Historian Anne F. Thurston wrote that it " led to loss of culture, and of spiritual values ; loss of hope and ideals ; loss of time, truth and of life ..." Barnouin and Yu summarized the Cultural Revolution as " a political movement that produced unprecedented social divisions, mass mobilization, hysteria, upheavals, arbitrary cruelty, torture, killings, and even civil war ...", calling Mao " one of the most tyrannical despots of the twentieth century.

Cultural issues, especially prohibition and foreign language schools, were hard-fought political issues because of the deep religious divisions in the electorate.

Its academic departments are divided into divisions for Humanities, Arts, and Cultural Studies ; Mathematics and Physical Sciences ; and Social Sciences.

Law enforcement in Bhutan is the collective purview of several divisions of Bhutan's Ministry of Home and Cultural Affairs.

Cultural and political influences from many parts of Asia, carried by successive waves of immigration, expansion, and cultural assimilation, are part of the modern culture of China.

The Taiping Rebellion, May Fourth Movement and Cultural Revolution are some upsurges of those waves in China.

Cultural imperialism is a term that is only used in discussions where cultural relativism and constructivism are generally taken as true.

Cultural activities are fairly diverse throughout the region, with the music, dance, theatre, and literary art forms tending to follow the particular cultural heritage of specific locales.

Cultural conventions exist, clinicians who are Members or Fellows of the Royal College of Surgeons are an exception.

Examples are the Taipei Economic and Cultural Representative Offices that represent the government of the Republic of China, Somaliland's Representative Offices in London, Addis Ababa, Rome, and Washington, D. C. and the Hong Kong Economic and Trade Offices that represent the government of that territory.

Many theoretical perspectives attempt to explain development ; among the most prominent are: Jean Piaget's Stage Theory, Lev Vygotsky's Social constructivism ( and its heirs, the Cultural Theory of Development of Michael Cole, and the Ecological Systems Theory of Urie Bronfenbrenner ), Albert Bandura's Social learning theory, and the information processing framework employed by cognitive psychology.

The Cultural Theory of Risk distinguishes between hierarchists, who are positive towards both rules and groups, and egalitarianists, who are positive towards groups but negative towards rules.

Cultural factors are also relevant, as local populations tend to be homogeneous.

Economic, social and cultural rights are enshrined in articles 22 to 28 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights ( UDHR ) and in the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights ( ICESCR ).

Cultural influences from all points of the compass are visible in the Finnish archeological finds from the very first settlements onwards.

Thus the songs of Uttarakhand are a true reflection of the Cultural Heritage and the way people live their lives in the Himalayas.

Other sources of income are the framework contracts from UNESCO ( United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization ) and grants and contracts from United Nations bodies, foundations and agencies, which are used to support the scientific activities of the ICSU Unions and interdisciplinary bodies.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, and the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights are sometimes referred to as the international bill of rights.

The secretariat of the UNESCO Convention on the Protection of the Underwater Cultural Heritage are currently working with the Government of Egypt on an initiative to add the bay of Alexandria ( to include remains of the lighthouse ) on a World Heritage List of submerged cultural sites.

: Cultural Mormons are individuals who do not believe some ( or many ) of the doctrines of LDS Church, but who self-identify as Mormon.

Nationwide political campaigns led by Mao, such as the Great Leap Forward and the Cultural Revolution, are often considered catastrophic failures ; and his rule is believed to have caused the deaths of 40 to 70 million people.

Cultural influences left from Spanish colonization of the South and Southwest remain not only in the names of places but also in some ingredients in cooking, provided they grow in these regions ; these influences are strongly reinforced today by their proximity to northern Mexican states like Sonora, Baja California, and Chihuahua.

Cultural barriers can also keep a person from telling someone they are in pain.

There are criticisms that the development does not sit easily with or connect with its surroundings, and as a result Berliners have had difficulty accepting it as theirs ( despite the fact that the choice of Hilmer & Sattler's masterplan was partly because it was the only one to address the way the development juxtaposed with the Cultural Forum immediately to the west, although the Cultural Forum has itself faced similar criticisms of its own ).

