistication has flowered in the United States during recent years.

but Wright stayed in the United States.

In the event that agreement is not reached on the use of the rupees for grant or loan purposes within six years from the date of this Agreement, the Government of the United States of America may use the local currency for any purposes authorized by Section 104 of the Act.

It is agreed that any goods delivered or services rendered after the date of this agreement for projects within categories A, B, and C under paragraph 2 above which may later be approved by the United States will be eligible for financing from currency granted or loaned to the Government of India.

Local currency will be advanced or reimbursed to the Government of India for financing agreed projects under paragraphs 1 ( B ) and 1 ( C ) of Article 2, of the Agreement upon the presentation of such documentation as the United States may specify.

* 1864 – The U. S. Congress passes the Coinage Act of 1864 that mandates that the inscription In God We Trust be placed on all coins minted as United States currency.

The official currency of the British Virgin Islands has been the US dollar since 1959, a currency also used by the United States Virgin Islands.

He was the leader of the British delegation to the United Nations Monetary and Financial Conference in 1944 that established the Bretton Woods system of international currency management.

Although all administrative links with Jamaica were broken in 1962, the Cayman Islands and Jamaica continue to share many links and experiences, including membership in the Commonwealth of Nations ( and Commonwealth citizenship ) and a common united church ( the United Church in Jamaica and the Cayman Islands ) and Anglican diocese ( although there is debate about this ) as well as a common currency ( until 1972 ).

In major modern economies such as those of the United States or the Euro Zone, most money is electronic, but the " currency " of these polities may, depending on context, include all money or just specie ( i. e., various physical representations of money ).

Governments at this point could use currency as an instrument of policy, printing paper currency such as the United States Greenback, to pay for military expenditures.

A banknote ( more commonly known as a bill in the United States and Canada ) is a type of currency, and commonly used as legal tender in many jurisdictions.

United States currency, for instance is globally referred to as USD.

For example, Panama and El Salvador have declared U. S. currency to be legal tender, and from 1791 – 1857, Spanish silver coins were legal tender in the United States.

* Khaleeji ( currency ): Gulf Cooperation Council ( Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates )

* 1815 – the U. S. Senate created a select committee on finance and a uniform national currency, predecessor of the United States Senate Committee on Finance.

Pre-decimalisation, the United Kingdom and Republic of Ireland used a mixed duodecimal-vigesimal currency system ( 12 pence = 1 shilling, 20 shillings or 240 pence to the pound sterling or Irish pound ), and Charlemagne established a monetary system that also had a mixed base of twelve and twenty, the remnants of which persist in many places.

It is also unusual in that an entity outside of the central bank, namely the United States Department of the Treasury, creates the currency used.

Other purposes are stated in the Federal Reserve Act, such as " to furnish an elastic currency, to afford means of rediscounting commercial paper, to establish a more effective supervision of banking in the United States, and for other purposes ".

Banking institutions in the United States are required to hold reserves --- amounts of currency and deposits in other banks -- equal to only a fraction of the amount of the banks ' deposit liabilities owed to customers.

The most notable exception to the currency union was the United Kingdom, which also did not participate in the Schengen Agreement.

The currency reforms were simultaneous with the $ 1. 4 billion in Marshall Plan money coming in from the United States, which was used primarily for investment.

The Ithaca HOUR is a local currency used in Ithaca, New York and is the oldest and largest local currency system in the United States that is still operating.

The country uses the United States dollar as its currency.