Cultural Linguistics draws on, but is not limited to, the theoretical notions and analytical tools of cognitive linguistics and cognitive anthropology.

The Getty Conservation Institute and ICCROM ( International Centre for the Study of the Preservation and Restoration of Cultural Property ) took part in this programme and helped develop training tools for MEP.

A wax sculpture of Chuon Nath, the conservator of the modern Khmer language, at the Cambodian Cultural Village

Cultural ( or social ) anthropology has traditionally looked at community through the lens of ethnographic fieldwork and ethnography continues to be an important methodology for study of modern communities.

In the modern era Confucian movements, such as New Confucianism, still exist but during the Cultural Revolution, Confucianism was frequently attacked by leading figures in the Communist Party of China.

Cultural and national homogenization figured prominently in the rise of the modern state system.

It is here that the modern canal stops and that a Grand Canal Cultural Park has been built.

In the 1970s, after the Cultural Revolution, the university was changed to a modern, comprehensive-style university.

Eugene D. Genovese, in his work The Southern Front: History and Politics in the Cultural War, states that the decadence within American society is not only the consequence of modern liberalism but its actual agenda, and that the cultural elites who control American campuses mean to destroy Western civilization ( p. 132 ).

Cultural Heritage is required in order to introduce three human disciplines: literature, history and philosophy from both the ancient and modern world.

The Royal University of Bhutan Institute of Language and Cultural Studies ( ILCS ) at Semtokha, Thimphu, was the only university level institute to offer elective courses on traditional and modern Bhutanese music, song, and dance as of 2003.

Cultural factors play a large part in what age is deemed appropriate, with the expectation for being potty trained ranging from 12 months for some tribes in Africa to 36 months in the modern United States.

Cultural diffusion and intermixing among the Amerindian populations with the European created the modern Mexican identity which is a mixture of regional indigenous and European cultures that evolved into a national culture during the Spanish Colonial period.

Modernization, Cultural Change, and Democracy: The Human Development Sequence ( 2005 ) excerpt and text search, euses comparative political science ; emphasizes importance of having a modern personality

* Cyprus's Centre of Cultural Heritage Contains a photo of a rebuilt " modern " templon

historical re-enactment | Re-enactments of English medieval events, such as the battle of Tewkesbury shown here, form part of the modern Cultural heritage | heritage industry

Cultural studies have investigated changes in the increasing tendency of modern mass media in the field of politics to blur and confuse the boundaries between journalism, entertainment, public relations and advertising.

In modern times, Muslims in Sri Lanka are handled by the Muslim Religious and Cultural Affairs Department, which was established in the 1980s to prevent the continual isolation of the Muslim community from the rest of Sri Lanka.

Cultural appropriation in Western music as a cultural / economic phenomenon is inextricably linked with the invention of sound recording and the development of the international recording industry, but the background to its emergence covers the whole span of modern Western musical history, and what some analysts have deemed the digital revolution.

I catalogue of the exhibition that place in the museum of modern art of the MNAC took, and in the Cultural Foundation of the Caixa of Terrassa.

This included the iconic Padrão dos Descobrimentos and the modern Centro Cultural de Belém which helped to promote tourist and cultural exploration of the north margin of the Tagus.

During the Cultural Revolution of the 1960s the CPA-ML echoed the ultra-revolutionary rhetoric of the Chinese media, calling for immediate world revolution and railing against the " modern revisionists " of the Soviet Union and the pro-Soviet parties such as the CPA, which they described as " the Aarons revisionist clique.

Cultural lag is seen as a critical ethical issue because failure to develop broad social consensus on appropriate applications of modern technology may lead to breakdowns in social solidarity and the rise of social conflict.

The knots uses in modern life has started to develop, after the division of culture and technology was established in 1994 and set up a unit called Cultural Industry planning division to be in charge of developing cultural products.

* Miniature Painting, Wall paintings, and modern Indian painting, Indian Government, Centre for Cultural Resources and Training